7. Major
Burn
●25% total body surface area
●20% in children < 10 area
●20% in adults > 40 years
○ Involving face, eyes, ears,
hands, feet and perineum likely
to result in functional or
cosmetic impairment or
disability
○ High voltage electric burn
injury
○ Concomitant inhalation injury
or major trauma
8. Moderate
Burn
●15 – 25% TBSA in adult
●10-20 % in children < 10
years
●10-20 % in adults >40
years
●< 10% TBSA full
thickness burn without
cosmetic or functional
risk to burn involving the
face, ears, hands, feet,
perineum
21. ⦿ If clothing is one fire, smother flames with
coat, blanket or rug.
S- top
D- rop
R- oll
⦿ Keep the victim lying down, to lessen
SHOCK
⦿ Cut cloth away
⦿ If cloth adheres to the burn, don’t pull it loose
⦿ leave it and cut gently around it
⦿ Carefully scrub hands to prevent
contamination.
22. ⦿ Cover the burn with a thick pad of
dressing
● excludes air
● reduces pain
● Reduce contamination
● If dressings are not available, use freshly
laundered sheets or towels.
⦿ Don’t apply burn ointments or oil or
antiseptic of any and don’t attempt to
change the dressing.
⦿ Call ambulance or move patient to
nearest hospital emergency room.
23.
24. ⦿ On burn that cannot be immersed,
apply ice wrapped in cloth; or
apply cloths soaked in ice water
and change them constantly.
⦿ Continue treatment until the pain is
gone.
25.
26.
27.
28. Pathophysiology
Exposure to thermal source
Decrease blood flow to the burned area
Increase arteriolar vasodilation
Decrease of vasoactive substance from the
burned tissue
Increase capillary permeability
Wound edema fluid loss
Aggravates edema in non-burned tissue
Hypovolemic shock
