Biodiversity lesson

1. Quarter 1 Module
5 Biodiversity
and Evolution

2. OBJECTIVES
measures species distribution using a mathematical way of
expressing the amount of biodiversity and species distribution
in a community
determine the pattern of population distribution
explain the probable causes of species extinction and
local and global
make a multimedia presentation of time of extinction of
representative microorganisms, plants, and animals

3. Which do you like better?
A B

4. Which do you like better?
A B

5. Which do you like better?
A B

6. Which do you like better?
A B

7. A B
Which do you like better?

8. A B
Which do you like better?

9. A B
Which do you like better?

10. What do you
think
biodiversity
means?

11. Bio =
Biodiversity
What does “Bio” mean?

12. Biodiversity
Diversity = Variety
What does “Diversity” mean?

13. Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth and the
essential interdependence of all living things

14. Italsoreferstotheinterrelatednessofgenes,species,andecosystems
andinturn,theirinteractionswiththeenvironment.
BIODIVERSITY

15. There are 3 components of
biodiversity/ Levels of Biodiversity
1. Diversity of genes/Genetic Diversity
Chihuahuas, beagles, and rottweilers are all the same
species —but they're not the same because there is
variety in their genes.
Chihuahua Beagle
Rottweilers

16. 2. Diversity of number of species/species
diversity
For example, monkeys, dragonflies, and
meadow beauties are all different species.
Saki Monkey Golden Skimmer Meadow Beauty
There are 3 components of
biodiversity / Levels of Biodiversity

17. 3. Variety of ecosystems/Ecosystem Diversity
Lakes, Ponds, and Rivers are all Freshwater Ecosystems.
Rocky coast, Sand Dune, Estuary, Salt Marsh , Coral Reef
are all Marine Ecosystems.
There are 3 components of
biodiversity /Levels of Biodiversity

18. BIODIVERSITY
1. Population
2. Endangered Species in the
Philippines
a. Biodiversity index
b. Population density
3. Environmental Problems

19. BIODIVERSITY
1. Population
2. Endangered Species in the
Philippines
a. Biodiversity index
b. Population density
3. Environmental Problems

20. Population
totalnumberoforganismslivingtogetherinaparticularareaoritis
composedofinterbreedingmembersofthesamespecies

21. Population
Aspopulationsofspeciesinteractwithoneanother,theyform biological
communities.

22. Population Dispersion
CLUMPED
RANDOM
UNIFORM

23. Biodiversity Index
 refers to amathematicalmeasure ofspeciesdiversity inacertaincommunity.
 Itcanmeasure whether therichnessofdiversityishighorlow.
Formula:
Diversity Index(DI)=numberof speciesinthe area/total numberof individualsinthe area
Ex:
A4X4-metersquareareainacarrothas300carrotplants,allthesamespecies
Diversity Index(DI)=numberof speciesinthe area/total numberofindividualsinthearea
=1/300
= 0.003 (low biodiversity)

24. Ex:
Inavegetablegarden, MangTonyplanted50eggplants,30tomatoes,20
squash,and20pechayplants.ComputetheBiodiversityIndexinthegarden
Formula:
Diversity Index(DI)=numberof speciesinthe area/total numberofindividualsinthearea
Diversity Index(DI)=numberof speciesinthe area/total numberofindividualsinthearea
=4/120
= 0.033 (low biodiversity)
Numberof species- 4
Total numberofindividualsinthe area-120

25. You Try it Now!
A20X20-metersquareareainamountainlandhas1 Narratree,I
Mangotree,IAcaciatree,1Caimito,and1 Duhattree.Computethe
Biodiversityindex.
Formula:
Diversity Index(DI)=numberof speciesinthearea/total numberofindividualsinthe area
Diversity Index(DI)=numberof speciesinthe area/total numberofindividualsinthe area
=5/5
= 1 (high biodiversity)

26. Population Density
referstotheaveragenumberofindividualsinapopulationperunitofareaorvolume.
Forexample, apopulationof 100insectsthatliveinanareaof 100square meters hasadensityof1
insectper squaremeter.
 availability ofwater
 foodsources
 amountoflight
Limiting factors in an ecosystem
Carryingcapacityreferstothemaximum
populationsizeofanenvironmentthatcan
supportlife.
How are populations measured?

27. Carrying capacity

28.  availability ofwater
 foodsources
 amountoflight
Limiting factors in an ecosystem
Carryingcapacityreferstothemaximum
populationsizeofanenvironmentthatcan
supportlife.
Carrying capacity

29. 0.003sq.meter
0.005sq.meter
0.006sq.meter

30. 1. Death rate
2. birth rate
3.migration
Direction. Toguesstheword,usethehintsasnumbers.
Ex: 19-3-9-5-14-3-19 =SCIENCE
Factors that affect population
4-5-1-20-8 18-1-20-5
2-9-18-20-8 18-1-20-
5
13-9-7-18-1-20-9-15-14

31. Endangered Species in the Philippines
Can you name some
endangered species in
the Philippines?

33. Endagered vs. Extinction
Endangered:
meanswhenananimalorplant
becomeslowintermsofits
populationbecauseofhuman
interventions..
Extinction:
meansthatthepopulationof
animalsandplantsarebeinglost
inthecommunity..

34. Why do species become endangered?
Human
activities

35. Name me!
HUNTING & TRAPPING Taking animals for profit
Destruction of habitat pollution

36. Environmental Problems
Can you name identify
some environmental
problems?

37. Environmental problems
DEFORESTATION

38. Environmental Problems
EUTROPHICATION

39. Environmental problems
SILTATION

40. Environmental Problems
POLLUTION

41. Environmental problems
GLOBAL WARMING

43. What will happen if
people continue doing
such activities?

44. things you’ve realized
Reflection: ticket-outdoor activity
Continuethisphrase,
Irealizedthat………..
thing you should stop doing in
destroying the environment
Asastudent,Iwillnolonger………..

45. “You must be the
change you want to
see in the world”.
-Mahatma Ghandi-

47. By group.
Each group should consist of at least 5 members.
Make a Video advocating environmental
preservation/protection - minimum video length is
1-2 minutes and file type is MP4

48. By group.
Each group should consist of at least 5 members.
Make a multimedia presentation/powerpoint
presentation of timeline of extinction of
representative microorganisms, plants, and
animals.(start from 2010)