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Internal meeting: An introduction to the civil registry & LINKS
- 1. 9-3-2021 Rick Mourits Civil registry & LINKS
- 2. Outline 1. What is LINKS? 2. The pipeline • Civil registry • Data entry • Linking the certificates • Family reconstitutions 3. Performance / Experiences thus far
- 3. General idea Vital events that occurred after 1811: • have been registered. • are (or will be) indexed and digitized • can be linked with LINKS • which is necessary to reconstitute families In time, this makes it possible to retrace every individual who experienced a vital event in the Netherlands.
- 4. 1. What is LINKS? Family reconstitution using birth, marriage, and death certificates from the Dutch civil registry LINKing System for family reconstitution Contains information on: • parents, offspring, and spouses, • age at marriage, childbirth, and death, • number of marriages, children, etc. • birth intervals, • migration • occupations
- 5. From Figure 1: Families in Comparison
- 6. 2. Pipeline Civil registry Indexed registry Cleaned registry LINKS Dataset Data entry Cleaning Linking Reconstitution
- 7. 2. Pipeline Civil registry Indexed registry Cleaned registry LINKS Dataset Data entry Cleaning Linking Reconstitution
- 8. 2a. Civil registry Starts in 1796/1811/1812 Third oldest in the world after France (1796) and Belgium (1796/1811) Contains vital events • Birth certificates 1811-1918 100-year delay • Marriage certificates 1811-1943 075-year delay • Death certificates 1811-1968 050-year delay Registered at the municipal level • Made in duplicate • No loose forms • Pages watermarked by local judiciary Civil registry
- 9. Extract from the civil registry
- 10. Useful for research Information: • Vital events (duh) • Municipality of registration • Family relations • Age • Occupations (not always indexed) Available certificates: • Birth certificates 14,215,411 • Marriage certificates 04,642,000 • Death certificates 13,212,269 F1 F2 F3 First marriage Second marriage
- 11. Unique selling points Families!!! • Clustering • Networks / capital • Intergenerational transfers Size: • 2+ generations • Complete record of families • Ample half-sibs, second cousins, etc. • Large database • Sizable area F1 F2 F3 First marriage Second marriage
- 12. Example of a research application
- 13. 2b. Data entry Regional archives make indexes of certificates: Choose themselves what to index: • Occupations, • Witnesses, • Names parents (now entered) • Varies by region CBG/Genlias/WieWasWie: gather/own data and have contract with IISG for LINKS Civil registry Indexed registry Data entry
- 14. Graphic summary by Kees Mandemakers ‘WieWasWie’ database/ website ARCHIVES archives including CBG, Digital Family Tree LINKS cleaned Feedback
- 15. Data entered thus far Done: Drenthe/Groningen, Flevoland (Urk, Schokland), Gelderland, Limburg, Noord-Brabant, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland Omissions: Friesland, Noord-Holland (A’dam excluded), Zuid-Holland Sources: WieWasWie/CBG IISG Amsterdam Bob Coret
- 16. Graphic summary by Kees Mandemakers 0 2,000,000 4,000,000 6,000,000 8,000,000 10,000,000 12,000,000 14,000,000 16,000,000 Geboorte 1812- 1918 Overlijden 1812- 1968 Huwelijk 1812- 1943 Ingevoerd Totaal
- 17. 2c. Linking the certificates Matching birth, marriage and death records Life course 1. Birth - Marriage 2. Birth - Death (children) 3. Marriage - Death (married, no birth) Intergenerational 4. Birth - Marriage parents (best) 5. Marriage - Marriage parents (good) 6. Death - Marriage parents (limited usefulness) Cleaned registry LINKS Linking
- 18. Linking the certificates Name constraints: • Fixed first syllable • Exact matching • Levenshtein dependent on length of name Time constraints: • Age at death • Age at marriage / between ages 15-50
- 22. Results Match Result Selection Intragenerational Birth – Death 67.5% Born: 1812-1862 - post hoc matching 68.8% Born: 1812-1862 Marriage – Birth 85.7% Married: 1862-1912 Marriage – Death 68.2% Married: 1812-1862 - post hoc matching 68.5% Married: 1812-1862 Intergenerational Birth – Marriage parents 82.4% Born: 1842-1912 Marriage – Marriage parents 82.5% Married: 1887-1937
- 23. Some thoughts on matching • Birth and marriage certificates are most easily matched (required at marriage). • Death certificates are harder to match. • Hence, birth and marriage registers should be the basis to reconstruct the population of the Netherlands between 1812-1968. • However, death certificates need to be matched, so that end users can use the data.
- 24. Known problems Source: • Double entry of registration • Age missing / spelling variations (also during entry) • Legal reality, rather than biological - No extramarital family relations - Real father? Matching: • Migration • Premarital births • Twins • Reused name within family
- 25. 2d. Family reconstitution Product is linked certificates But users require reconstituted life courses or families! Problems to solve: • Make analyzable structure • Links should be unambiguous (same parent identified) • Unmatched certificates within reconstituted families No standardized operationalization (yet) LINKS Dataset Reconstitution
- 26. From Figure 1: Families in Comparison
- 27. Overview of available data birth, marriage & death death marriage & death cohorts
- 28. R-script to operationalize data
- 31. 3. Performance / Experiences thus far Used to publish in top journals (Nature Communications) Structure is tricky. Matches are good, but the questions is what we miss and why. Observations are only useful if: • A death certificate is available • A marriage certificate of the parents is available Publish R-script + manual together with Ingrid van Dijk to transform LINKS into a dataset.
- 32. Take-home message 1. A pipeline already exists to move from raw data to LINKS-Zeeland. 2. Data is of ample quality to publish in high impact journals. 3. Full civil registry of the Netherlands is available in the archives • However, not all certificates have been entered yet • Not all variables are indexed 4. Question is how to use the available infrastructure
- 33. © Utrecht University The information in this presentation has been compiled with the utmost care, but no rights can be derived from its contents. DISCLAIMER