Autism & Related Disabilities is a developmental disorder that affects the brain's normal development of social and communication skills. It is also known as a complex developmental disability. Austin Journal of Autism & Related Disabilities is an open access, peer reviewed scholarly journal committed to publication of unique contributions concerned with Autism & Related Disabilities.
Austin Journal of Autism & Related Disabilities accepts original research articles, review articles, case reports, clinical images and rapid communication on all the aspects of Autism & Related Disabilities.
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Autism & Related Disabilities
1.
2. WHAT IS AUTISM?
๏Autism impacts normal development of the
brain in areas of social interaction and
communication skills.
๏Difficult to communicate with others and
relate to the outside world.
๏Occasionally, aggressive and/or self-
injurious behavior may be present.
3. BEHAVIOUR OF AUTISM
AFFECTED PERSON
๏May exhibit repeated body movements
(hand flapping, rocking).
๏Unusual responses to people
๏Attachment to objects
๏Resistance to change in routine
๏Sensory sensitivities
5. 1. Autistic Disorder
๏Impairments in social interaction,
communication, and imaginative play.
๏Apparent before age 3.
๏Also includes stereotyped behaviors,
interests, and activities
6. 2. Aspergerโs Disorder
๏Impairments in social interactions, and
presence of restricted interests and activities
๏No clinically significant general delay in
language
๏Average to above average intelligence
7. 3. Pervasive Developmental Disorder โ Not
Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS)
๏Often referred to as atypical autism
๏Used when a child does not meet the criteria
for a specific diagnosis, but there is severe
and pervasive impairment in specified
behaviors
8. 4. Rettโs Disorder
๏Progressive disorder which, to date, has
only occurred in girls.
๏Period of normal development and then the
loss of previously acquired skills
๏Also loss of purposeful use of hands, which
is replaced by repetitive hand movements
๏Beginning at age of 1-4 years
10. CAUSES OF AUTISM
Good agreement in general that autism is
caused by abnormalities in brain
development, neurochemistry, and genetic
factors
11. DIAGNOSIS
๏No definitive medical test
๏Team uses interviews, observation, and
specific checklists developed for this
purpose.
๏Team might include neurologist,
psychologist, developmental pediatrician,
speech/language therapist, learning
consultant etc.