Biometrics refers to the automatic identification of a person based on physiological or behavioral characteristics. There are two main categories of biometric characteristics - physiological (fingerprints, facial recognition, hand geometry, iris scans, retina scans) and behavioral (voice recognition, signatures, keyboard typing patterns). Biometric technologies are used for applications like preventing unauthorized access to devices, criminal identification, keyless entry systems in cars, and airport security screening.

2. BIOMETRICS?
BIOMETRICS refers to the automatic
identification of a person based on his or her

3. BIOMETRIC RELATED
TERMS
RECOGNITION
IDENTIFICATION
VERIFICATION

4. BIOMETRIC
CHARACTERISTICS
PHYSIOLOGICAL
BEHAVIORAL

5. PHYSIOLOGICAL
BIOMETRICS
Fingerprint
Facial recognition/face location
Hand geometry
Iris scan
Retina scan

6. FINGERPRINT RECOGNITION
A live acquisition of a
persons fingerprint
Dots(very small ridges)
Space between two
temporarily divergent
ridges
Spurs(a notch protruding
from a ridge
Bridges(small ridges
joining two longer adjacent
ridges ), crossovers(two
ridges that crossover each
other)

7. FACIAL RECOGNITION
Capture image
Find face in image
Extract features(store
template)
Compare templates
Declare matches

8. HAND GEOMETRY
Hand or finger geometry is an
measurement of many dimensions of
the hand or fingers

9. IRIS RECOGNITION
Iris scanning measures the iris pattern in the
colored part of the eye

10. RETINA RECOGNITION
Images back of
the eye and
compares
blood vessels
with existing
color

11. BEHAVIORAL
BIOMETRICS
Speaker/voice recognition
Signature/hand writing
Key stroke/patterning

12. SPEAKER/VOICE
RECOGNITION
Voice/speaker recognition uses vocal characteristics
to identify individuals using a pass-phrase
A telephone or microphone can be used as a sensor

13. SIGNATURE
VERIFICATION
An automated method of measuring an individuals
signature
This technique examines speed, direction and pressure
of writing, the time that the styles is in and out of contact
with the “paper”

14. KEYSTROKE DYNAMICS
KEYSROKE DYNMAICS is an method of examining an
individuals keystrokes on a keyboard
This technology examines such dynamics as speed and
pressure, the total time taken to type particular words and
the time elapsed between hitting certain keys

15. APPLICATIONS
Prevent unauthorized access to ATMs, cellular
phones and desktop PCs etc.,
Criminal identification
In automobiles biometrics can replace keys with
key less entry devices
Airport security