Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Finding	&	Communica-ng	the	Story	
Lesson	2	of	4	(2017	series)	
	
Communica-ng	Numerical	
Informa-on	
Ray	Poynter	
	
	
July	2017
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Agenda	
1.  The	Context	
2.  Reducing	Complexity	
3.  Stories	
4.  Dashboards	
5.  References	
6.  Top	Tips
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Series	Schedule	–	2017	
•  How	to	see	the	meaning	in	numbers	
31	May	
•  How	to	communicate	numerical	informaDon	
5	July	
•  Sense-making	with	open-ended	text	
7	September	
•  Think,	Feel,	Do	
PresentaDons	that	change	behaviour	
9	November
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Different	Communica-ons	
Stories	 Reference	Dashboards
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Why	Do	We	Present	Numbers?
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Reduce	Complexity	
Albert	Einstein	
Everything	should	be	made	as	simple	as	
possible,	but	not	simpler.
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Reduce	Complexity	–	Key	Tools	
•  Remove	the	unnecessary	
•  Minimise	the	number	of	digits	
•  Use	summaries	
•  Re-structure	the	data	
•  Use	comparisons	
•  Visualise
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Remove	The	Unnecessary	
Context	dependent:	e.g.	for	analysis,	reporDng,	story	telling.	
If	the	raw	data	is	available,	more	becomes	unnecessary.
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Remove	The	Unnecessary	
Context	dependent:	e.g.	for	analysis,	reporDng,	story	telling.	
If	the	raw	data	is	available,	more	becomes	unnecessary.	
61%	Important
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Minimise	The	Number	of	Digits	
 	 Turnover (US$m) Turnover (US$m) Turnover (US$m) Turnover (US$m) Turnover (US$m)
Latin America 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Brazil 777 823 724 754 502
Mexico 459 454 451 445 397
Venezuela 109 134 130 180 310
Colombia 158 171 173 180 156
Chile 101 115 125 115 103
Peru 63 73 85 89 78
Argentina 132 106 117 68 74
Ecuador 25 28 31 33 34
Uruguay 13 13 14 16 14
Dominican Republic 11 10 11 11 11
Costa Rica 9 10 10 10 10
Guatemala 9 9 9 9 10
Bolivia 7 7 8 8 9
Panama 6 6 7 7 7
Paraguay 5 5 6 6 6
El Salvador 5 5 5 5 5
Honduras 3 3 3 3 3
Nicaragua 3 3 3 3 3
Latin America total 1,894 1,976 1,911 1,943 1,731
ESOMAR	Global	Market	
Research	Report,	2016
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Use	Summaries	
There	are	380	matches	in		a	season
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Use	Summaries
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Use	Summaries
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Re-structure	The	Data	
ESOMAR	Global	Market	
Research	Report,	2016
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Findings	Need	a	Comparator
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Findings	Need	a	Comparator
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Findings	Need	a	Comparator
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Findings	Need	a	Comparator
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Use	Comparisons	
Purple	line=	
Donald	Trump	
	
Source:	hWps://fivethirtyeight.com/
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Visualise	
If	the	drilling	lines	in	North	Dakota	were	above	ground.	
Source	hWps://www.nyDmes.com/interacDve/2014/11/24/upshot/nd-oil-well-illustraDon.html
Tim Bock, Q, Australia
NewMR Advances in Quantitative Research Event, 19 September 2012, Session 2
Tim Bock, Q, Australia
NewMR Advances in Quantitative Research Event, 19 September 2012, Session 2
USA
Russia
England
France
Germany
Denmark
Portugal
Holland
Flanders
0 400 1000 1300 1700 1804
Hans towns
Venice & Genoa
Spain
Constantinople
Alexandria
Rome
Carthage
Israel & Judea
Greece
Tyra etc.
Assyria etc.
Egypt
“DiagonalizaDon”
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Stories
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Think,	Feel,	Do	
1.  Think,	the	facts	
2.  Feel,	the	emo;onal	message	
3.  Do,	what	do	you	want	people	to	do?
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Advice,	Not	Precision
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Storytelling	And	Numbers	
Minimise	the	use	of	numbers	
–  Imagine	you	had	to	pay	a	dollar	for	each	number	
Use	numbers	as	storytelling	elements,	not	just	as	facts	
–  80%	of	people	prefer	brand	A	=	‘Most	people	prefer	A’	or	
‘A	is	the	favourite	brand’	
Illustrate	the	general	with	the	personal	
–  11%	of	customers	are	unhappy	with	baWery	performance	
“The	baDery	keeps	leFng	me	down,	on	my	journey	home	
the	phone	is	useless	to	me.”
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Hans	Rosling
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Bad	News	For	Men	In	Eastern	Europe	
Eurostat	-	hWp://goo.gl/r2q526	
Amenable	Deaths	Per	100,000	of	populaDon	-	2012
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Seth	Godin
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
How	many	alcoholic	drinks	did	you	have	
this	weekend?	
30% 27%
19%
7%
19%
14%
31%
49%
London Manchester
10 or more
5 to 9
2 to 4
1
None
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
How	many	alcoholic	drinks	did	you	have	
this	weekend?	
30% 27%
19%
7%
19%
14%
31%
49%
London Manchester
10 or more
5 to 9
2 to 4
1
None
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Does	The	USA	Spend	Enough	On	Health?	
Gapminder.org	
USA
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Total	Health	Spending	
USA
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Higher	Levels	of	Child	Mortality	
USA	
Cuba
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Shorter	Lives	
USA	
Turkey	
The	issue	of	
USA	health	
ROI	needs	
addressing!
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Stories	With	Numbers	
Minimise	the	use	of	numbers	
–  People	can	only	remember	a	small	number	of	simple	
numbers	
Most	charts	should	not	depend	on	numbers	being	
visible	
Think,	Feel,	Do	
–  Don’t	talk	about	the	data,	or	the	analysis	
–  Tell	the	story,	focus	on	the	‘Do’
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Dashboards
Example	from	dapresy
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Car	Dashboard	Analogy
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Dashboards	Analogy	
Main	dial,	speed	(coarse	units)	
Rev	counter	(coarse	units)	
Fuel,	occasional	viewing,	
longer-term	management	
Occasional,	visible	
when	needed
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
References	
Media	
–  Paper,	PDF,	Electronic	
Findable	
–  Structure,	signposDng,	search,	links	
Reader-centric	design	
–  Not	data-centric	design	
Reports	
–  Story	then	reference
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
References	Don’t	Have	
To	Be	Boring
With	the	text,	might	be	
useful	in	a	report	
By	Q	Research’s	Tim	Bock,			
posted	on	the	GreenBook	Blog	
hWp://www.greenbookblog.org/2017/03/16/why-pie-charts-are-
beWer-than-bar-charts/		
Without	most	of	the	text/numbers,	
might	be	useful	in	a	presentaDon
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Top	Tips	
•  It’s	not	about	the	numbers	
– It’s	about	the	story	
•  Think,	Feel,	Do	
•  As	simple	as	possible,	but	no	simpler	
•  PresentaDons,	dashboards	and	references	
are	different	
– Focus	on	the	user,	not	the	data
Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
Communica-ng	Numerical	Informa-on	-	Ray	Poynter	
Thank	You!	
	
	
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Finding	and	Communica-ng	the	Story	2017	–	Lesson	2	of	4	
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How to communicate numerical information