Here at ACE DYNAMICS, our innovative, sustainable solutions help our clients to address their Air, Water, Environment, Energy, and Resource management challenges.

1. SOURCE OF WASTEWATER
• How Waste water gets generated-
Waste-water is any water that has been affected by human use. Wastewater is
"used water from any combination of domestic, industrial, commercial or’
agricultural activities, surface runoff or’ storm water, and any sewer infiltration".
The characteristics of wastewater vary depending on the source.
• Types of wastewater-
It includes domestic wastewater from households, municipal wastewater from
communities (also called sewage) or industrial wastewater from industrial
activities. Wastewater can contain physical, chemical and biological pollutants.

2. WHAT IS ETP ?
ETP (Effluent Treatment Plant) is a process design for treating the industrial
waste water for its reuse or safe disposal to the environment.
• Influent: Untreated industrial waste water.
• Effluent: Treated industrial waste water.
• Sludge: Solid part separated from waste water by ETP
NEED OF ETP:
• To clean industry effluent and recycle it for further use.
• To reduce the usage of fresh/potable water in Industries.
• To cut expenditure on water procurement.
• To meet the Standards for emission or discharge of environmental pollutants
from various Industries set by the Government and avoid hefty penalties.
• To safeguard environment against pollution and contribute in sustainable
development.

3. INDUSTRIAL
EFFLUENT
TREATMENT PLANTS
INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT STANDARDS (ppm)
Parameter Inlet Outlet
PH 6.5- 7.9 7.0-7.2
BOD 150 <30
COD 600 <250
TSS Nil Nil
TDS 350 Nil
OIL & GREASE 80 <10

4. TYPES & CHARACTERISTICS OF EFFLUENT
Contaminants Reasons for Importance
Physical suspended solids Lead to the development of sludge deposits
Chemical bio-degradable organics When discharged untreated to the environment, they lead to
the depletion of natural oxygen resources
Nutrients If discharged untreated, they can lead to water pollution
Hazardous Because of their characteristics (e.g. toxicity, flammability)
are dangerous for human health and environment
Heavy Metals It can negatively impact upon biological waste treatment
processes
Dissolved inorganic solids These are to be removed, if waste water is to be recycled
Biological Pathogens Communicable diseases can be transmitted by the
pathogenic organisms in waste water

5. DESIGN OF ETP
The design and size of the ETP depends upon:
• Quantity and quality of the industries discharge effluent.
• Land availability.
• Monetary considerations for construction, operation & maintenance.
Area dimension depends on:
• Quality of wastewater to be treated,
• Flow rate
• Type of biological treatment to be used .
• In case of less available land, CETP (Common Effluent Treatment Plant) is
preferred over ETP

6. Industrial water treatment

7. PRELIMINARY
TREATMENT
LEVEL
Purpose: Physical separation of big sized
impurities like cloth, plastics, wood logs,
paper, etc.
Common physical unit operations at
Preliminary level are:
Screening: A screen with openings of
uniform size is used to remove large solids
such as plastics, cloth etc. Generally
maximum 10mm is used.
Sedimentation: Physical water treatment
process using gravity to remove suspended
solids from water.
Clarification: Used for separation of
solids from fluids

8. Primary Treatment
Level
• Purpose: Removal of floating and settlable
materials such as suspended solids and organic
matter.
• Methods: Both physical and chemical methods are
used in this treatment level.
• Chemical unit processes:
➢Chemical unit processes are always used with
physical operations and may also be used with
biological treatment processes.
➢Chemical processes use the addition of chemicals to
the wastewater to bring about changes in its
quality. Example: pH control, coagulation, chemical
precipitation and oxidation.

9. Primary Treatment
Level
PH Control:
➢To adjust the pH in the treatment process to make
wastewater pH neutral.
➢For acidic wastes (low pH): NaOH , Na2CO3, CaCO3 or
Ca(OH)2.
➢For alkali wastes (high pH): H2SO4, HCl
Chemical coagulation and Flocculation:
➢Coagulation refers to collecting the minute solid particles
dispersed in a liquid into a larger mass.
➢Chemical coagulants like Al2(SO4)3 {also called alum} or
Fe2(SO4)3 are added to wastewater to improve the
attraction among fine particles so that they come
together and form larger particles called flocs.
➢A chemical flocculent (usually a polyelectrolyte)
enhances the flocculation process by bringing together
particles to form larger flocs , which settle out more
quickly.
➢Flocculation is aided by gentle mixing which causes the
particles to collide.

10. Secondary Treatment
Level
Methods: Biological and chemical processes are involved in
this level.
Biological unit process :
❖To remove, or reduce the concentration of organic and
inorganic compounds.
❖ Biological treatment process can take many forms but
all are based around microorganisms, mainly bacteria.
Aerobic Processes
❖Aerobic treatment processes take place in the presence
of air (oxygen).
❖Utilizes those microorganisms (aerobes), which use
molecular/free oxygen to assimilate organic impurities
i.e. convert them in to carbon dioxide, water and
biomass.
Anaerobic Processes
❖The anaerobic treatment processes take place in the
absence of air (oxygen).
❖Utilizes microorganisms (anaerobes) which do not
require air (molecular/free oxygen) to assimilate organic
impurities.
❖The final products are methane and biomass.

11. Tertiary/Advance
Treatment
Purpose: Final cleaning process that improves
wastewater quality before it is reused, recycled or
discharged to the environment.
Mechanism: Removes remaining inorganic
compounds, and substances, such as the nitrogen and
phosphorus. Bacteria, viruses and parasites, which
are harmful to public health, are also removed at this
stage.
Methods:
➢Alum: Used to help remove additional phosphorus
particles and group the remaining solids together
for easy removal in the filters.
➢Chlorine contact tank disinfects the tertiary
treated wastewater by removing microorganisms
in treated wastewater including bacteria, viruses
and parasites.

12. CONVENTIONAL
Vs
MODERN MECHANISM

13. FLUDISED MEDIA
REACTOR
The Fluidized Media Reactor technology using attached growth
process for Waste water treatment. As compared to conventional
technologies these are compact, energy efficient and user friendly.
The FMR process refers to the operation of activated sludge tanks
in various configurations in a combination of
Suspended biomass, MLSS (mixed liquid suspended solids) and
attached biomass, which is attached to the FMR media. Such kind
of operation is generally classified as Moving Bed Bio film Reactor
(MBBR).
Basic principle:
Flock forming organism’s form clusters or attach to available
surfaces. The FMR carrier material allows high biomass
concentrations per cubic meter of material, which:
➢Increases the specific volumetric capacity of activated sludge
tanks
➢Controls biomass activity
➢Reduces operating cost

14. FLUDISED MEDIA REACTOR
The FMR technology is a single tank
design unit incorporating
A bar screen,
A specially designed tank with
synthetic media,
A lamella settler, and
A chlorine contact tank.

15. FLUDISED MEDIA REACTOR

16. FLUDISED MEDIA
REACTOR
Advantages using FMR
Significant reduction in space requirement due to high surface area &
loading rate of FMR media.
Reduced power and operating costs
No Sludge recycle
No moving parts, less maintenance
FMR is best suitable when
Designing a new waste water treatment plants when operating cost &
space are constraints
Upgrading of existing waste water treatment plants
Operate plants in low temperature areas
Reduce bulking problems in existing treatment plants
Applications of FMR
De-centralized compact sewage treatment plants for
I) Residential complexes, / Hotels / Commercial Center’s Office Premises /
Industries and Rural Communities.
II) Industrial wastewater treatment from:
Food & Beverage Textiles Pulp & Paper Chemicals
Pharmaceuticals Petro-Chemicals Dairy Production

17. PROCESS DETAILS
Bar Screen: Raw waste water from the source is usually received into the bar screen
chamber by gravity. Screen provided will remove all floating and big size matter such as
plastic bottles, polythene bags, glasses, stones, etc., which may otherwise choke the
pipeline and pumps.
Oil and Grease Trap (Civil Construction) : If the Waste generated includes maximum
quantity of higher concentrations of oil and grease in the Influent, It needs to be removed
before biological treatment as it otherwise may cause problems for biological treatment.
The oil and grease removed by gravity floats to the surface, which is removed by the oil
skimmer (by client).
Equalization Tank (Civil Construction) : Usually, waste generation is more during morning
hours and evening hours. Any biological system needs constant feed for bacteria to work
efficiently. Hence, it is important to put an equalization tank to collect the excess flow
during peak hours and feed influent in lean hours. A typical equalization tank has a
capacity of 8 – 12 hours of average flow rate.

18. PROCESS DETAILS
Transfer of Influent : Our scope starts from transfer of influent from Equalization Tank
to FMR tank. The distance of transfer should not exceed beyond 5 meter. The transfer
pump has considered centrifugal non-submersible type for this application.. The design
layout shall be as per ACED standard.
The pump should not run dry and Client to ensure sufficient influent is available in the
Equalization Tank.
Fluidized Media Reactor (FMR): Fluidized Media Reactor (FMR) as the name indicates
consists of floating media of various shapes and sizes. The FMR media material allows
biomass concentration of 20 – 40 Kg/m3 material. Thus, FMR consists of combination of
biomass in attached as well as suspended form. Volume of the media shall vary from 6 to
25 % based on the concentration of organic matter.

19. PROCESS DETAILS
Treated Water Collection Tank: The treated water collection tank can be of civil
construction by client in case required. The treated water can be collected either from
the chlorination chamber in Scheme I or from Activated Carbon Filter in Scheme II.
Sludge: The sludge from the Clarifier to be removed from the bottom of the Clarifier
once in a day by client and transferred to sludge drying bed either by gravity or through
pump depending on site condition. Before starting the De- sledging, shut off the aeration
for 30 minutes and allow the sludge to concentrate at the bottom.

20. PROCESS FLOW SCHEMATIC

21. EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT

22. PRESTIGIOUS
CLIENTS
THE GATEWAY HOTEL
HOTEL MAYFAIR
TOYOTSU RARE EARTHS LTD
MANIPAL HOSPITALS
RAMA SHRIMP HATCHERY
TATA STEELS LTD
INS CHILKA, INDIAN NAVY
JINDAL STAINLESS LTD
BOKARO STEEL PLANT
LAURUS LABS LTD
MYLAN LABORATORIES LTD
L & T SHIPBUILDING LTD
INDO GERMAN INSTITUTE OF ADVANCE
TECHNOLOGY
VEDANTA ALUMINIUM LTD
& MANY MORE…………….….

23. Thank you