3. PLACE SELECTION
Poultry house should be
dry, up ground & away
from locality.
Ensure pure water &
electricity supply.
Predators & others
animal are not allowed
in the farm.
14. MANAGEMENT IN
BROODING
Chick Guard:
For 1000 chicks, it should be
24 ft long & 12 ft width
Light:
In summer- 1.5 watt/chicks
In winter- 2 watt/ chick
Heat should be provided.
16. PREPARATION FOR CHICK
ARRIVAL
Litter material should be
spread evenly to a depth o
f 3–4 in (7.5–10 cm) and t
hen levelled and compacte
d in the brooding area.
The necessary equipment
must be assembled in the
appropriate configuration
as-
17. PREPARATION FOR CHICK
ARRIVAL
Equipment in the house
(i.e., feeders, drinkers, heate
rs and fans) should be arran
ged to allow chicks to mainta
in body temperature without
dehydration and to find feed
and water easily.
Configuration will depend
on the brooding system and
on other equipment being us
18. PREPARATION FOR CHICK
ARRIVAL
Supplementary feeders
and drinkers shouldbe pla
ced in close proximity to t
he main systems.
19. PREPARATION FOR CHICK
ARRIVAL
Houses should be pre-heated
for a sufficient period to achieve
target house and litter temperat
ures prior to chick arrival.
Temperature should be
monitored regularly to ensure a
uniform environment exists thro
ughout the whole brooding area
.
20. AFTER ARRIVAL
Firstly provide lukeworm water
for 2-3 hrs then provide
following solution-
Glucose-50gm/ litre
Multivitamine-1gm/4
litre
Electrolytes- 1gm/ 2
litre
24. FEEDER MANAGEMENT
Feeder should keep neat
& clean.
To treat feeder by
disinfactant regularly.
Keep appropriate no. of
feeder on basis of
population
Provide 24 hrs pure water
26. LITTER MANAGEMENT
In winter season litter should
be 2-3 inch & for winter
season 4-5 inch depth
Daily spray with disinfactant
Moisture level should be
keep in minimum level
Moist litter should dry sun
heat &treat with surface
29. VACCINATION
Should maintain cool
chain of vaccine
Should be vaccinate at
cool environment i.e
morning or late night
Diseased or weakness
bird should be separate
from normal one.
30. How to achieve 4x
body weight
1 Proper Feed Allocation
X X
OK
31. How to achieve 4x
body weight
2.Light Intensity at lease 20
lug at feeder level
X
32. How to achieve 4x
body weight
3. Water available all time
33. How to achieve 4x
body weight
4.Temperature adjust
properly
35. VENTILATION
Air quality is critical during the
brooding period.
Ventilation is required during
the brooding period to maintain
temperatures at the targeted lev
el and to allow sufficient air exc
hange to prevent the accumulati
on of harmful gases such as car
bon monoxide, carbon dioxide a
nd ammonia.
36. VENTILATION
Establishing minimum
ventilation rates from one
day of age will ensure fres
h air is supplied to chicks
at frequent, regular interv
als.
Stirring fans can be used
to maintain evenness of ai
38. MONITORING EARLY CHICK
PERFORMANCE
As a result of continued
genetic gains in growth ra
te, brooding has become a
n increasingly greater pro
portion of the life of the fl
ock. In addition,
39. MONITORING EARLY CHICK
PERFORMANCE
Seven-day body weight is
highly correlated to market a
ge weight.
It is strongly recommended
that a sample of each flock b
e weighed at seven days to e
valuate growth performance
against standards for the giv
en product.
40. MONITORING EARLY CHICK
PERFORMANCE
Scales used should be
capable of weighing in 1 g in
crements.
Minimum sample size
should be 1 percent of the fl
ock,
With sampling done in at
least three separate areas of
the house.
41. MONITORING EARLY CHICK
PERFORMANCE
A general rule of thumb
would be a seven-day target
of 4x dayold chick weight.
Average weights below 130
g should prompt investigatio
n as to causative reasons.
Seven days weight below 1g
release 6g at 42 days.
42. HUMIDITY
Relative humidity (RH) in the
hatcher, at the end of the inc
ubation process will be high
(approx. 80 percent).
Houses with whole house
heating, especially where nip
ple drinkers are used, can ha
ve RH levels as low as 25 per
cent.
43. HUMIDITY
Houses with more
conventional equipment (i.
e., spot brooders, which p
roduce moisture as a bypr
oduct of combustion and
bell drinkers, which have
open water surfaces) have
a much higher RH (usually
over 50 percent).
44. HUMIDITY
To limit the shock to the
chicks of transfer from the
incubator,
RH levels in the first three
days should be
maintained near 70 perce
nt.
45. HUMIDITY
RH within the broiler house
should be monitored daily.
If it falls below 50 percent in
the first week, chicks will begin
to dehydrate,
Causing negative effects on
performance.
In such cases, action should be
taken to increase RH.
46. HUMIDITY
If the house is fitted with
high-pressure spray nozzles
(i.e.,foggers) for cooling in hi
gh temperatures, then these
can be used to increase RH d
uring brooding.
Chicks kept at appropriate
humidity levels are less pron
47. HUMIDITY
As the chick grows, ideal
RH falls.
High RH from 18 days
onward can cause wet litte
r and its associated proble
ms.
As broilers increase in live
weight, RH levels can be
controlled using ventilatio
48. HEAT STRESS
Heat stress negatively affects
growth rate and livability.
Effects of heat stress can be
minimized by altering the enviro
nment to reduce the temperatur
e experienced by the bird.
49. CONTROL OF HEAT
STRESS
Normal body temperature of a
broiler chicken is 106ºF
(41ºC).
Absolute temperature at which a
broiler is under heat
stress is related to its age,
temperature and RH.
As a rule of thumb, for fully
feathered birds, a “heat stress inde
x” (RH plus temperature in ºF) of 16
0 is considered heat stress.
50. CONTROL OF HEAT
STRESS
Broilers regulate their body
temperature by two methods:
radiation/convection of heat and
evaporative cooling through
respiration.
Within the temperature range
55–77ºF (13–25ºC), heat loss is
mainly accomplished through p
hysical radiation and convection
to the cooler environment.
51. CONTROL OF HEAT
STRESS
As the temperature rises
above 86ºF (30ºC) the majori
ty of heat loss is accomplish
ed by evaporative cooling an
d panting, and increased res
piration rate.
52. CONTROL OF HEAT
STRESS
Panting allows the bird to
control body temperature by ev
aporation of water from the res
piratory surfaces and air sacs.
The process uses energy. In
conditions of high humidity, pa
nting is less effective.
Where high temperatures are
maintained for long periods, or
humidity is very high, panting m
53. CONTROL OF HEAT
STRESS
As the bird passes into a
condition of heat stress, r
ectal temperature rises, he
art rate and metabolic rate
increase and oxygenation
of the blood decreases.
54. SOME IMPORTANT
DISEASE
Diseases Clinical Sign Control/Trea
tment
Newcastle Disease Green diarrhoea,
torticolitis,
Anorexia
Prevent by
Vaccination
Infactious Bursal
Disease
Whitish diarrhoea,
hyperthermia,
dullness
Prevent by
Vaccination
Coccidiosis Bloody enteritis,
dehydration,
anorxia
Applied proper
anticoccidial
Mycoplasosis Hacking cough, Apply proper
