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- 1. 1 Introduction toIndigenous Creative Crafts Introduction Throughout Philippine history, craftsmanship and its different forms have always been prevalent. The Filipinos have an innate inclination to create, exemplifying the state of being engaged in their craft and taking a sense of joy and pride in their work. The Filipino craftsman dedicates himself to his art and telling the story of the Philippines, bearing its truest essence-its soul for the world to see. Blessed with natural resources, Filipino craftsmen are able to come-up with a magnificent product that tells a million story not just about their lives but the culture of their place. Clearly, this reflects Filipino crafts that magnify labors of love and patience. These are evident in the products of their skillful hands and imaginative minds. Creative crafts in the Philippines do not only satisfy our senses, but each artwork speaks of the passion and active involvement of the artists in visualizing, connecting, and appreciating the culture and the creative manipulation of the objects around. Do you have what it takes to become a craftsman? In this chapter you will learn the brief overview of Philippine Arts and Crafts and its significance and relationship to the Hospitality Course. It is then expected that you will be able to find yourself become an agent of this culture- filled journey. As you will come to know more of these arts and crafts, be ready to become your most creative self for you will be creating your own handicraft. This journey transcends beyond “knowing” history or “applying” discussed topics, rather, it is an “awakening” of your soul in taking responsibility to promote, conserve, and develop Philippine indigenous creative crafts. Are you ready to take these responsibilities? Learning Outcomes At the end of the unit, you should be able to: 1. Describe the indigenous creative crafts in the Philippines;
- 2. 2. Discuss thesignificance and relationship of indigenous arts and crafts to the Hospitality Course; and 3. Develop a sense of responsibility in promoting and conserving the Philippine culture through arts and crafts. Activating Prior Knowledge How CREATIVE are you? Make a creative ACROSTIC using your first name. Express your thoughts and expectations regarding this subject. Be creative! R- H- E- I- N- Z- Expand your IDEAS! Note as many words as you can associate to the terms inside the circles below. INDIGENOUS PRODUCTS CRAFTS ARTS
- 3. TOPIC 1: BriefOverview of Philippine Arts and Crafts Learning Objectives At the end of this the topic, you should be able to: 1. Identify the different types of traditional Arts and Crafts in the Philippines; 2. Make a presentation on any of the sub-topics of the brief overview of Philippine Arts and Crafts; and 3. Develop a sense of hard work and craftsmanship through a simple craft creation. Presentation of the Content Arts and Crafts in the Philippines refer to the various forms of the arts that have developed and accumulated in the Philippines from the beginning of civilization in the country up to the present era. They reflect the range of artistic influences on the country's culture, including indigenous forms of the arts, and how these influences have honed the country's arts. The traditional arts in the Philippines encompass folk architecture, maritime transport, weaving, carving, folk performing arts, folk (oral) literature, folk graphic and plastic arts, ornament, textile, or fiber art, pottery, and other artistic expressions of traditional culture. Folk Architecture Folk architecture in the Philippines differ significantly per ethnic group, where the structures can be made of bamboo, wood, rock, coral, rattan, grass, and other materials. These abodes can range from the hut-style bahay kubo which utilizes vernacular mediums in construction, the highland houses called bale that may have four to eight sides, depending on the ethnic association.
- 4. Bahay kubo-style MabiniHouse Daru Jambangan (Palace of Flowers), the royal residence of the ruler of the Tausug Bahay na bato houses in Intramuros, Manila Dakay house, the oldest surviving coral houses in the Philippines still used today (c. 1887) Maritime Transport
- 5. A balangay reconstruction Alarge karakoa outrigger warship, 1711 Maritime transport in the Philippines includes boat houses, boat-making, and maritime traditions. These structures, traditionally made of wood chosen by elders and craftsfolks, were used as the main vehicles of the people, connecting one island to another, where the seas and rivers became the people's roads. Although boats are believed to have been used in the archipelago for thousands of years since the arrival of humans through water, the earliest evidence of boat-making and the usage of boats in the country continues to be dated as 320 AD through the carbon-dating of the Butuan boats that are identified as remains of a gigantic balangay.
- 6. An owong atLake Sebu A paraw in Palawan Weaving Weaving is an ancient art form that continue in the Philippines today, with each ethnic group having their distinct weaving techniques. The weaving arts are composed of basket weaving, back-strap loom weaving, headgear weaving, fishnet weaving, and other forms of weaving. Cloth and mat weaving Expensive textiles are made through the intricate and difficult process called back-strap looming. Fibers such as Cotton, abaca, banana fiber, grass, and palm fiber are used in the Filipino weaving arts.
- 7. A double ikatmat from Sulu T'nalak Binakol
- 8. Various rice basketsFilipino tobacco basket Basketry The fine art of basket weaving in the Philippines has developed intricate designs and forms directed for specific purposes such as harvesting, rice storage, travel package, sword case, and so on. The art is believed to have arrived in the archipelago due to human migration, where those at the north were the first to learn the art form. Carving The art of carving in the Philippines focuses on woodcarving and folk non-clay sculptures. Woodcarving Indigenous woodcarving is one of the most notable traditional arts in the Philippines, with some crafts in various ethnic groups date back prior to Hispanic arrival with perhaps the oldest surviving today are fragments of a wooden boat dating to 320 AD.
- 9. Kulintang from Mindanao Bululgods Stone, ivory, and other carvings Stone carving is a priced art form in the Philippines, even prior to the arrival of Western colonizers, as seen in the stone likha and larauan or tao-tao crafts of the natives. These items usually represents either an ancestor or a deity who aids the spirit of a loved one to go into the afterlife properly. Stone carvings at the facade of Miagao Church, world heritage site and a National Cultural Treasure Carved marbles from Romblon
- 10. Folk graphic andplastic arts The fields under folk graphic and plastic arts are tattooing, folk writing, and folk drawing and painting. Folk writing (calligraphy) The Philippines has numerous indigenous scripts collectively called as suyat, each of which has their own forms and styles of calligraphy. Various ethno-linguistic groups in the Philippines prior to Spanish colonization in the 16th century up to the independence era in the 21st century have used the scripts with various mediums. By the end of colonialism, only four of the suyat scripts survived and continue to be used by certain communities in everyday life. Folk paintings Folk paintings, like folk drawings, are works of art that usually include depictions of folk culture. Evidences suggest that the people of the archipelago have been painting and glazing their potteries for thousands of years. Pigments used in paintings range from gold, yellow, reddish purple, green, white, blue-green, to blue. Ornament, textile, or fiber art Ornament, textile, or fiber art includes a variety of fields, ranging from hat- making, mask-making, accessory-making, to ornamental metal crafts, and many others. Hat-making, mask-making, and related arts Hat-making is a fine art in many communities throughout the country, with the gourd-based tabungaw of Abra and Ilocos being one of the most prized. Indigenous Filipino hats were widely used in the daily lives of the people until the 20th century when they were replaced by Western-style hats. They are currently worn during certain occasions, such as festivals, rituals, or in theatre The art of mask creation is both an indigenous and imported tradition, as certain communities have mask-making practices prior to colonization, while some mask-making traditions were introduced through trade from parts of Asia and the West. Today, these masks are worn mostly during festivals, Moriones Festival, and MassKara Festival.
- 11. Manunggul Jar from Palawan(890–710 BC), a National Cultural Treasure Maitum Anthropomorphic Burial Jar No. 13 (5 BC-370 AD), a National Cultural Treasure Accessory-making Accessories in the Philippines are almost always worn with their respective combination of garments, with some being used as accessories for houses, altars, and other objects. Pottery The art of pottery, categorized into ceramic making, clay pot-making, and folk clay sculpture, has long been a part of various cultures in the Philippines, with evidence pointing to a pottery culture dating around 3,500 years ago. Important pottery artifacts from the Philippines include the Manunggul Jar (890-710 BCE) and the Maitum anthropomorphic pottery (5 BC-225 AD). Application A. In your own words, briefly discuss the following terms in 2 sentences.
- 12. Philippine Art Indigenouswoodcarving Weaving folk graphic Folk architecture Pottery B. Complete the table. Consider researching on the crafts listed in the first column of the table and identify the type of traditional art they belong including its brief description. ART/CRAFT TYPE OF TRADITIONAL ART Description Kawayan Torogan Coral houses Banaue Rice Terraces modernized falua Rayon Malong Vakul Standing bulul The Mother's Revenge (1894) Ilongot hair ornament Bas relief Feedback A. With any resources available in your location, make your own handicraft that can be done in small amount of time. Afterwhich, evaluate yourself and your output by answering the following questions: 1. What difficulties did you encounter? 2. What skills have you acquired? 3. Why do hard work and craftsmanship play a very important role in making handicraft? 4. What is your message to our Filipino craftsmen? You will be graded according to this rubric:
- 13. Advanced 25 Proficient 20 Moderate 15 Below Basic 10 Understanding 25 pts AdvancedProficient Moderate Below Basic Demonstration that instructions and concepts are understood. The artwork is planned carefully; understanding of most concepts and instructions is shown. The art work is planned adequately; understanding of some concepts and instructions shown. The artwork shows little evidence of understanding the concepts and instructions. The artwork shows no understanding of the concepts and instructions. Craftsmanship/ Skill 25 pts Neatness, precision, care. Advanced The artwork shows good craftmanship, with some attention to detail. Proficient The artwork shows average craftmanship and attention to detail. Moderate The artwork shows below average craftmanship and little attention to detail. Below Basic The artwork shows poor craftmanship and no attention to detail. Creativity/ Originality 25 pts Inventiveness, expression of ideas and imagination. Advanced The artwork demonstrates some personal expression and logical problem solving skills. Proficient The artwork demonstrates an average amount of personal expression. Moderate The artwork demonstrates little personal expression and problem solving skills. Below Basic The artwork lacks evidence of personal expression. Effort 25 pts Advanced Proficient Moderate Below Basic What it takes to finish the project as well as possible, time dedicated to the project inside and/or out of class. The student put forth the effort required to complete the project well; used class time well. The student put forth the effort required to finish the project; used class time adequately. The student put forth the effort required to finish the project; usedclass time adequately. The student put forth no effort or the project was not completed; class time was not used well. B. VIDEO PRESENTATION 1. Choose any sub-topic from this chapter and research more information about it. Present your output through an informative 5-minute video report (creative vlog). 2. Include your accomplishments from Activity A in the said vlog. Upload your outputs in your Facebook Account, don’t forget to tag your teacher. Use the #PhilArtsOverView You will be graded according to this rubric:
- 14. TOPIC 2: Significanceand Relationship of Indigenous Arts and Crafts to the Hospitality Course Advanced 10 pts Proficient 9 pts Developing 7 pts Beginning 5 pts Contribution Advanced Participates beyond the required number of postings, including discussion on other students' posts. Proficient Participates, but does not post anything that encourages others to respond. Participates with the required number of postings. Responds to questions from others when present. Developing Participates, but does not meet the minimum number of posts. Few to no discussion or comments with others. Some comments to other or response to questions. Beginning Posting is less than 50% complete or posting does not further any discussions. No response to classmate's posting or questions. Content Quality Advanced Appropriate, engaging, reflective, and respectful to others. Vlogs are in-depth, analytical, reflective, make a point and make connections beyond the text. Proficient Appropriate and respectful to others. Vlogs have a purpose or main topic about reading and is reflective. Developing Vlogs and comments done, but lacks engagement, analysis or substantial reflection, or may be off topic. Beginning Vlogs not engaging, are irrelevant, or are difficult to follow in meaning. Speech & Grammar Advanced Vlog has originality and flair, emphasizing important points; contains no errors in grammar. Proficient Speech is fluent. Vlog may contain one or two errors in grammar; errors do not impede viewer's understanding. Developing Vlog may contain several errors in grammar; errors may impede viwer's understanding. Speech lack fluency. Beginning Vlog may contain significant errors in grammar; errors may cause confusion for the viewer. Speech is choppy without complete sentences or clear topic. References & Support Advanced Consistently uses direct references to outside sources to support thoughts. Uses MLA citations correctly. Proficient Incorporates some references from outside sources, but may not be consistent. Errors in MLA citation. Developing Discusses references from outside sources in a general way, but doesn't use specific references. Beginning Includes no references or supporting evidence.
- 15. Learning Objectives At theend of this the topic, you should be able to: 1. Discuss the significance and relationship of indigenous creative arts and crafts to the Hospitality Course; and 2. Make a promotional poster regarding the significance and relationship of indigenous creative arts and crafts to the Hospitality Course. Presentation of the Content Indigenous creative Arts and Crafts to the Hospitality Course: Opening doors of opportunity for the Students The Hospitality Course is known for its vast paced of innovation that requires a large amount of creativity in many forms. Through these indigenous creative arts and crafts, hospitality students get to experience an opportunity that allows them to explore different culture, examine different form of arts, and portray appreciation to craftsmanship. This widely supports their personal, social, moral, spiritual, cultural and creative development, and enables them to engage with and explore visual, tactile and other sensory experiences and how to recognize and communicate ideas and meanings. These opportunities enable them to work with traditional and new media, so that they develop confidence, competence, imagination and creativity. Through these opportunities, they learn to appreciate and value images and artifacts across times and cultures, and to understand the contexts in which they were made. Experiences in art, craft and design enable them to learn how to reflect critically on their own and others’ work. They learn to think and act as artists, makers and designers, working creatively and intelligently. They develop an appreciation of and engagement in art, craft and design as critical consumers and audiences and an understanding of its role in the creative and cultural industries that shape and enrich their lives. Indigenous creative Arts and Crafts to the Hospitality Course: Promoting Culture through Tourism In return, as students will “explore different culture, examine different form of arts, and portray appreciation to craftsmanship”, a certain indigenous art can be known throughout the world that will inevitably pave the promotion of culture and other products of a certain locale.
- 16. Significance ? ? ? Relationship ? Art and craftis considered to be an integral part of the tourism business, since it plays an important role as souvenirs and mementos, thereby spatially and temporarily expanding the visitor experience. It is also increasingly looked upon as an opportunity to diversify the tourism sector offerings, as well as the broader economic base. It links directly to the tourism sector as a source of supply of functional items used in the hospitality sector. Indigenous arts and crafts served to enhance the intrinsic value of local art and craft to international visitors. This is because local art and craft maintain the quality of uniqueness, and represent an innate connection to the heritage and culture of the destination, as well as the indigenous knowledge and craftsmanship of local artisans. In many places, crafts such as textiles and art contribute greatly to the culture of a destination and the travel experience. Crafts can be an important contributor to a country’s economy, employing artisans that are preserving cultural heritage, while generating an important source of income through the informal sector. The tourism industry provides an important export market for a host of craft products. For example, hotels and restaurants demand diverse craft products in order to furnish and equip their establishments. Tourists often set a budget for themselves expecting to buy different products to take home as souvenirs. These souvenirs then serve as tourism marketing tools by telling a story of the destination and adding to the travel experience. Application A. In your own words, briefly discuss the significance and relationship of indigenous arts and crafts to the Hospitality Course. Make use of the graphical organizers below.
- 17. ? ? 4 3 2 THE R O 1LE OF HOSPITALITY COURSE IN PROMOTING CULTURE B. What is the role of Hospitality Course in promoting culture through indigenous art and crafts? Use the graphical organizer below.
- 18. Feedback A. Photo essay. FirstPicture- your picture. Introduce yourself and explain why you have chosen hospitality as your course. Second Picture- your locality. Tell something about your town, its distinct culture. Third Picture- indigenous arts and crafts available in your area (downloadable). Tell something about these products. Fourth Picture- your vision of your town and its indigenous products. Discuss briefly. Fifth Picture- your role in promoting culture. Be creative in electing a photo and explain your role as a student in the Hospitality Course in promoting Philippine indigenous art and crafts. Rubric: Exemplary 4 pts Proficient 3 pts Emerging 2 pts Developing 1 pt Visual Text 40 % Exemplary Proficient Emerging Developing (photographs/images) All of the images are appropriate to the topic, evocative, visually captivating, and show unique perspectives of the theme. Most of the images are appropriate to the topic, evocative, visually captivating, and show unique perspectives of the theme. Some of the images are appropriate to the topic, evocative, visually captivating, and show unique perspectives of the theme. Few of the images are appropriate to the topic, evocative, visually captivating, and show unique perspectives of the theme. Typography & Semantics 20 % Exemplary Title and captions compliment the images and work Proficient Title and captions compliment the images and often work Emerging Title and captions sometimes compliment the images but Developing Title and captions seldom compliment the images and do not work
- 19. (the meaning, arrangement, and appearanceof printed matter) together harmoniously to reinforce the theme consistently. together to reinforce the theme. inconsistently work together to reinforce the theme. together to reinforce the theme. Organization 20 % Exemplary Proficient Emerging Developing (how the various elements are organized) Presentation includes student name and the photo story title. Each slide includes an image and accompanying text. Photos are carefully sequenced to build emotion and communicate thematically. Presentation includes student name and the photo story title. Each slide includes an image and accompanying text. Photos create emotion and communicate thematically. Presentation includes student name and the photo story title. Each slide includes an image and accompanying text. Photos create emotion and represent subject matter. Presentation includes student name and the photo story title. Each slide includes an image and accompanying text. Photos inconsistently create emotion and may veer from subject matter. Overall Impression/Aesthetic Effect 10 % (the overall psychological response to the photo essay as a work of artistic rhetoric) Exemplary Photo essay evokes strong emotion and evidences creativity. The presentation as a whole is aesthetically harmonious. Proficient Photo essay often evokes emotion and evidences creativity. The presentation as a whole is aesthetically pleasing. Emerging Photo essay occastionally evokes emotion and evidences some creativity. The presentation as a whole is aesthetically pleasing. Developing Photo essay inconsistently evokes emotion and evidences little creativity. The presentation as a whole is spits in the face of aesthetics. Theme 10 % Exemplary Proficient Emerging Developing (the universal insight that is communicated by the essay) Theme is clear and well- developed throughout entire photo essay. Theme is clear and well-developed throughout most of the photo essay. Theme is clear and well-developed throughout some of the photo essay. Theme is unclear or not well-developed throughout the photo essay. B. Make a poster about the the significance and relationship of indigenous creative arts and crafts to the Hospitality Course. Rubric: Advanced 4 pts Proficient 3 pts Needs Improvement 2 pts Failing 1 pt Content Knowledge Advanced The poster includes all information relevant to the topic. The poster is creative, clear and concise. Proficient Poster includes all relevant information; however, it is not very well-organized or easily understood. Needs Improvement Poster does not have all of the relevant information. Information is presented in an unorganized fashion and may be hard to understand. Failing The poster does not include the required information.
- 20. Work quality/effort Advanced Thework done exceeds all expectations and shows that the learner is proud of his/her work. The effort that was put into this task is the best it can be by the learner. Proficient The work was done with good effort that shows what the learner is capable of. It is evident that time was put into this poster and presentation. Needs Improvement Work is done with fair effort, but the quality is still not what the learner is capable of. It is evident that the work was rushed. Failing Work is done with little effort, quality is not what the learner is capable of. It is evident that the work was rushed and little time was spent on the final product. Work is incomplete. Creativity Advanced Eye catching. Great use of colors, texture, shapes, and spacing on poster. Artwork is the students own & is neat. Writing is easy to read. Shows the student can express ideas through art. Proficient Contains students own writing and drawing. Lots of colors, shapes, and appealing design. Shows the student spent time creating and designing the poster. Needs Improvement Not very appealing. Limited use of creative materials. Not alot of color/shapes/design. Most of the artwork is the student's own. Failing Lacks original artwork. Does not make good use of space on the poster. Messy. Lacks color. Format Advanced Poster is of exceptional quality and presentation. Nothing hanging or falling off. Proficient Poster is correct size, clean and neatly displayed. No items falling off. Needs Improvement Poster board is damaged or poorly presented. Some items possibly falling off. Failing Poster is not on required poster board. Pieces/items falling or hanging off. Student Reflect on Learning Do I really understand my role in promoting Philippine indigenous art and crafts? What are the specific things that I can do to actualize this role?
- 21.