English 7 Q1_W1: Analogy

7. STUDY
HOT
WATER
CLASSROOM
LAUGHING

10. ANALOGY
Its Definition and Categories

11. What is analogy?
• An analogy is a statement of comparison between
two different things, ideas or concepts.
• It shows a relationship between the words that
are being compared.

12. • To answer an analogy question correctly, a person
has to form a logical relationship, or "bridge"
between two words. He or she must think about
how the words are related and understand that
words can be related in different ways.
• It is, therefore, the task of the person to focus on
the most essential relation, the most basic aspect
of the word’s function or definition.

13. Primary Categories of Relationships
used in Forming Analogies
FUNCTION DEGREE CHARACTERISTIC
CLASSIFICATION
ANTONYMS/
SYNONYMS
PART TO
WHOLE

14. Primary Categories of Relationships
used in Forming Analogies
FUNCTION

15. FUNCTION
• It can be an activity or purpose intended for a thing or a
person to do.
• This relationship is based on the way something
operates or is used.
• It can also be called as purpose analogy.
Example:
Performer is to action as painter is to paint.

16. FUNCTION
Example:
Teacher is to teach as student is to __________.
Dancer is to dance as singer is to ____________.
Parents is to command as children is to ______.
study
sing
obey

17. Primary Categories of Relationships
used in Forming Analogies
FUNCTION DEGREE

18. DEGREE
• It is the extent of which something happens.
• This relationship shows the greater or lesser
amount of intensities of action or description.
Example:
Warm is to hot as cold is to freezing.

19. DEGREE
Example:
Mist is to fog as drizzle is to ______________.
giggle: laugh :: cry: ____________.
hill : mountain :: pond : ______.
storm
sob
lake

20. Primary Categories of Relationships
used in Forming Analogies
FUNCTION DEGREE CHARACTERISTIC

21. CHARATERISTIC
• It is a quality typical to a person or thing. This
indicates the features which are known to be true
to a certain object, person, animals or ideas.
Example:
Bird is to air as fish is to water.

22. CHARACTERISTICS
Example:
Fire is to hot as ice is to _______.
candy : sweet :: bitter gourd: ____________.
ball : round :: door : _____________.
cold
bitter
rectangle

23. Primary Categories of Relationships
used in Forming Analogies
FUNCTION DEGREE CHARACTERISTIC
PART TO
WHOLE

24. PART TO WHOLE
• A fraction represents a whole.
• This explains that all parts of a certain object or even in
a human being are all important. Each of these parts
plays an important role to make the whole thing
functional.
Example:
Fins is to fish as wings is to bird.

25. PART TO WHOLE
Example:
Car is to tire as tree is to ________.
day : hour :: week : ________.
foot : toe :: face : _____________.
leaf
day
eyes

26. Primary Categories of Relationships
used in Forming Analogies
FUNCTION DEGREE CHARACTERISTIC
ANTONYMS/
SYNONYMS
PART TO
WHOLE

27. ANTONYMS/SYNONYMS
• pairs that show an opposite relationship/pairs
that show a similar relationship.
Example:
Happy is to sad as laugh is to cry.
Pretty is to beautiful as ugly is to unattractive.

28. ANTONYMS/SYNONYMS
Example:
Hot is to cold as day is to ________.
system : method :: faith : ________.
first : last :: most : _____________.
night
trust
least

29. Primary Categories of Relationships
used in Forming Analogies
FUNCTION DEGREE CHARACTERISTIC
CLASSIFICATION
ANTONYMS/
SYNONYMS
PART TO
WHOLE

30. CLASSIFICATION
• Identify something into its category.
• This category of analogy will tell us to put together
words, objects, or ideas that belong to the same group
or of the same general identification.
Example:
Flower is to plant as dog is to animal.

31. CLASSIFICATION
Example:
Rose is to flowering as banana is to ____________.
Filipino : Asian :: French : ___________.
juice : liquid :: oxygen : _____________.
fruit bearing
European
gas