Fundamentals of steam boilers part ii (Arabic Edition)

2. ‫ول‬ ‫ا‬ ‫زء‬ ‫ا‬ : ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫را‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫أ‬ (Arabic
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‫ا‬ ‫زء‬ ‫ا‬ : ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫را‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫أ‬ (Arabic
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Fundamentals of Steam
Boilers
Part II
Ñóß„—
±©çìãߍ
©ó̳©ã£ãêßû©‘Ëò»×
by
Engineer
Qusay Abdulelah Mohammed Saeed

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:
qusay.steamboiler@gmail.com
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17. ò
Acknowledgments
A book of this size in three parts would not have been possible
without the support of several friends and well-wishers, Thank
you so much.
I am infinitely grateful to number of renowned companies,
organizations, manufacturers, leaders in their respective fields
and individuals for their liberal assistance, technical information,
web sites , support during the preparation of topics of this book
and some of them have lent help by allowing their wonderful
pictures to be incorporated, which greatly enhances the utility of
this book also. They deserve the special Acknowledgment.
Any author feels happy when he can openly acknowledge and
record such generosity.
I wish to once again thank my friends and formers below for the
trust they showed in me and for continued cooperation.
but I cannot assume responsibility for the validityof all materials
or the consequences of their use.I have attempted to trace the
copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication
and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this
form has not been obtained.
1. Aalborg Industries
2. Armstrong International

18. ó
3. ATTSU steam boilers(Mr. Antoni Jové Ràfols)
4. Babcock Wilcox Company
5. Bass Electronics, Inc.(Mr. Bill Bass)
6. Bosch Industriekessel GmbH (Mr. Akcicek Zulfiye and Mr. Inal
Daghan)
7. Bright source Energy
8. BRIL Inc.
9. Cain Industries, Inc.
10. Changzhou baoyi mech. elec. instrument co. ltd
11. Cleaver-brooks Co.( Miss Elizabeth Brown)
12. Clyde Bergemann GmbH
13. Coen Company, Inc.
14. Daura Refinery library
15. Delta Kamerasysteme (Mr. Hubert Stein GM)
16. Eaton Hydraulics LLC
17. ECOMB AB (Mr. Magnus Lagerström)
18. Erensan boilers (MR.Tamer ùENER)
19. Foster Wheeler Corporation.
20. FUEL EFFICIENCY, LLC
21. GE Energy

19. ô
22. Hamada boiler
23. Hurst BOILER and WELDING. Co. INC.(Representative by
Morex, International, Iraq ,Mr. Shlimon Zaya)
24. IMO pump
25. Jenike Johanson
26. JX Nippon Oil Energy (Mr. Megumi Mizutani and Mr.Fumio
Tanaka)
27. Lenox Instrument Company, Inc.(Mr. Hugh O’Donnell)
28. LESER safety valves (Representative by Al-Hadil Co. for
General Trading,Jordan)
29. Miss Terri Close
30. Mr. Lars Josefsson
31. Naco-san (Ms.Mayumi Nakaya)
32. NPJ Boilers Inc.(Mr. Pierre H. Vidal and Mr.Akbar
DEHGHANZAD)
33. PG Environmental Thermal Technologies LLC
34. Pump school
35. Rosemount Analytical Group
36. ScienceDirec
37. Sound Blast Sonic Power Co. Ltd.(Mr. Terry Tam )
38. Spirax Sarco

20. õ
39. System Separation Sweden AB(Mr. Björn Forsberg)
40. Technology Transfer Services(Miss Jennifer Ciurla)
41. THE NEW YORK BLOWER CO.(Mr. William Kelly)
42. Thermax
43. Thomas C. Wilson, Inc.(Mr. Amar Beninal)
44. TLV INTERNATIONAL, INC.(Mr. Yoshiyasu Fujiwara, Mr.
Takaharu Nakashima and Ms. Nicole Randall).
45. VERMEER PROCESS CO.( Mr.Theo de Goede)
46. Viking Pump Inc.(Mr. Trent Schultz )
47. Weishaupt Corporation
48. www. Engineering Toolbox.com
49. York-Shipley Global(Representative by Iraq Technical Support
Co. ,Mr.Zaid Abdul Lafta Enayatullah)
50. YOSHIMINE CO., LTD

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)5-8-2(Ս­—£ûÝãŽÛߍ­óÏíÝãŽÛߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXõð
)5-8-3(Ս­—£ûòߎ›ãߍPerfect CombustionXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXõô
)5-8-4(Ž‘³÷ò—ߍÝÌŸ—Ս­—£û­óÐߍÝãŽÛ탭óÐߍ᎗­óϏíÏ­ãêóÓXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíìò
)ñ-õ(Ž³£“­­£ß”Ÿ—ŽçߍåãՍ­—£ûXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíìó
)5-9-1(“­­£Õ­—£û,š}(}uµš]}vXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíìó
)5-9-2(”ãóØߍ”󭍭£ßï­Ð»ßEš,š]vPsoµXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíìó
)5-10(•Ž‘àÁ—ãՍ­—£û”ó‹Žó¯óÔߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíìô
)ñ-íí(ïŽó¯óÓՍ­—£ûê—üËŽÔ—íXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXííï
)5-11-1(”óàãËՍ­—£û”óàÌÔߍ©í×íß•­Ÿ£—ãߍ)ñ­íÔ£û)(•Ž›£—³ãߍ(XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXííï
)5-11-2(Õ­Áߍ”ó‹Žó¯Ôߍխ£ß©í×í•Ž›£—³ãߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXííð
)5-12(•Ž‘Ž³£Õ­—£ûXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXííñ
)5-12-1(”à›ãƒÝí£Õ­—£©í×íߍà»ßÝ‹Ž³ßí:XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXííò
)5-12-1-1(ÝŽ›ãá×­)1(XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXííò
)5-12-1-2(ÝŽ›ãá×­)2(XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXííõ
)5-13(ïíìߍ©‹¯ß(Excess Air)XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíîî
)5-13-2(ÝŽ›ãá×­)1(XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíîò
)ñ-íð(­ó›„—©Žã­ß•ó­‘ÛߍíòÓ©í×íߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíîó
)5-14-1(­ó›„—©Žã­ßThe Effect of AshXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíîô
)5-14-2(­ó›„—•ó­‘ÛߍEffect of SulfurXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíïî
)ñ-íñ(”篍íã“­­£ß,šovXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíïñ
)5-15-1(ÝŽ›ãá×­)1(XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíïó
)5-15-2(ÝŽ›ãá×­)2(XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíðì
Ý»Ôߍ±©Ž³ßXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíðí
•©ÌãՍ­—£ûXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíðí
)ò-í(”ã©Øã/všŒ}µš]}vXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíðî
)ò-î(”Ÿ­©“­­£©ŽØ—û/Pv]š]}vdu‰ŒšµŒXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíðî

24. }všvšdo}(µvuvšo^šu}]oŒWŒš//}}l
íï
)ò-ï(©í©£”óà‘Ž×ÝŽÌ—·û/v(ouu]o]šÇ]u]šXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíðî
)ò-ð(ìàߍouXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíðï
)ò-ñ(”Ë­³ìàߍ~ou^‰퍭Ž·—獏ìàߍ~ouWŒ}‰Pš]}vXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíðñ
)ò-ò(”‘³ç½óÔ§—ߍ)ÑóÔ§—ߍ(Õ­Ž£ãàßXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíðò
)ò-ó(ïíìߍòßí÷ñí玛ߍíXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíðó
)6-8(Ս­—£©í×íߍà»ßXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíðô
)6-8-1(‰©Ž‘ãÕ­£©í×íߍà»ßXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíðô
)6-8-2(©×íãߍStokersXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíðõ
)6-8-3(áëÝãíÌߍò—ߍ­›…—ðàËՍ­—£©í×íߍà»ßòө׍íãߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíñí
)6-8-4(ɍíçƒå­Óƒ©×íãߍStocker Furnace TypesXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíñî
)6-8-4-1(”Û‘·ß”à³à³ãߍ”Û‘·ßí”Û­£—ãߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíñî
)6-8-4-2(”Û‘·ß“¯—ìãߍ(Vibrating Grate)XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíñï
)6-8-4-3(å­Ôßí«”ó«Ð—ߍ”óàԳߍUnder Feed StokerXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíññ
)6-8-4-4(å­Ôßí«”ó«Ð—ߍ”·í­Ôãߍ(Spreader Stoker)XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíñó
)6-8-5(Ս­—£•ŽØ‘Áߍ”à§à§ãߍFluidized Bed CombustionXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíñô
)6-8-6(Õ­Ž£ã©í×íߍà»ßSolid Fuel BurnersXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíòí
)6-8-6-1(á£ÔߍÕí£³ãߍPulverized CoalXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíòí
)6-8-6-2(•©Ìã©í×íߍÕí£³ãߍEquipment'sPulverized CoalXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíòï
)6-8-6-3(ɍí烕ŽØ£Ž³íƒå£ŽÁãá£ÔߍCoal Pulverizer TypesXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíòó
)6-8-6-3-1(”çí£ŽÁ•ŽØà£ß•­ÛߍíBall-and-Ring PulverizerXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíòó
)6-8-6-3-2(”çí£ŽÁ•ŽçíÁ³÷”óç©ÌãߍRoll Wheel PulverizerXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíóì
)6-8-6-4(Žó¯ãá£ÔߍÕí£³ãߍPulverized Coal AdvantagesXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíóí
)6-8-6-5(íóËá£ÔߍÕí£³ãߍPulverized Coal DisadvantagesXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíóí
)6-8-7(á덕¯óããÕ­Ž£ã©í×íߍà»ß”ç­ŽØã©×íãߎ‘XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíóî
)6-8-8(‰íŽ³ãߍ”ó³ó‹­ßÕ­Ž£ãß©í×íߍà»ß”ÓŽ¿ðߍŽã­Û«XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíóî
)6-8-9(ɍíç÷”ó³ó‹­ßå­Ó÷å󧳗ߍò—ߍÝãÌ—³—Õ­Ž£ãÕí£³ã©í×íߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíóî
)6-8-9-1(å­Ôߍí«Õ­Ž£ãߍ”ó©íãÌߍVertical Fired FurnaceXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíóî
)6-8-9-2(å­Ôߍí«Õ­Ž£ãߍ”óØÓûHorizontal Fired FurnaceXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíóñ
)6-8-9-3(å­Ôߍí«Õ­—£û³ŽããߍòTangential Fired FurnaceXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíóó
)6-8-9-4(å­ÓÕ­£ß©Ž¿ãߍOpposite Fire FurnaceXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíôí
)6-8-9-5(å­Ôߍòçí¯à£ßCyclone FurnaceXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíôî
)6-9(”ãÅçÕ­£©í×íߍ݋Ž³ßXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíôò
)6-9-1(Ñ‹ŽÅíÕ­Ž£ã©í×íߍ݋Ž³ß.XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíôó

25. •Žóí—£ãߍÝí©Ÿò玛ߍﯟߍ”󭎧‘ߍݟ­ãߍ•Žó³Ž³Ž—Û
íð
)6-9-2(Õ­Ž£ã­ó§‘—ߍVaporizing BurnersXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíôó
)6-9-3(Õ­Ž£ã”󭫗ߍAtomizing BurnersXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíôô
)6-9-4(”󭫗ߍ”óÛóçŽÛóãߍMechanical AtomizingXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíôô
)6-9-4-1(Õ­Ž£ãÕŽ›‘çû”Á³í‘Áпߍ(Pressure Jet Burner)XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíôô
)6-9-4-1-1(á덕¯óã㍫ëÉíçߍåãÕ­Ž£ãߍ”ç­ŽØãÕ­Ž£ã‘”󭫗ߍ”Á³í‘Ê‹íãߍ.XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíõî
)6-9-4-1-2(‰íŽ³ã«ëÉíçߍåãÕ­Ž£ãߍ”ç­ŽØãÕ­Ž£ã‘”󭫗ߍ”Á³í‘Ê‹íãߍ)«§„ãߍ(”󳎳û:XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíõî
)6-9-4-2(Õ­£ãÁí­§ãߍ)±„Ûߍ(­í©ß(Rotary Cup Burners)XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíõñ
)6-9-5(”󭫗ߍ”Á³í‘Ê‹íãߍAtomization by FluidsXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXíõó
)6-9-5-1(”󭫗ߍ”Á³í‘ïíìߍAir AtomizingXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîìì
)6-9-5-2(”󭫗ߍ”Á³í‘­Ž§‘ïŽãߍSteam AtomizingXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîìî
)6-9-5-3(‰íŽ³ã፩§—³­Ž§‘ïŽãߍ”ó­«—àßXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîìò
)6-9-6(•©Ìãߍ“©ËŽ³ãߍխŽ£ãß©í×íߍ݋Ž³ßXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîìó
)6-9-6-1(•Žç¯§©í×íߍFuel TanksXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîìô
)6-9-6-2(•Ž§¿ãߍPumpsXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîíî
)6-9-6-2-1(•Ž§¿ãߍ”ó³‘ÛãߍPiston PumpXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîíð
)6-9-6-2-2(•Ž§¿ãߍ”ó獭í©ßRotary PumpsXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîíð
)6-9-6-3(•Ž£·­ãߍòÓŽ»ãߍíStrainers and FiltersXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîîí
)6-9-6-4(•û©Ž‘ãå󧳗©í×íߍFuel Heat ExchangersXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîîï
)6-9-6-5(ÁíÁ§ó‘Žçûðߍåãí卯§ßðߍíÕ­Ž£ãߍÊãáŽÅç“­Áó³ßXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîîñ
)6-9-6-6(”ãíÅçãÕ£©íãߍ”ç³£ãߍ©í×íàßXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîîó
)6-9-6-7(”ó߁ÝãË•ŽÁ‘›ãÝÛ‚—ߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîîõ
)6-9-6-8(”ãíÅçãåØ£•ŽÁ‘›ãߍðߍ•ó¯©í×íߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîïð
)6-9-6-9(©‹íÓ፩§—³•Žç³£ãߍ탕ŽÁ‘›ãÝÛ‚—ߍ•ó¯ß©í×íߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîïó
)6-10(Õ­Ž£ã©í×íߍñ¯ŽÐߍFuel gas burnersXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîïó
)6-10-1(Õ­Ž£ãߍ”ó‹íëüߍNon-aerated BurnerXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîïô
)6-10-2(Õ­Ž£ãߍ”ó‹íìߍAerated BurnerXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîïô
)6-10-2-1(ÝËŽ·ã¯ŽÏÁпߍŠÁíߍLow Pressure Gas BurnersXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîïô
)6-10-2-2(ÝËŽ·ã¯ŽÏÁпߍòߎÌߍHigh Pressure Gas BurnersXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîïõ
)6-11(­Žó—£³ß(Draught)XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîðí
)6-11-1(Ñ×í—óí­©Øã­Žó—ïíìߍá¯üߍðàËŽãòàó:XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîðí
)6-11-2(á³Ø—•­Žó—£³ßðߍåóÔç»:XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîðî
)6-12(姍©ãߍ”ó‹Žç‘ߍ姍©ãߍí”óç©ÌãߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîðî
)6-12-1(Ñ×헗픣Ž³ãߍ”ó£Á³ß”óÓŽ»ß”秩ãàßðàËŽãòàó:XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîðï

26. }všvšdo}(µvuvšo^šu}]oŒWŒš//}}l
íñ
)ò-íï(­Žó—£³ßòÛóçŽÛóãߍ~DZv]oŒµPZšXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîðò
)6-13-1(­Žó—£³ßñ­ó›„—ߍ(Induced Draught)XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîðô
)6-13-2(­Žó—£³ßñ­»Øߍ(Forced Draught)XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîñì
)6-13-3(­Žó—£³ßå¯í—ãߍ(Balanced Draught)XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîñî
)6-14(¡í­ãߍ(Fans)XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîñï
)6-14-1(¡í­ã•«Žó³çñ­í£ãAxial Flow FanXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîñï
)6-14-2(¡í­ã©­Áߍñ¯Û­ãCentrifugal Fans.XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîñò
)6-14-2-1(¡í­ãߍ•«¡íߍà»ßSteel Plate FanXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîñõ
)6-14-2-2(¡í­ãߍ•«µŽó­û“©©Ì—ãߍMulti-blade FanXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîòì
)6-14-3(•Ž£àÁ»ãߍ”Ì‘—ãߍòӡ퍭ãߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîòï
)ò-íñ(ÑóÅç—ÝŸ­ãߍñ­Ž§‘ߍ^šu}]oŒov]vPXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîòñ
)ò-íò(ÑóÅ痏ó‘ŽçÝŸ­ãó‘ŽçïŽãߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîòò
)6-16-1(ÑóÅç—ߍòŸ­Ž§ßÝŸ­ãߏó‘ŽçƒïŽãߍW.T.boiler External cleaningXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîòò
)6-16-1-1(•Ž§ÓŽçᎧ³ßŽìˍíçƒíSoot Blowers TypesXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîòò
)6-16-1-2(•ŽçíÛ㔧ӎçᎧ³ß“­í»‘”ãŽËGeneral Sootblower ComponentsXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîòõ
)6-16-1-3(ɍí烎§ÓŽç•áŽ§³ßÝŸ­ãߏó‘ŽçƒïŽãߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîóï
)6-16-1-3-1(•Ž§ÓŽçᎧ³ß”—‘Ž›ß“©©Ì—ã•ŽëíÔߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîóï
)6-16-1-3-2(•Ž§ÓŽçᎧ³ß“­í©ß“©©Ì—ã•ŽëíÔߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîóñ
)6-16-1-3-3(•Ž§ÓŽçᎧ³ß”ó‘Ž£³çûXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîóô
)6-16-1-3-4(”§ÓŽç©Žã­ßÉíç”Ó­ŸãߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîôð
)6-16-1-4(¦ÔçᎧ³ßò۫ߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîôó
)6-16-1-5(”§ÓŽçᎧ³ß”ó‘Ž£³çû”ó۫ߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîõî
)6-16-1-6(•Ž§ÓŽçᎧ³ß”ó—í»ßSonic Soot BlowersXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîõñ
)6-16-1-6-1(”óÛóçŽÛóã¦ÔçᎧ³ßò—í»ßXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîõó
)6-16-1-6-2(•Žã©§—³•Ž§ÓŽçᎧ³ß”ó—í»ßXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXîõõ
)6-16-1-6-3(©‹íÓ¦ÔçᎧ³ßò—í»ßXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXïìð
)6-16-1-6-4(íóË•Ž§ÓŽçᎧ³ß”ó—í»ßXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXïìð
)6-16-1-6-5(•­í©ÑóÅç—ߍ×ŽÌ—ãߍ“­ó»ØߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXïìñ
)6-16-1-6-6(•ŽçíÛã”ãíÅçã¦ÔçᎧ³ßò—í»ßXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXïìó
)6-16-1-5(ÑóÅç—Ꭷ³ß“¯ìŸ„‘Õ­ÁߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXïìõ
)ò-íò-î(ÑóÅç—ߍò্©ßó‘Žç÷ÝŸ­ãó‘ŽçƒïŽãߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXïíí
)6-16-2-1(”Øó­Áߍ”óÛóçŽÛóãߍMechanical MethodXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXïíí
)6-16-2-2(”Øó­Áߍ”óíŽóãóÛߍChemical MethodXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXïíò

27. •Žóí—£ãߍÝí©Ÿò玛ߍﯟߍ”󭎧‘ߍݟ­ãߍ•Žó³Ž³Ž—Û
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)6-16-2-3(Žó¯ãÑóÅç—ߍñíŽãóÛߍChemical Cleaning AdvantagesXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXïíó
)ò-íó(ÑóÅ痏ó‘ŽçÝŸ­ãó‘Žç­ŽçߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXïíó
)6-17-1(ÑóÅç—ߍò্©ßÝŸ­ãߏó‘Žç­ŽçߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXïíó
)6-17-3(•Ž§ÓŽçᎧ³ßÝŸ­ãߏó‘Žçƒ­ŽçߍXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXïíô
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28. íó
Ê‘­ßÝ»Ôߍ
ɍí烩í×íߍ
Chapter Four
Fuels Types

29. Z‰šŒ}µŒµodlj
íô

30. v-sê—Žäô´Ø—í©î×îߍæË”ãªØã
Žã©Cçûíƒ­ŽÁ·çûŽ‘íƒÕ­£ßŽ‘ŽãƒŽìŸŽ—ç‡åÛã󓭍­£ßì©í×íߍðã³—“­­£ž—ç—ò—ߍ“©Žãߍ
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31. v-tòëí”ô´ô‹­ÉîçƒÊ‘­ð߇©î×îߍâ´Øèó

32. v-t-s•® ¤˜äߍíƒñ®Ô¤ß©î×îߍ ‘••‹Ž

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“©óÔã”󭍭£”׎ÁŽ—ç‡òӔ󳎳ƒ“­í»‘
Ýí©Ÿß

34. á×­-”׎Áߍí©í×íߍɍíçƒåãòãߎÌߍÙüì—³û

35. ©í×íߍɍíçƒÊ‘­ßÝ»Ôߍ
îí

36. á×­Ý۷ߍ-፩§—³”‘à»ß”óˍ­¯ßÝ󻎣ãߍ•ŽÔà§ã
Biomass courtesy of Geldof Recycling

37. v-uŽì—ûŽä̘³í©î×îߍɍîçƒÒôè¼—
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38. ©í×íߍɍíçƒÊ‘­ßÝ»Ôߍ
ñï
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39. v-sròËŽè¼ß©î×îߍ

40. †—•–”‹ƒŽ —‡Ž•

41. ÝCCŸ­ãߍåó§CC³—òCCÓ“©©CCÌ—ã”óËŽçCC»•ûŽCCŸãòCCÓÊCC³íÕŽCCÁçðCCàËòËŽçCC»ß©íCC×íߍᩧ—CC³ó
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©íC×íߍ•ó¯òˎ绩í×í۔󳎳ƒ(Fuel Oils)

42. áC×­ÝÛC·ßòCÓŽCãÛ-•ŽCóãÛ‘é­ÓíC—ß
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43. á×­Ý۷ߍ-©í×íߍ•ó¯å㝫íãç
Courtesy of (en.wikipedia.org)

44. óõ
Ý»Ôߍ±ãŽ§ß
•Ž‘Ž³£Õ­—£û
Chapter Five
Combustion
Calculations

45. Z‰šŒ]À}uµš]}voµoš]}v
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C+O2CO2+Heat ……………... (1)
H2+Ú
Û
O2H2O+ Heat……………….... (2)
S+O2SO2+ Heat…………………………. (3)
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Fuel + Air Heat + Water + Carbon Dioxide + Nitrogen
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)O2x CO2+!
Û
H2O+ Heat
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Ý
)O2 + (x+ !
Ý
)N2 xCO2 + (
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) H2O +3.76(x+ !
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48. á×­Ý۷ߍ-ïíìߍ•ŽçíÛ㏳ç
Air composition courtesy of Thunderbolt Kids

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