The document provides information about the Pap smear test, including its purposes of detecting cervical cancer early, equipment needed, preparation, procedure, interpretation of results, and health education. A Pap smear is a screening test that collects cervical cell samples to test for precancerous or cancerous cells, helping detect cervical cancer early. The document outlines when women should get Pap smears, how the test is performed, and what the results could indicate in terms of cancer risk.

2. PAP SMEAR
TEST

3. CONTENT:
• Introduction
• Purposes
• When to do this?
• Equipment's
• Preparation
• Procedure
• Interpretation
• Health education

4. INTRODUCTION
• A PAP smear(also called as Pap test) is a screening
test for cervical cancer.
• It tests for the presence of precancerous or
cancerous cells on the cervix.
• During a Pap smear, a healthcare provider collects
a sample of cells from the cervix, which is the
lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina.

5. PURPOSES:
• To detect early cancer of the cervix.
• To determine estrogen activity related to
menopause or endocrine abnormalities.

6. WHEN TO DO PAP SMEAR?
• All women have initial pap smear test no
later than 21 years old.
• 3 years after onset of sexual intercourse.
• After initial test, have annually or biannually
• After age 30, because screened for 2-3
years unless has high factor
developing cervical smear.

7. NEEDED EQUIPMENTS:
• Vulva swabbing set
• Vaginal speculum
• Mask
• Torch light
• Perineal drapes

8. CONTD….
• Sterile glove
• Cytobrush
• KY jelly
• Swab sticks for HVS
• Specimen form

9. Vaginal Speculum

10. CYTOBRUSH

11. Ayer's spatula

12. KY jelly

14. PREPARATION BEFORE:
•Nurses should advice patient to make an
appointment other than during
menstruation.
•Before appointment:
Avoid intercourse for 2 days.
Refrain from douching for 1 day
Cease the use of vaginal medication for
at least 48 hours.

15. PRE PROCEDURE
• Inform and explain the procedure to the
patient.
• Avoid patient to void.
• Provide privacy.
• Assistant position lithotomy to her on
examination table.
• Drape patient permit minimal exposure.

16. DURING PROCEDURE
• Explaining the procedure as needed.
• Encourage patient to take deep breaths- help the
pelvic muscles relax
• Give support to the patient.
• Assist Dr. In doing PAP smear.
• Help to open the set.
• Help to focus on torch light to perineal area of the
patient.

17. Insertion
of
speculum

20. POST PROCEDURE:
• Observe any discharge from the vagina
• Perineal care as needed.
• Assist patient for dorsal recumbent /
lithotomy position or
• Documentation
• send the form to the laboratory.

22. INTERPRETATION OF THE
TEST:
• Normal: negative means there is no
identifiable infections.
• Low-grade changes: frequently due
to infection due to HPV, which in some
instances can be risk for a cervical cancer.
• High-grade changes: a very typical cells that
results in cancer.
• Cancer: cancer is an evident and requires
immediate attention.

23. HEALTH EDUCATION
• Tell the patient to inform any excessive
bleeding after the procedure (a little bit
bleeding is normal)
• Instruct the patient to follow up at least
annually or biannually.(depends on the
result).