Rights of consumer as per consumer act.

2. MADE BY : Poojali
CLASS: X

9. • A government may require businesses to disclose detailed
information about products—particularly in areas where safety or
public health is an issue, such as food. Consumer protection is
linked to the idea of consumer rights, and to the formation of
consumer organizations, which help consumers make better
choices in the marketplace and get help with consumer
complaints.
• Other organizations that promote consumer protection include
government organizations and self-regulating business
organizations such as consumer protection agencies and
organizations, the Federal Trade Commission, ombudsmen,
Better Business Bureaus, etc.

11. • Consumer protection law or consumer law is
considered an area of law that regulates private law
relationships between individual consumers and the
businesses that sell those goods and services.
Consumer protection covers a wide range of topics,
including but not necessarily limited to product
liability, privacy rights, unfair business practices,
fraud, misrepresentation, and other
consumer/business interactions.
It's a way of preventing fraud and scams from
occupational service and sales contracts, bill collector
regulation, pricing, utility turnoffs, consolidation,
personal loans that may lead to bankruptcy.

13. In Australia, the corresponding agency is the Australian Competition and
Consumer Commission or the individual State Consumer Affairs agencies.
The Australian Securities and Investments Commission has responsibility for
consumer protection regulation of financial services and products.
A minister of the federal cabinet is responsible for consumer rights and
protection (Verbraucherschutzminister). In the current cabinet of Angela
Merkel, this is Heiko Maas. When issuing public warnings about products
and services, the issuing authority has to take into account that this affects
the supplier's constitutionally protected economic liberty

15. In India, the Consumer Protection Act of 1986 is the law
governing consumer protection. Under this law, Separate
Consumer Dispute Redressal Fora have been set up
throughout India in each and every district in which a
consumer [complaint can be filed by both the consumer of a
goods as well as of the services] can file his complaint on a
simple paper with nominal court fees and his complaint will
be decided by the Presiding Officer of the District Level.
Appeal could be filed to the State Consumer Disputes
Redressal Commissions and after that to the National
Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC). The
procedures in these tribunals are relatively less formal and
more people friendly and they also take less time to decide
upon a consumer dispute when compared to the years long
time taken by the traditional Indian judiciary. In recent
years, many effective judgment have been passed by some
state and National Consumer Forums.

17. Modern Chinese law has been heavily influenced by
European civil law systems, particularly German and
Swiss law. The Republic of China Civil Code contains five
books: General Principles, Obligations, Rights over
Things, Family, and Succession. The Consumer Protection
Commission of Executive Yuan serves as an ombudsman
supervising, coordinating, reporting any unsafe
products/services and periodically reviewing the
legislation. According to the Pacific Rim Law & Policy
Association and the American Chamber of Commerce, in
a 1997 critical study, the law has been criticized
"Although many agree that the intent of the CPL is fair,
the CPL's various problems, such as ambiguous
terminology, favoritism towards consumer protection
groups, and the compensation liability defense, must be
addressed before the CPL becomes a truly effective
piece of legislation that will protect consumers"

19. • The United Kingdom, as member state of the European Union, is bound by the consumer
protection directives of the European Union. Domestic (UK) laws originated within the ambit of
contract and tort but, with the influence of EU law, it is emerging as an independent area of law.
In many circumstances, where domestic law is in question, the matter judicially treated as tort,
contract, restitution or even criminal law.
• Consumer Protection issues are dealt with when complaints are made to the Director-General of
Fair Trade. Complaints need to be made to the Citizens Advice Consumer Service (which has taken
over from Consumer Direct) who will provide legal advice to complainants, or re-direct the
individual complaint to Trading Standards for investigation. Due to restrictions within the
Enterprise Act 2002, individual complainants are unable to be told whether their case is being
investigated or not. In very rare cases, Consumer Direct may direct a very large number of
complaints to the OFT to be considered as a systemic complaint. The OFT can also be engaged by
consumer groups e.g. The Consumers Association or the statutory consumer protection body –
Consumer Focus – via a super complaint. The OFT rarely prosecute companies, however, preferring
a light touch regulation approach. Consumer complaints against companies are not published, but
investigation work, undertakings and enforcements are located at. Many of the consumer
protection laws e.g. Distance Selling Regulations 2000 or Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts
Regulations 1999 (15 years ago) are actually UK implementations of EU directives. The OFT is one
of the bodies responsible for enforcing these rules. This leads to a problem in that these examples
of legislation are clearly designed to deal with individual complaints but the OFT will only deal
with systemic complaints and will ignore individual complainants redirecting them back to
Consumer Direct.
• The Office of Fair Trading also acts as the UK's official consumer and competition watchdog, with
a remit to make markets work well for consumers, and at a local, municipal level by Trading
Standards departments. General consumer advice can be obtained from the Citizens Advice
Consumer Service or via a local branch of the Citizen's Advice Bureau.