Cancer – a large group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. All cancers derive from single cells that have acquired the characteristics continually dividing in an unrestrained manner and invading surrounding tissues. Here we are going to understand the cancer biology at molecular level.
2. • Cancer – a large group of diseases
characterized by the uncontrolled growth
and spread of abnormal cells.
• All cancers derive from single cells that
have acquired the characteristics
continually dividing in an unrestrained
manner and invading surrounding tissues.
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3. Tumor Suppressor Gene - p53
• Protein 53
• TRP 53 – Transformation Related Protein 53
• TP 53 – Tumor Protein 53
• Master Watchman
• Guardian Of Genome
present in nucleus of all the cells on the short arm
of the chromosome 17
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4. Tumor Suppressor Gene - p53
DNA Binding
domain
{Arg rich}
Tetramerization
domain
Tetramerization
domain
Protein
rich
region
Regulatory
domain
{Lys rich}
142 aa 61-94 aa 102-292 aa 324-355 aa 363-393 aa
N C
CENTRAL
CORE
DOMAIN
STRUCTURE
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5. Provides p21
provides GADD 45
Provides 14-3.3 ϭ
Provides p53R2
p53
MDM 2
Ub
Case 1 – Normal Cell
Case 2 – Abnormal Cell
ATM
DNA damage
ATR
CHK
1 OR 2
Nucleus
P
CHK
1 OR 2
P
USP 7
p53
P
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6. Biological Importance
It is present in the nucleus of all the cells.
It activates the genes for DNA repair.
It also activates the genes for apoptosis like NOXA,PUMA,BAX.
If a person inherits a single copy of functional p53 than it is
predisposed to number of independent tumors.
It is a tumor suppressor gene because develops cell cycle arrest
at multiple check points and not allow the cell with DNA breaks to
move into next phase of cell cycle.
The p53 prevents the occurrence of mutations and promotes
genomic stability so known as Guardian Of Genome.
If in vitro p53 is provided to p53 deficient cell than it has been
shown to cause the apoptosis of damage cells.
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