This document lists 30 references related to DNA barcoding and identification of medicinal plant species. The references cover a range of topics including the history of PCR, using DNA barcoding to identify poisonous plants, authenticating specific medicinal plants like Saussurea lappa using DNA sequencing, validating the ITS2 region as a DNA barcode, using PCR to authenticate medicinal herbs, analyzing ITS regions to identify species of Amomum, examining phylogenetic relationships of plant families using DNA sequences, issues regarding the safety of herbal medicines, using DNA barcodes derived from chloroplast genes like matK to identify species in the Fabaceae and other families, and choosing appropriate plant DNA barcodes.
The document provides information on baking ingredients and processes. It discusses various ingredients used in baking like butter, flour, raising agents, sugars, and eggs. It explains how to properly measure dry and wet ingredients using appropriate utensils. The basic steps of baking are outlined, including preheating the oven, preparing pans, mixing and assembling batter/dough, baking, testing for doneness, cooling, and decorating.
Juan Ramón Jiménez fue un escritor español que ganó el Premio Nobel de Literatura en 1956. Dividió su obra en tres etapas: la sensitiva desde 1898 hasta 1915, la intelectual desde 1916 hasta 1936, y la verdadera desde 1937 hasta 1958. Se destacó su narración lírica "Platero y yo".
This document lists 30 references related to DNA barcoding and identification of medicinal plant species. The references cover a range of topics including the history of PCR, using DNA barcoding to identify poisonous plants, authenticating specific medicinal plants like Saussurea lappa using DNA sequencing, validating the ITS2 region as a DNA barcode, using PCR to authenticate medicinal herbs, analyzing ITS regions to identify species of Amomum, examining phylogenetic relationships of plant families using DNA sequences, issues regarding the safety of herbal medicines, using DNA barcodes derived from chloroplast genes like matK to identify species in the Fabaceae and other families, and choosing appropriate plant DNA barcodes.
The document provides information on baking ingredients and processes. It discusses various ingredients used in baking like butter, flour, raising agents, sugars, and eggs. It explains how to properly measure dry and wet ingredients using appropriate utensils. The basic steps of baking are outlined, including preheating the oven, preparing pans, mixing and assembling batter/dough, baking, testing for doneness, cooling, and decorating.
Juan Ramón Jiménez fue un escritor español que ganó el Premio Nobel de Literatura en 1956. Dividió su obra en tres etapas: la sensitiva desde 1898 hasta 1915, la intelectual desde 1916 hasta 1936, y la verdadera desde 1937 hasta 1958. Se destacó su narración lírica "Platero y yo".
El documento trata sobre la higiene y seguridad en la ingeniería industrial. Explica que crear un ambiente de trabajo seguro requiere cumplir con normas y procedimientos para controlar factores como el entrenamiento del personal, las condiciones de la infraestructura y ambientales, y prevenir accidentes. También destaca la importancia de aplicar principios como el apoyo de la administración, mantener personal dedicado a la seguridad, e instruir a los empleados para integrar el espíritu de seguridad.
O documento apresenta o projeto do Centro Integrado de Mobilidade Urbana (CIMU) da cidade de São Paulo. O CIMU visa integrar as informações de trânsito e transporte da cidade por meio de sistemas baseados em protocolos e padrões abertos, para melhor coordenar a mobilidade e oferecer novas funcionalidades. Detalha como o CIMU coletará e compartilhará dados para automatizar processos, dar visibilidade às ocorrências e falhas, e priorizar veículos.
The document discusses the biblical basis for speaking in tongues and the benefits of praying in tongues. It references several passages from the New Testament that describe believers receiving the Holy Spirit and speaking in other tongues, including on the Day of Pentecost. The document asserts that praying in tongues, or in the Spirit, allows the Spirit to intercede through groanings that cannot be uttered otherwise and ensures that believers pray according to God's will. It suggests praying in tongues can strengthen and edify believers.
This document discusses fine arts, including definitions, types of art, and notable Indian artists. It provides an overview of different forms of painting such as encaustic painting, tempera painting, ink and wash painting, oil painting, and watercolor painting. It also lists some of the best fine arts colleges in India and influential Indian painters such as Amrita Sher-Gill, M.F. Hussain, Rabindranath Tagore, and Raja Ravi Varma.
La historia del libro se originó con la necesidad del ser humano de transmitir historia y preservarla a través del tiempo. Se han utilizado diversos soportes como tablillas de arcilla, papiro, pergamino y papel. Los chinos imprimieron el primer libro en el siglo IX d.C. y los europeos perfeccionaron la imprenta de tipos móviles con Gutenberg en el siglo XV, lo que permitió una producción masiva de libros. Las bibliotecas también evolucionaron desde las primeras casas de libros en Egipto hasta gran
This study examined the population dynamics, disease incidence, and effects on tomato yield of the false root-knot nematode (Nacobbus aberrans) under three control regimes in Mexico. At least three nematode generations occurred each crop season. Integrated control, which included fertilization, nematicide, and chicken manure, resulted in less crop damage and higher yields than technical control or the untreated check. Integrated control increased plant growth and yield by 31-53% compared to the other treatments. Yield loss was lowest under integrated control at 12%, compared to 29% for technical control and 83% for the untreated check. Integrated control improved commercial tomato production by 20-81% over the other treatments.
This document summarizes a study on the epidemiology and management of mango malformation disease in Guerrero, Mexico. The study compared three management approaches - high technology, low traditional technology, and integrated management - in commercial mango orchards over two growing cycles from 1993-1995. The integrated approach, which included pruning, acaricide, and fungicide applications, resulted in slower disease progression, lower initial and final disease levels, and higher yields compared to the other approaches. Changes in disease incidence were positively correlated with the number of trapped Fusarium spores and wind speed over a 4-month lag period. Environmental factors like temperature and humidity also affected disease levels, likely by influencing spore dispersal.
Taiwan has a large population of stray cats that live in cities and temples. Many Taiwanese people care for these cats by feeding them and building shelters. However, the large numbers of cats has become a problem, as they can transmit diseases and their waste pollutes the environment. As a result, officials in Taiwan are trying to control the cat population through sterilization programs and adoptions.
This document discusses building futures through education. It aims to inspire teachers to nurture students' ambitions and help them see their potential. The story uses abstract imagery to show how a teacher impacted a student's life by helping them connect to their future. The goal is to encourage teachers to connect with students on a personal level. It also provides background on opportunities in education, the history of education secretaries in the UK, and their different approaches. Marketing ideas focus on teacher forums and unions to promote helping students envision their futures.
La escuela recibe a los chicos de primer grado todas las mañanas para que aprendan y compartan con sus compañeros, ofreciéndoles alegría y la oportunidad de aprender.
This document provides important guidelines for caring for bonsai plants, including avoiding choosing plants with large leaves, flowers, or fruits; using styles unsuitable for the species; using blunt cutting tools; unnatural decorations; being impatient for flowers or fruits before shaping; mixing chemicals and fertilizers; keeping bonsai on the ground; tying wire too tightly; retaining wires too long; hard pruning of conifers; heavy fertilization; and unnatural appearances.
Choose plants suitable for the local climate and position them correctly in containers with adequate drainage. Care for bonsai by pruning regularly, providing balanced nutrition with fertilizer, plenty of sunshine, and thorough watering until it drains. Inspect frequently for pests and diseases, and develop a natural-looking design that is well-balanced through constant care and affection.
Planting times for certain crops are February through March and July through August. Seeds can be sown in early spring from February to March or during the summer months from July to August.
The document discusses a demonstration on Juniper bonsai trees that will take place in Columbia. Juniper bonsai are a popular type of bonsai tree that can be styled and shaped through careful pruning and training. The demonstration will cover basic bonsai techniques for caring for and maintaining Juniper bonsai trees.
This document lists the essential equipments and tools needed for bonsai, which includes a plant, pots of various shapes with drainage holes, a potting mixture of soil, sand and leaf mould, potting sticks, sieves, copper wire of varying thickness, wire cutters, pruning knives and secateurs, and watering equipment like a can and tub.
This document lists important plant species for growing bonsai in hilly areas, including Araucaria, Aucuba, Azalea, Camellia, Chinese hat, Coral tree, Cryptomeria, Cypress, Flame of the forest, Ginkgo, Juniper, Koelreuteria, Maple, Magnolia, Plane tree, Peach, Pines, Podocarpus, Sal, Silver fir, Spruce, Taxus, Thuja, Willows, and Zanthoxylum.
El documento trata sobre la higiene y seguridad en la ingeniería industrial. Explica que crear un ambiente de trabajo seguro requiere cumplir con normas y procedimientos para controlar factores como el entrenamiento del personal, las condiciones de la infraestructura y ambientales, y prevenir accidentes. También destaca la importancia de aplicar principios como el apoyo de la administración, mantener personal dedicado a la seguridad, e instruir a los empleados para integrar el espíritu de seguridad.
O documento apresenta o projeto do Centro Integrado de Mobilidade Urbana (CIMU) da cidade de São Paulo. O CIMU visa integrar as informações de trânsito e transporte da cidade por meio de sistemas baseados em protocolos e padrões abertos, para melhor coordenar a mobilidade e oferecer novas funcionalidades. Detalha como o CIMU coletará e compartilhará dados para automatizar processos, dar visibilidade às ocorrências e falhas, e priorizar veículos.
The document discusses the biblical basis for speaking in tongues and the benefits of praying in tongues. It references several passages from the New Testament that describe believers receiving the Holy Spirit and speaking in other tongues, including on the Day of Pentecost. The document asserts that praying in tongues, or in the Spirit, allows the Spirit to intercede through groanings that cannot be uttered otherwise and ensures that believers pray according to God's will. It suggests praying in tongues can strengthen and edify believers.
This document discusses fine arts, including definitions, types of art, and notable Indian artists. It provides an overview of different forms of painting such as encaustic painting, tempera painting, ink and wash painting, oil painting, and watercolor painting. It also lists some of the best fine arts colleges in India and influential Indian painters such as Amrita Sher-Gill, M.F. Hussain, Rabindranath Tagore, and Raja Ravi Varma.
La historia del libro se originó con la necesidad del ser humano de transmitir historia y preservarla a través del tiempo. Se han utilizado diversos soportes como tablillas de arcilla, papiro, pergamino y papel. Los chinos imprimieron el primer libro en el siglo IX d.C. y los europeos perfeccionaron la imprenta de tipos móviles con Gutenberg en el siglo XV, lo que permitió una producción masiva de libros. Las bibliotecas también evolucionaron desde las primeras casas de libros en Egipto hasta gran
This study examined the population dynamics, disease incidence, and effects on tomato yield of the false root-knot nematode (Nacobbus aberrans) under three control regimes in Mexico. At least three nematode generations occurred each crop season. Integrated control, which included fertilization, nematicide, and chicken manure, resulted in less crop damage and higher yields than technical control or the untreated check. Integrated control increased plant growth and yield by 31-53% compared to the other treatments. Yield loss was lowest under integrated control at 12%, compared to 29% for technical control and 83% for the untreated check. Integrated control improved commercial tomato production by 20-81% over the other treatments.
This document summarizes a study on the epidemiology and management of mango malformation disease in Guerrero, Mexico. The study compared three management approaches - high technology, low traditional technology, and integrated management - in commercial mango orchards over two growing cycles from 1993-1995. The integrated approach, which included pruning, acaricide, and fungicide applications, resulted in slower disease progression, lower initial and final disease levels, and higher yields compared to the other approaches. Changes in disease incidence were positively correlated with the number of trapped Fusarium spores and wind speed over a 4-month lag period. Environmental factors like temperature and humidity also affected disease levels, likely by influencing spore dispersal.
Taiwan has a large population of stray cats that live in cities and temples. Many Taiwanese people care for these cats by feeding them and building shelters. However, the large numbers of cats has become a problem, as they can transmit diseases and their waste pollutes the environment. As a result, officials in Taiwan are trying to control the cat population through sterilization programs and adoptions.
This document discusses building futures through education. It aims to inspire teachers to nurture students' ambitions and help them see their potential. The story uses abstract imagery to show how a teacher impacted a student's life by helping them connect to their future. The goal is to encourage teachers to connect with students on a personal level. It also provides background on opportunities in education, the history of education secretaries in the UK, and their different approaches. Marketing ideas focus on teacher forums and unions to promote helping students envision their futures.
La escuela recibe a los chicos de primer grado todas las mañanas para que aprendan y compartan con sus compañeros, ofreciéndoles alegría y la oportunidad de aprender.
This document provides important guidelines for caring for bonsai plants, including avoiding choosing plants with large leaves, flowers, or fruits; using styles unsuitable for the species; using blunt cutting tools; unnatural decorations; being impatient for flowers or fruits before shaping; mixing chemicals and fertilizers; keeping bonsai on the ground; tying wire too tightly; retaining wires too long; hard pruning of conifers; heavy fertilization; and unnatural appearances.
Choose plants suitable for the local climate and position them correctly in containers with adequate drainage. Care for bonsai by pruning regularly, providing balanced nutrition with fertilizer, plenty of sunshine, and thorough watering until it drains. Inspect frequently for pests and diseases, and develop a natural-looking design that is well-balanced through constant care and affection.
Planting times for certain crops are February through March and July through August. Seeds can be sown in early spring from February to March or during the summer months from July to August.
The document discusses a demonstration on Juniper bonsai trees that will take place in Columbia. Juniper bonsai are a popular type of bonsai tree that can be styled and shaped through careful pruning and training. The demonstration will cover basic bonsai techniques for caring for and maintaining Juniper bonsai trees.
This document lists the essential equipments and tools needed for bonsai, which includes a plant, pots of various shapes with drainage holes, a potting mixture of soil, sand and leaf mould, potting sticks, sieves, copper wire of varying thickness, wire cutters, pruning knives and secateurs, and watering equipment like a can and tub.
This document lists important plant species for growing bonsai in hilly areas, including Araucaria, Aucuba, Azalea, Camellia, Chinese hat, Coral tree, Cryptomeria, Cypress, Flame of the forest, Ginkgo, Juniper, Koelreuteria, Maple, Magnolia, Plane tree, Peach, Pines, Podocarpus, Sal, Silver fir, Spruce, Taxus, Thuja, Willows, and Zanthoxylum.
This document lists important plant species that are suitable for bonsai, including trees, shrubs, and bamboo. Some recommended species are amaltas, araucaria, babul, bamboo, banyan, ber, bottle brush, bougainvillea, casuarina, cherry, Chinese orange, coranda, cryptomeria, deodar, duranta, excoecaria, gulmohar, hibiscus, ixora, jacaranda, Java fig-tree, murraya, malpighia, oleander, peach, pines, pilkhan, pipal, plum, prosopis, silver oak, tamarind.
Propagation of plants can be done through seeds, cuttings, layering, grafting, or buying seedlings from a nursery. Some plants can also be propagated through collection from seeds or cuttings found in forests or fields.
Selection of plants for bonsai requires choosing species that can thrive in confined spaces with minimal resources. Good options are plants with small flowers and fruits that allow foliage to reduce to a quarter of its normal size, or those bearing flowers on leafless branches. The selected plant must be able to withstand stress from a small pot and low nutrients.
Pruning and trimming helps develop trees into attractive shapes by restricting growth and maintaining a proper balance between roots and shoots. It involves regularly cutting no more than 1/3 of roots or shoots to reduce growth in a controlled manner. Proper pruning techniques help develop good structure and form for trees.
Ideal nutrition for bonsai includes sludge or well rotten cow dung slurry mixed with groundnut, cotton, or neem cake allowed to ferment for a month before diluting. This mixture is given twice a month along with bone meal and single super phosphate, which are also very beneficial.
Growing media for bonsai should be coarse and well-drained to provide water, oxygen, and nutrients. An ideal medium consists of equal parts soil, leaf mold, and crushed brick or sand. The top layer needs sufficient humus, while conifer plants do better in drier soil and fruit trees prefer more humus-rich soil.
This document discusses a landscaping style using cascading plants with variegated star jasmine. Cascade style landscaping features plants hanging over walls or spilling out of containers to create a sense of movement. Variegated star jasmine is recommended as it has green and white variegated leaves and fragrant white flowers that bloom throughout the summer. This combination provides visual interest and fragrance.
1. Hình 10. Cây phát sinh chủng loại xây dựng bằng phƣơng pháp Bayesian trên khung
đọc gen ITS, chọn mẫu cách 1000 thế hệ, phân tích trong 5x106
thế hệ.
Cây phát sinh chủng loại thu được bằng phương pháp Bayesian trên khung đọc gen
ITS không chỉ có 2 nhánh chính, mẫu C. clematide và C. lanceolata tách ra thành nhánh cùng
gốc với hai nhanh còn lại, với chỉ số posterior probability (PP) thấp 50%. Vị trí các loài ở các
nhánh là tương đồng với cây phát sinh chủng loại xây dựng dựa trên phương pháp MP trên
khung đọc gen ITS, trong đó mẫu C4 cùng nhánh với mẫu C. tangshen với chỉ số PP là khá
cao 97 %, các mẫu còn lại cùng nhánh với C. javanica với PP là 87%. Điều này cho thấy, cây
phát sinh chủng loại xây dựng theo phương pháp Bayesian trên khung đọc gen ITS vẫn chỉ ra
rằng các mẫu nghiên cứu có quan hệ gần gũi với loài C. tangshen và C. javanica, tuy nhiên,
có thể dữ liệu trên vùng gen ITS chưa đủ để phương pháp Bayesian phân tách loài C.
clematide và C. lanceolata và các nhánh với chỉ số PP tin cậy hơn.