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Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai37
This document provides important guidelines for caring for bonsai plants, including avoiding choosing plants with large leaves, flowers, or fruits; using styles unsuitable for the species; using blunt cutting tools; unnatural decorations; being impatient for flowers or fruits before shaping; mixing chemicals and fertilizers; keeping bonsai on the ground; tying wire too tightly; retaining wires too long; hard pruning of conifers; heavy fertilization; and unnatural appearances.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai36
Choose plants suitable for the local climate and position them correctly in containers with adequate drainage. Care for bonsai by pruning regularly, providing balanced nutrition with fertilizer, plenty of sunshine, and thorough watering until it drains. Inspect frequently for pests and diseases, and develop a natural-looking design that is well-balanced through constant care and affection.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai35
Planting times for certain crops are February through March and July through August. Seeds can be sown in early spring from February to March or during the summer months from July to August.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai33
The document discusses a demonstration on Juniper bonsai trees that will take place in Columbia. Juniper bonsai are a popular type of bonsai tree that can be styled and shaped through careful pruning and training. The demonstration will cover basic bonsai techniques for caring for and maintaining Juniper bonsai trees.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai32
This document lists the essential equipments and tools needed for bonsai, which includes a plant, pots of various shapes with drainage holes, a potting mixture of soil, sand and leaf mould, potting sticks, sieves, copper wire of varying thickness, wire cutters, pruning knives and secateurs, and watering equipment like a can and tub.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai31
This document lists important plant species for growing bonsai in hilly areas, including Araucaria, Aucuba, Azalea, Camellia, Chinese hat, Coral tree, Cryptomeria, Cypress, Flame of the forest, Ginkgo, Juniper, Koelreuteria, Maple, Magnolia, Plane tree, Peach, Pines, Podocarpus, Sal, Silver fir, Spruce, Taxus, Thuja, Willows, and Zanthoxylum.
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Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai37
This document provides important guidelines for caring for bonsai plants, including avoiding choosing plants with large leaves, flowers, or fruits; using styles unsuitable for the species; using blunt cutting tools; unnatural decorations; being impatient for flowers or fruits before shaping; mixing chemicals and fertilizers; keeping bonsai on the ground; tying wire too tightly; retaining wires too long; hard pruning of conifers; heavy fertilization; and unnatural appearances.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai36
Choose plants suitable for the local climate and position them correctly in containers with adequate drainage. Care for bonsai by pruning regularly, providing balanced nutrition with fertilizer, plenty of sunshine, and thorough watering until it drains. Inspect frequently for pests and diseases, and develop a natural-looking design that is well-balanced through constant care and affection.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai35
Planting times for certain crops are February through March and July through August. Seeds can be sown in early spring from February to March or during the summer months from July to August.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai33
The document discusses a demonstration on Juniper bonsai trees that will take place in Columbia. Juniper bonsai are a popular type of bonsai tree that can be styled and shaped through careful pruning and training. The demonstration will cover basic bonsai techniques for caring for and maintaining Juniper bonsai trees.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai32
This document lists the essential equipments and tools needed for bonsai, which includes a plant, pots of various shapes with drainage holes, a potting mixture of soil, sand and leaf mould, potting sticks, sieves, copper wire of varying thickness, wire cutters, pruning knives and secateurs, and watering equipment like a can and tub.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai31
This document lists important plant species for growing bonsai in hilly areas, including Araucaria, Aucuba, Azalea, Camellia, Chinese hat, Coral tree, Cryptomeria, Cypress, Flame of the forest, Ginkgo, Juniper, Koelreuteria, Maple, Magnolia, Plane tree, Peach, Pines, Podocarpus, Sal, Silver fir, Spruce, Taxus, Thuja, Willows, and Zanthoxylum.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai30
This document lists important plant species that are suitable for bonsai, including trees, shrubs, and bamboo. Some recommended species are amaltas, araucaria, babul, bamboo, banyan, ber, bottle brush, bougainvillea, casuarina, cherry, Chinese orange, coranda, cryptomeria, deodar, duranta, excoecaria, gulmohar, hibiscus, ixora, jacaranda, Java fig-tree, murraya, malpighia, oleander, peach, pines, pilkhan, pipal, plum, prosopis, silver oak, tamarind.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai29
Propagation of plants can be done through seeds, cuttings, layering, grafting, or buying seedlings from a nursery. Some plants can also be propagated through collection from seeds or cuttings found in forests or fields.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai28
Selection of plants for bonsai requires choosing species that can thrive in confined spaces with minimal resources. Good options are plants with small flowers and fruits that allow foliage to reduce to a quarter of its normal size, or those bearing flowers on leafless branches. The selected plant must be able to withstand stress from a small pot and low nutrients.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai26
Pruning and trimming helps develop trees into attractive shapes by restricting growth and maintaining a proper balance between roots and shoots. It involves regularly cutting no more than 1/3 of roots or shoots to reduce growth in a controlled manner. Proper pruning techniques help develop good structure and form for trees.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai25
Ideal nutrition for bonsai includes sludge or well rotten cow dung slurry mixed with groundnut, cotton, or neem cake allowed to ferment for a month before diluting. This mixture is given twice a month along with bone meal and single super phosphate, which are also very beneficial.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai24
Growing media for bonsai should be coarse and well-drained to provide water, oxygen, and nutrients. An ideal medium consists of equal parts soil, leaf mold, and crushed brick or sand. The top layer needs sufficient humus, while conifer plants do better in drier soil and fruit trees prefer more humus-rich soil.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai17
This document discusses a landscaping style using cascading plants with variegated star jasmine. Cascade style landscaping features plants hanging over walls or spilling out of containers to create a sense of movement. Variegated star jasmine is recommended as it has green and white variegated leaves and fragrant white flowers that bloom throughout the summer. This combination provides visual interest and fragrance.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai16
This half cascade style bouquet features gardenias as the primary flower. Gardenias are known for their highly fragrant white blooms and waxy green leaves. This elegant floral arrangement is perfect for spring and summer weddings or other celebrations where a fresh, romantic look is desired.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai15
Azaleas are a flowering shrub with delicate blooms that come in a variety of colors. They thrive in partial shade and well-draining soil, and prefer more acidic conditions. When planted and cared for properly, azaleas can add beautiful floral displays and structural framing to gardens and landscapes throughout the spring months.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai14
Structural bonsai style focuses on the overall structure and silhouette of the tree rather than fine details. The goal is to depict the essence of the species through its trunk, branches, and overall shape using minimal pruning and wiring. This style emphasizes the natural growth pattern and proportions that give the impression of an older, mature tree in miniature.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai13
The Japanese maple is a delicate, ornamental tree known for its finely dissected leaves that change color in autumn. It has an irregular, often multi-stemmed structure that branches close to the ground, creating a rounded or vase-shaped silhouette. The Japanese maple is prized in landscapes for its graceful form and seasonal displays of foliage.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai12
Lagerstroemia indica, commonly known as crape myrtle, is an informal, upright plant. It is a deciduous flowering shrub or small tree that is native to eastern Asia. Crape myrtles bloom in summer with clusters of frilly flowers in shades of pink, red, purple, or white.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai10
There are several styles of bonsai trees including formal and informal upright styles, wind swept, slanting, semi-cascade, full-cascade, multiple trunks, group planting, raft, and broom styles as well as rock-grown bonsai.
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Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai30
This document lists important plant species that are suitable for bonsai, including trees, shrubs, and bamboo. Some recommended species are amaltas, araucaria, babul, bamboo, banyan, ber, bottle brush, bougainvillea, casuarina, cherry, Chinese orange, coranda, cryptomeria, deodar, duranta, excoecaria, gulmohar, hibiscus, ixora, jacaranda, Java fig-tree, murraya, malpighia, oleander, peach, pines, pilkhan, pipal, plum, prosopis, silver oak, tamarind.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai29
Propagation of plants can be done through seeds, cuttings, layering, grafting, or buying seedlings from a nursery. Some plants can also be propagated through collection from seeds or cuttings found in forests or fields.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai28
Selection of plants for bonsai requires choosing species that can thrive in confined spaces with minimal resources. Good options are plants with small flowers and fruits that allow foliage to reduce to a quarter of its normal size, or those bearing flowers on leafless branches. The selected plant must be able to withstand stress from a small pot and low nutrients.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai26
Pruning and trimming helps develop trees into attractive shapes by restricting growth and maintaining a proper balance between roots and shoots. It involves regularly cutting no more than 1/3 of roots or shoots to reduce growth in a controlled manner. Proper pruning techniques help develop good structure and form for trees.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai25
Ideal nutrition for bonsai includes sludge or well rotten cow dung slurry mixed with groundnut, cotton, or neem cake allowed to ferment for a month before diluting. This mixture is given twice a month along with bone meal and single super phosphate, which are also very beneficial.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai24
Growing media for bonsai should be coarse and well-drained to provide water, oxygen, and nutrients. An ideal medium consists of equal parts soil, leaf mold, and crushed brick or sand. The top layer needs sufficient humus, while conifer plants do better in drier soil and fruit trees prefer more humus-rich soil.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai17
This document discusses a landscaping style using cascading plants with variegated star jasmine. Cascade style landscaping features plants hanging over walls or spilling out of containers to create a sense of movement. Variegated star jasmine is recommended as it has green and white variegated leaves and fragrant white flowers that bloom throughout the summer. This combination provides visual interest and fragrance.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai16
This half cascade style bouquet features gardenias as the primary flower. Gardenias are known for their highly fragrant white blooms and waxy green leaves. This elegant floral arrangement is perfect for spring and summer weddings or other celebrations where a fresh, romantic look is desired.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai15
Azaleas are a flowering shrub with delicate blooms that come in a variety of colors. They thrive in partial shade and well-draining soil, and prefer more acidic conditions. When planted and cared for properly, azaleas can add beautiful floral displays and structural framing to gardens and landscapes throughout the spring months.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai14
Structural bonsai style focuses on the overall structure and silhouette of the tree rather than fine details. The goal is to depict the essence of the species through its trunk, branches, and overall shape using minimal pruning and wiring. This style emphasizes the natural growth pattern and proportions that give the impression of an older, mature tree in miniature.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai13
The Japanese maple is a delicate, ornamental tree known for its finely dissected leaves that change color in autumn. It has an irregular, often multi-stemmed structure that branches close to the ground, creating a rounded or vase-shaped silhouette. The Japanese maple is prized in landscapes for its graceful form and seasonal displays of foliage.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai12
Lagerstroemia indica, commonly known as crape myrtle, is an informal, upright plant. It is a deciduous flowering shrub or small tree that is native to eastern Asia. Crape myrtles bloom in summer with clusters of frilly flowers in shades of pink, red, purple, or white.
Vsf 473 lect_13_bonsai10
There are several styles of bonsai trees including formal and informal upright styles, wind swept, slanting, semi-cascade, full-cascade, multiple trunks, group planting, raft, and broom styles as well as rock-grown bonsai.
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- 1. . Hình 9. Cây phát sinh chủng loại xây dựng bằng phƣơng pháp MP chạy trên khung đọc gen matK, bootstrap 500 TL: 249 CI: 0.92 RI: 0.93 Cùng với kết quả so sánh trình tự ở trên, có thể xác định các mẫu nghiên cứu: C2, C11, C12, C13, C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C20, C21 thuộc loài C. javanica, mẫu C4 thuộc loài C. tangshen Các mẫu nghiên cứu có phân bố không đổi trên cây phát sinh chủng loại được xây dựng dựa trên gen matK, với bootrap của nhánh là 98%, bao gồm các mẫu nghiên cứu: C2, C11, C12, C13, C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C20, C21, trong nhóm có sự phân nhánh nhỏ hơn giữa các mẫu nghiên cứu, có thể nói gen matK có khả năng phân tách tốt hơn gen ITS, và có thể có các tồn tại dưới loài của loài C. javanica. Mẫu C4 cùng nhánh với C. kawakamii với bootstrap hơn 80%.