CHAPTER -2 PEOPLE AS RESOURCE CLASS 9 ( ECONOMICS )

1. CLASS – 9
ECONOMICS
CHAPTER – 2
PEOPLE AS RESOURCE

2. # MEANING OF PEOPLE AS A RESOURCE :- It refers to the working people of
country with regard to their productive skills and abilities
* population is an asset for the economy rather than a liability .
# HUMANRESOURCE IS DIFFERENT FROM OTHER RESOURCESLIKE LANDAND
PHYSICALCAPITAL. HOW?
* Only human resource can make the best use of land and capital with
their knowledge and skill.
* Human can increase the production land and capital can’t become
useful on their own .
# DO YOUSELF ----
* WHAT IS THE ROLE OF HEALTH AND EDUCATION IN HUMAN
CAPITAL FORMATION ?

3. # ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES :- Activities which add to the national
income are called economic activities or market activities .
They are classified into three sectors:-
(1) PRIMARY SECTOR :- All activities which harvest or extract natural
products . It includes agriculture , forestry , fishing , farming , mining etc.
(2) SECONDARY SECTOR :- All manufacturing processes and construction
activities are included in the secondary sector .
(3) TERTIARY SECTOR :- All activities which support the primary and
secondary sector are classified in this category . It include trade , transport ,
tourism , communication , banking , education , health etc.

4. NON MARKET ACTIVITY :- An activity undertaken to satisfy personal ,
familiar , social or religious obligation and involving no renumeration .
eg :- housewives doing domestic work
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# DO YOURSELF :-
* India is the country with seond largest population in the world
. Is it an assets or liability ? Give your point of view .
* In which field , do you think India can build the maximum
employment opportunity?
* Write some measures in educational system to mitigate the
problem of educated unemployment ?
* Which capital would you consider the best – land , labour ,
human capital and physical capital ? Why ?

5. Literacy rate in india:- this is the percentage of people above the age of 7
yrs with the ability to read and write with understanding .
20
28
35
43
52
65
60
29
41
47
55
65
75 75
10
17
24
29
40
52
68
1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2004
Source :- Economic survey 2012
PERSON MALE FEMALE

6. # NAVODAYA VIDHALAYAS :-
* Govt. Set up these for talented children in rural
areas .
* It initiated the “sarva shiksha abhiyan ”, which is
a significant step forward in universalisation of
elementary education (upto class 8) for children
in the age group of 6-14 yrs.
* Mid day meal scheme has been
introduced to improve the
student’s attendance in school .

7. # GOVT. STEPS TO PROVIDE EDUCATION TO ALL
(1) SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN :-
* Significant step to provide elementary education .
* provide to all children in the age group of 6-14 yrs.
* It was started by central govt. , In partnership with states , the local govt.
and the community.
* Bridge courses and back to school camps have been initiated to
increase the enrollment in elementary education .
* improve the students nutritional status.
* Mid day meal scheme has implemented to encourage attendance .

8. (2) RIGHT TO EDUCATION ACT :-
* Came in force on 1st april, 2010.
* Some educationists and policymakers believe that , with the passing of
this act , sarva shiksha abhiyan has acquired the necessary legal force for
its implementation .
(3) MID DAY MEAL :-
* implemented to encourage attendance and retention of children
and improve their nutritional status .

9. NUMBER OF INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND
FACULTY
YEAR NUMBER OF
COLLEGES
NUMBER OF
UNIVERSITIES
STUDENTS TEACHERS
1950-51 750 30 263000 24000
1990-91 7346 177 4925000 272000
1996-97 9703 214 6755000 321000
1998-99 11089 238 7417000 342000
2007-08 18064 378 1400000 492000
2011-12 31324 611 - -

10. UNEMPLOYMENT :-
It exists when people who are willing to work at the going
wages cannot find jobs . the workforce includes people
from the age of 15 to 59 yrs.

11. NATURE OF UNEMPLOYMENT IN INDIA
• Seasonal :- happens when people are not able to find
jobs during some months of the yr. Eg :- people
dependent upon agriculture .
• Disguised :- when more people are engaged in an activity
than the number of persons required for it .
RURAL AREAS
• Mostly educated unemployment :- many youths with
graduation , post graduation etc are not able to find jobs .
URBAN AREAS

12. Effects of unemployment
* it leads to the wastage of manpower resource.
* Feeling of hopeless and despair occurs among the youth .
* people do not have enough money to support their family .
* inability od educated people who are willing to work to find gainful employment implies
a great social wastage.
* Dependence of unemployed on working population increases .
* It tends to increase economic overload.
* quality of life and society is adversely affected .
* general decline in health status
* rising withdrawal from the school system .

13. # Do yourself
* “Japan has scarcity of natural resources yet it is a develop and
rich country . why ?”
* which state in india has highest literacy
rate in india ? ( ans :- kerala)
* why are rural women employed at very low
wages ?
* Begging is which category of activity ?

14. THANKS
FOR
WATCHING