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Car Pollution Essay
The words pollution and automobile are synonymous, and as long as vehicles still use fossil fuels to run, that won't change. Consumers, communities,
and the environment are key stakeholders the auto industry has to consider when it comes to pollution. More energy–efficient, hybrid or electric
vehicles can increase customer satisfaction and add to the company's business performance. For instance, fuel consumption is an assumption of
performance and is very important for consumers. Thus, automotive companies have to come up with great designs with minimal consumption of
resources and raw materials; engines that give more mileage and less fuel consumption. Given that consumers are the most important stakeholders,
communities of these consumers also want vehicles with the lowest emissions possible with hopes of keeping the air around them clean and healthy.
Once again, these informal bands and communities of consumers have large amounts of power based on buying power alone, and can significantly
impact an automobile company's business.
A vehicle's environmental impact can be easily measured through miles per gallon and measures of emissions. In 2011, President Barrack Obama and
automobile companies agreed to raise fuel efficiency standards to meet an average of 54.5 miles per gallon by 2025. This will lead to more
fuel–efficient vehicles that will consume less gas, thus burning less fuel and emitting fewer emissions into the air. Also, according to the Obama
administration, this
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As a means to address measurable levels of emitted pollutants and the effect of GHGs, the EPA took a position to take initial common sense steps to
limit greenhouse gas pollution from large sources by implementing the following actions:
U.S. vehicle pollution control under the Clean Air Act
пѓ The EPA and the National Highway and Traffic Safety Administration between 2010 and 2012 issued the first nationalgreenhouse gas emission
standards and fuel economy standards for cars and light trucks for model years 2012–2025, and for medium– and heavy–duty trucks for 2014–2018.
Proposed truck standards for 2018 and beyond were announced in June 2015. (EPA 2015)
GHG permitting for large stationary sources covered by the Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) and title V Operating Permit Programs.
пѓ The EPA and states in 2011 began requiring preconstruction permits that limit greenhouse gas emissions from large new stationary sources– such
as power plants, refineries, cement plants, and steel mills – when they are built or undergo major modification. (EPA 2015)
The EPA announced the Clean Power Plan as an important step in reducing carbon pollution from power plants that takes real action on climate change.
пѓ The Clean Power Plan cuts harmful carbon pollution from the power sector that's fueling climate change and shows the world that the United
States is committed to leading global efforts to address climate change. (EPA 2015)
пѓ August 3, 2015, EPA issued the Carbon
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The current vehicles that are powered by gasoline pollute, but as technologies improve and the human way of life changes alternatively powered
vehicles enter the automotive industry. These vehicles were developed to achieve better gas mileage and to help slow the production of the gasses that
cause Global Warming. The hybrid vehicle is one of the most popular alternatively powered vehicles. Hybridelectric vehicles are energy efficient cars
or trucks that run on an internal combustion engine of a gas vehicle with the battery and electric motor of an electric vehicle. This results in twice the
fuel economy of gas vehicles. These hybrid electric vehicles consume fewer natural resources than gas vehicles and produce almost no emission...show
more content...
The hybrid electric cars have several advantages over the gas guzzling cars that are already out there. The hybrid cars greatest advantage is that they
almost release zero emissions into the atmosphere. These cars use their brakes to regenerate power to the batteries. When the car is slowing down it
takes the energy being released when slowing the car down. The result is a use of energy that does not require the car to be plugged in. The cars
reduce the dependency on fossil fuels because they are run on alternative fuels. By combining gasoline with electric power, hybrids will have the same
or greater range than traditional combustion engines.
Hybrid electric cars are normally divided into the subtypes of either series or parallel, which refers to the way in which the engine supplies power to
the propulsion system. In the series hybrid, a heat engine powers a generator, which either charges the battery or supplies power directly to the
propulsion circuit and thereby reduces demand on the batter. In a parallel hybrid, the heat engine delivers mechanical power directly to the drive
train, and the generator is eliminated. The series hybrid is used mostly in the design of today's hybrids, because of the lighter, smaller, and more
powerful gensets that have been developed. Energy and power requirements are based on a
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The Internal Combustion Engine Essay
The internal combustion engine has become an integral part of the lives of every person on earth. They're the devices that have allowed us to cross
continents reliably, generate electricity in remote areas and fly around the world in a matter of hours. All these engines do is burn fuel and convert its
energy into work. It's these heat engines that have really changed the world. However the convenience they bring has come at a great cost. The major
problem with the internal combustion engine is the environmental damage it has caused. It is only now we are beginning to realise the full extent of this
damage.
In the mid–seventies basic steps were taken to reduce the pollution caused by cars, which of course at...show more content...
One of the earliest emission control requirements was to prevent this by using 'Positive Crankcase Ventilation' or P.C.V. This is where this unburned
fuel would be routed into the inlet manifold for burning. The last form of pollutant that was causing problems was fuel evaporation. This is where
fuel would evaporate and then would be allowed to escape through a vented cap. This was stopped by venting it, in most cases, to a charcoal canister
where it would be stored to be burnt later in the combustion process. The Australia Design Rule 27A (ADR–27A) was introduced in July 1976. This
was the first major emission control requirement in Australia. It addressed the issues of vehicle emissions and car manufactures were required to abide
by it in order to reduce the emissions of their cars.
The world is learning to a greater extent that vehicle pollution is a real problem and great advancements have been made in making the internal
combustion engine an environmentally friendly and efficient machine. Things such as E.F.I and catalytic converters are standard equipment on even
the most mundane of new cars. The lives of old leaded fuel burning engines are being extended through the development of lead–free, high–octane fuel.
These are necessary steps, but more needs to be done. I believe that the internal combustion engine fuelled by fossil fuels will remain the staple source
of power for us for
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Petrol Cars And Air Pollution
Believe it or not but Petrol cars cause instant and long term impacts on the Earth. It transmits an extensive variety of gasses which leads to global
warming, hurting nature, acid rains and also affects human wellbeing. The noise of the engine and fuel leakages additionally cause air pollution. Petrol
/Diesel cars, trucks, busses and all other different types of transportation are the single biggest supporter of air pollution in the United States, however
due to the advanced technologies and innovations, it is possible to reduce impact on the environment by using electric cars. Many countries in the
world have taken initiatives to reduce car pollution. Some of them are UK, China, Scotland, India, Germany and many more. Couple of months ago
...show more content...
It is predicted that these numbers will keep on rising over the coming decades. It doesn't only affect us but it affects globally and everyone such as
wildlife, ocean levels, farming and many more. The effects of car pollution are boundless, affecting water, soil and air quality. Nitrous oxide is
one of the main reasons for the depletion of the ozone layer. The ozone layer is the layer which protects us from harmful ultraviolet rays from the
sun. Acid rains are caused because of Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide which are again emitted by cars. These gases not only damages our
health but also damages forests, vegetation and crops. The spills of oils and fuel that we see from cars near highways pollutes rivers, lakes and
oceans. The one of the biggest reasons for switching to electric cars is that petrol cars not only affects environment but it affects human health too.
Diesel motors radiate high levels of gasses, which consists of ash and metal. These causes eye and skin irritation and hypersensitiveness. These small
particles of ash and metal can enter our lungs which can lead to respiratory issues. Chest pains and coughing can also be caused by Ozone layer
because ozone layer inflames lungs hence it makes it hard to breathe and relax. Carbon monoxide is one of the
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Electrical Vehicles and Benefits to the Environment There is a serious problem facing the world right now. It is air pollution. The number one
contributor to this epidemic is automobile emissions. We have all heard of the issues that are involved with air pollution including the depletion of the
o–zone layer, the green house effect, and acid rain. The problem has been scoped from every imaginable angle, and now it is time to solve the problem.
I propose that each of the 'Big Three' (Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler) car manufacturers be required to have 10% of their product line as EV's By
the year 2010. I propose this because it will be the start of cleaner air, EV advancement, and awareness of EV's and how they work....show more
content...
in the morning without you, the house owner, being awoke." (Background to our EV Project) This was a justifiable cause for people to create the
electric vehicle in the first place but it does not tell why the electric car has had a resurrection.
It wasn't until the early 1970's that car manufacturers saw a need to restrict the pollutants from their automobiles. Thus came the advancements of new
emission controlling components in the vehicles. There was the catalytic converter which changed carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide, this change
still resulted in pollution but significantly decreased the harm done. Next came EGR which is Exhaust Gas Recirculation and forces unburned gas from
the exhaust back into the engine making the car far more fuel efficient and environmentally friendly. Unfortunately the next thing to follow was a
serious toning down of the power of the engines. The earlier thoughts were that bigger and more powerful were better, however these types of cars sent
pollution caused by automobiles into an exponential growth. The internal combustion engine vehicles that are on the road right now account for the
vast majority of the air pollution around the world. The electric vehicles, however, have zero emissions. If this proposal is passed, then the condition
of the urban airways will be
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Vehicle Pollution Essay
1.6Vehicular Pollution Problems in India
Vehicles are one of the major sources of air pollution in major cities. The air pollution due to vehicles can be attributed to following:
a)High vehicle density in Indian urban centres result in air pollution build–up near the roadways and at traffic intersections.
b)Older vehicles are predominant in vehicle vintage. These older vehicles are grossly polluting though in cities like Delhi grossly polluting vehicles
have been phased out.
c)Inadequate inspection and maintenance facilities result in high emission of air pollutants from vehicles. Emission can be reduced by proper and
regular inspection and maintenance of vehicles.
d)There is large number of two stroke two wheelers in most of the cities and these two–wheelers are a significant contributor of air pollution.
e)Adulteration of fuel and fuel products also result in high emissions from vehicles.
f)Improper traffic management system and road conditions also result in build–up of air pollutants near the roadways as the emissions are higher when
the vehicle is idling.
g)Absence of effective mass rapid transport system and intra–city railway networks has resulted in people using their own vehicles for commuting to
workplace. This has resulted in uncontrolled growth of vehicles.
h)High population exodus to the urban centres has also resulted in increase in number of vehicles resulting in high levels of vehicular air pollution.
Major manmade sources of Respirable
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Car Emissions and Global Warming Essay
"1 gallon of gas =24 pounds of global warming emissions" (UCSUSA). Many of the people in our world today don't understand just how much The
Automobile affects us, our lives, and the world we live in. Undoubtedly, the invention of the car has changed our perspective on the different
technology created over the past years. However, cars are some of the leading factors towards one of the largest ongoing problems occurring in our
world today. That problem goes by the name ofglobal warming. "Since 1990, Transportation has been one of the fastest growing sources of U.S.
GHG" (U.S.D.T), otherwise known as Greenhouse gasses. In which most of us know; global warming affects our health, environment, weather, and
ultimately our lives. It is a...show more content...
The U.S government has been actively involved in overseeing emission standards for years. This corresponds with the statement made by the U.S
Department of transportation that, "Transportation is the largest end–use sector emitting CO2", and also the statement released by the NRCAN in
which, "Fuel usage & carbon dioxide emissions have grown steadily over the past two decades." These factors are only to be associated with your
average four door sedan and/or light truck. These do not include your 18 wheelers, heavy trucks, or the gas guzzling vans that emit more carbon
dioxide into the air and are also on the road more today than ever have been before. Cars are readily and easily obtainable more so now than ever
have been. This creates more fuel to be burned up in which produces more toxins to be constantly released into the atmosphere. In fact, according to
Scientific American "cars relate as much as 30 gallons of GHG, while only driving 3 miles." These miles can be correlated with something just as
simple as your average work commute. According to the United States Census Bureau, "Nearly 600,000 full–time workers had "megacommutes" of at
least 90 minutes and 50 miles." Those workers alone would each be releasing up to 500 gallons of GHG. These can be considered some of the bigger
factors that the greenhouse gasses have taken a toll on.
Alongside the uprising rate of cars and the steady growth of GHG emitted, is the influence our vehicles
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Vehicle Pollution Using Ethos Pathos Logos
Many people today do not realise how driving a vehicle can affect people's daily living. Currently in China, people are fighting for their lives because
of the amount of emission that vehicles put out into the atmosphere. Whether individuals have efficient vehicles that do not harm or pollute the
atmosphere or lack efficient vehicles, the quality of air is an issue that affects, not just China, but the entire world. The following articles will discuss
what is better for China's environment through different areas such as ethos, logos, and pathos. In the article "The Health Effects of Beijing's Smog,"
by Devon Haynie will discuss ways to help China through logos and pathos, but lacks ethos. While Jennifer Duggan, (2014), in the article "China to
Scrap Millions of Cars to Ease Pollution," will discuss different ways to prevent vehicle pollution using ethos, logos, and pathos. Devon Haynie,
(2017), uses pathos in his article, "The Health Effects of Beijing's Smog", to persuade the readers that vehicle pollution affects the health of the public.
She explains this by stating, "... But for the elderly, children and people with existing health conditions, it's a different story. In those cases, it's best to
...show more content...
Jennifer includes emotion, with facts and authority. However, when it comes to pathos or ethos, Jennifer uses more facts to show emotion and how
vehicle pollution affects not only family and friends but the whole country itself. For example, she provides further explanation to her statement that
vehicles let off gases that are harmful to not only the environment but people living in that environment by explaining, "According to figures published
by Xinhua, 31.1 percent of air pollution in Beijing comes from vehicle exhaust emissions" ( Duggan, 2014 para. 8). Overall, Jennifer did an astounding
job conducting a research paper over vehicle pollution in China using ethos, pathos, and
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Essay about Pollution
Pollution has become a major issue over the years because it contaminates the Earth's environment and affects human health. While some environmental
pollution is a result of natural causes such as volcanic eruptions, most is caused by human activities. The increase of various types of pollution has
made cancer pollutant more prevalent among the people, raising the risk of getting cancer. After being exposed to theses pollutants, the effects may be
immediate or delayed. Some of the delayed effects, due to the exposure, can go unnoticed for many years. Another major issue thatpollution creates is
the tremendous cost for preventing and cleaning it up. However, we can not regulate the pollutants to the extent where there are no more possible...show
more content...
One possible way to control the carcinogenic pollutant is to get a bill passed by Congress, which makes it mandatory for industrial places to reduce the
amount of pollution they create. By reducing the amount of pollution production, the exposure level of the carcinogenic pollutant will decrease. This
law enforces the industrial companies to establish new methods and strategies to create their products with less pollution distribution in the end. As
another preventive measure, there are products available to the population that contains carcinogenic elements that can be taken off the market until
they are redesigned and approved by the government. One last effort to regulate the cancer pollutant is to increase the funds for research so that we
can have a better understanding of cancer and how to cure it. Consequently, we can create better drugs available to the population, which can decrease
the chances of people, with cancer, from dying.
Now that we have the regulations into effect, the next thing to do is determine appropriate levels of exposure and the risk level. However, this raises
the question of how do determine what a human life is worth. There is no conclusive answer to this question, so we have to take risks. If we take the
total number of deaths that occur every year in the world or a particular country and divide that by the number deaths
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Cause And Effects : Vehicles And Air Pollution?
Erik Castellanos David Godoy English 1A
6 December 2017
Vehicles and Air Pollution
For over many decades man has come up with way to get from point A to point B .
Our innovative minds have helped us pursue this thought of finding the quickest transport. It was not until 1886 when a German man know as Carl
Benz had created something that would change the world forever. Carl Benz had began the first production of motor vehicles with internal combustion
engines. There was an unknown outcome from these engines though, which was the terrible pollution they emitted into the air. For many years, man
was oblivious to the pollution they were causing into the atmosphere.
In America, the four–stroke vehicles were not introduced until the 1900's. The first car produced in a mass amount was the Oldsmobile in 1901. It
produced only three–horsepower and only 425 of them were sold, but by 1904 over five thousand were sold across the United States. In June of 1903,
the famous Ford Motor Company was founded by Henry Ford. The Ford Motor Company is a staple of American automotive manufacturing. This was
not Henry Ford's first introduction into the automotive industry as he had previously had ties to the Detroit automobile company. Ford Motor Company
would be incorporated with a total of 12 investors making up 1000 shares for the entire company. The company started production with the Ford Model
A and when the vehicle
1
went up for sale the company had a total of $223 in the Ford bank
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The invention of the automobile is one important invention that has been taken for granted. Other forms of transportation do provide a means to
transport people and good, but lack the combined versatility of speed of the automobile. The automobile has replaced many other forms of
transportation and has improved the lives of many people. The automobile has brought people the ability to commute to places that would be out of
their reach normally. Without the automobile many people would be unable to commute to jobs that are a long distance away. Other forms of
transportation are not always viable options for commutes. Trains have the downfall that they do not go down other streets since they are limited to
where train tracks have been laid...show more content...
There is no set path such as a railroad track to hinder its path. The automobile is a versatile transportation for commuting, moving goods, or providing
emergency services. Many lives have been saved, economies have been created or expanded by automobiles. Automobiles have become so
commonplace that the benefits are not realized day to
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Nariobi's Vehicle Pollution
Nairobi's Vehicle Pollution and the Lack of Public Transportation
Kenya, like many other developing countries in Africa, is experiencing a rapid growth of urbanization. Many cities and towns have grown in
population size and have also expanded spatially to form huge metropolitan regions. The rapid urbanization also generates a lot of economic and
environmental problems and challenges. Nairobi is one such metropolitan region that follows this trend in Kenya. With the demand for cars in Kenya
rising every day, so is the level of air pollution. Vehicles contribute to this evil at a very high level. But there are ways of helping reduce the amount of
pollution caused by car emissions. The gases expelled from petrol engine cars contain carbon...show more content...
The Park is located within the city of Nairobi, which is the only city in the world to have a large assemblage of wildlife in its metropolis. The park is
a major rhino sanctuary and supports the second largest animal migration after the Masaai Mara. The benefits of the park include recreation,
environmental education, employment and income generation. The park is also an important carbon sink for Nairobi. However, too much carbon can
harm the vegetation. In recent years, the parks' surrounding land area has been sold to private landowners (Gakuo 29). Changing land use and
subdivision of land are diminishing animal biodiversity and reducing wildlife migratory corridors. Human–wildlife conflicts have thus arisen while air
pollution and poor waste management from human activity are compounding the situation (Gakuo 29). The city's poor air quality is migrating to the
wildlife's environment without any habitat consideration. By developing conservation education programs for communities and collaborative
institutions, citizens will be able to recognize their environmental influences when using motor vehicles. To resist further damaging effects, collectively,
the city of Nairobi needs to take serious action and find a way to limit the amount of vehicles constantly using the roads.
If groups of people
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Air Pollution from Vehicles
Air Pollution from Vehicles
Jacqueline Alcantar
University of Phoenix
Kieste Mayfield
October 24, 2010
Automobiles as well as other mobile vehicles are one of the largest contributors to polluting our air on a daily basis. While these vehicles produce
green house gases such as carbon monoxide, they are also contaminating the air with many other air pollutants and air toxins. By finding alternative
fuel sources will be one of the solutions to curb the emissions that produce the pollutions.
As smaller cities grow larger in human population our amount of vehicles used daily increases as well. Along with the vehicles we operate come
many problems we may see on a regular basis. Some problems you do not see until it is too late to reverse....show more content...
The ozone is being destroyed due to chlorofluorocarbons. This chemical is emitted from the vehicle and will form ground level ozone or smog. This
allows higher UV–b levels to reach the earth's surface and will cause harm to crops and plants under the oceans water.
When it comes to pollution from vehicles it is known as being man made. Something that is man– made we have control over. We can produce both
positive and negative impacts. As many the amount of miles we drive to keep our economy and life style going as doubled over the years, the need
for vehicles has come to an all time high. Since we can't eliminate vehicles all together it would be a positive thing to inherit in alternative fuel
sources. This would be a positive impact on our health and environment. For those who can make the sacrifices of eliminating vehicle use by riding
electrical scooters or bicycles would be doing the most positive impact on eliminating the problems. Negative impacts we as humans have on pollution
from vehicles is being uneducated about the understandings and seriousness of the problems occurring. Some of us think the less we know the better off.
Currently there is a way to reduce the amount of air pollution being emitted from automobiles. Although they are very pricey an electric car can do
wonders. With electricity being used means no gas. No gas would lead to no carbons. No gas also leads to no costly trips
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Essay about Pollution
Pollution
Pollution is the introduction of harmful substances or products into the environment. It is a major problem in America and as well as the world.
Pollution not only damages the environment, but damages us also. It has cause many problems ranging from lung cancer to the greenhouse effect. It is
all among us but we continue to live in our own filth. What is the reason behind this flawed logic? In this paper I will examine the problems and
solutions for this issue.
Automobiles are undeniable the greatest source of pollution. The noise pollution created by cars is immense. Another polluting effect of cars is the
heat it creates. This heat makes it unpleasant to be near the car while its running. And of course the most famous...show more content...
American citizens throw away millions of tons of garbage each year, and this trash has to go somewhere. While there are projects underway to clean
and reuse this refuse most of it gets dumped into huge landfills. These landfills are disgusting festering blisters on our country's landscape. But people
continue to consume and throw away more and more in the name of convenience. As they see it, when things get old, throw it away and get a new one.
They blame the government for the trash problem, but the truth blame should be placed on themselves.
The last great source of pollution lays in the businesses. Although not common, businesses have been known to dump their waste products into streams,
lakes, and rivers. This may seem like a relatively small occurrence that really is not your concern, but you're wrong. Each time one of these companies
pollutes there are horrible consequences to pay. Mutations, destroyed ecosystems, and human death have all occurred as a direct result of illegal
dumping. It contaminates our drinking water and soil. It causes entire communities of humans (not to mention animals) to move on to new places not
to return for at least a century. The pollutants dumped by industry are so concentrated that a single barrel can destroy an entire lake's ecosystem. Not
only do companies dump chemicals, but also hot water. This hot water kills most life it comes into contact with, but also causes an overgrowth
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Vehicle Pollution And Vehicle Pollution
If we have a look at traffic today, we see more and more cars that are powered by electricity instead of the ecologically harmful fuel most cars used to
drag their power from. Although the first electric car was invented by the Scottish inventor Robert Anderson between 1832 and 1839, a crude electric
carriage powered by non–rechargeable primary cells, between now and then the majority of cars we found on the streets were powered by fuel. But
still, although more than 2 million electric vehicles now travel the world's roads, they only make up 0.2 percent of the total light–duty passenger vehicle
share around the world. And still, this is a major step in the right direction. In 2016, the number of electric cars increased by 60 percent, and in 2015
by 77 percent. Electric cars sure are in the ascendant, just why is that a good thing? The answer is quite simple and everywhere known; vehicle pollution
. And because this vehicle pollution is a major problem for us and our environment, the negative externalities of this vehicle pollution are going to be
analyzed and advice on how to solve or better, get rid of the problem, is going to be offered.
To start off, here is a short definition of what exactly negative externalities are. They are costs that are suffered by a third party. These costs are also
called the social welfare loss. Producer and consumer are the first and second parties, third parties on the other hand are individual people other than
producer and consumer, property
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automobile pollution Essay
Automobile Pollution.
Automobiles can cause many different kinds of pollution in the environment. Air, health and groundwater pollution are of the most common. The
reasons for these problems can be contributed to exhaust systems and light switches that are standard equipment on most cars today.
Older and newer cars alike are equipped with a catalytic converter system. Which are supposed to convert hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen
oxides into harmless materials emitted from the automobiles engine. According to Robert Harley, when nitrogen oxide from the engines exhaust is
"over– reduced," a complex chemical reaction ensues. Ammonia gas (NH3) forms in the catalytic...show more content...
When these vehicles are destroyed the mercury seeps out into the environment and is absorbed into the ground eventually to make its way in to our
water supplies. While in the water it can contaminate the fish that in turn we end up eating. Another way the mercury makes it way into the
environment is during the process of melting the vehicles in steel furnaces where the mercury vaporizes into the air. (Mercury 1) These particles then
can act as a contribution to global warming.
Ford has been urged to remove these mercury switches and replace them with a ball bearing switch that costs about 38 cents in all vehicles that are
brought in for service, repair, or recall. As of right now Ford has no plans of removing these mercury switches in any of its serviced vehicles. But Ford
is currently working with the Alliance of Automobile Manufactures and the Association of International Automobile Manufactures and
waste–management directors to eliminate and replace the switches containing mercury in their upcoming vehicles. (Mercury 2) If Ford and other car
companies that use mercury switches decide to do this it can eliminate up to 2.5 tons of mercury from our environment.
The problems of automobile pollution mentioned above are only a small portion of the pollution problems we face from automobiles. Many people
wonder how these and many other problems that automobiles cause can be fixed, and many have come up
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Car Pollution Essay

  • 1. Car Pollution Essay The words pollution and automobile are synonymous, and as long as vehicles still use fossil fuels to run, that won't change. Consumers, communities, and the environment are key stakeholders the auto industry has to consider when it comes to pollution. More energy–efficient, hybrid or electric vehicles can increase customer satisfaction and add to the company's business performance. For instance, fuel consumption is an assumption of performance and is very important for consumers. Thus, automotive companies have to come up with great designs with minimal consumption of resources and raw materials; engines that give more mileage and less fuel consumption. Given that consumers are the most important stakeholders, communities of these consumers also want vehicles with the lowest emissions possible with hopes of keeping the air around them clean and healthy. Once again, these informal bands and communities of consumers have large amounts of power based on buying power alone, and can significantly impact an automobile company's business. A vehicle's environmental impact can be easily measured through miles per gallon and measures of emissions. In 2011, President Barrack Obama and automobile companies agreed to raise fuel efficiency standards to meet an average of 54.5 miles per gallon by 2025. This will lead to more fuel–efficient vehicles that will consume less gas, thus burning less fuel and emitting fewer emissions into the air. Also, according to the Obama administration, this Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 2. As a means to address measurable levels of emitted pollutants and the effect of GHGs, the EPA took a position to take initial common sense steps to limit greenhouse gas pollution from large sources by implementing the following actions: U.S. vehicle pollution control under the Clean Air Act пѓ The EPA and the National Highway and Traffic Safety Administration between 2010 and 2012 issued the first nationalgreenhouse gas emission standards and fuel economy standards for cars and light trucks for model years 2012–2025, and for medium– and heavy–duty trucks for 2014–2018. Proposed truck standards for 2018 and beyond were announced in June 2015. (EPA 2015) GHG permitting for large stationary sources covered by the Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) and title V Operating Permit Programs. пѓ The EPA and states in 2011 began requiring preconstruction permits that limit greenhouse gas emissions from large new stationary sources– such as power plants, refineries, cement plants, and steel mills – when they are built or undergo major modification. (EPA 2015) The EPA announced the Clean Power Plan as an important step in reducing carbon pollution from power plants that takes real action on climate change. пѓ The Clean Power Plan cuts harmful carbon pollution from the power sector that's fueling climate change and shows the world that the United States is committed to leading global efforts to address climate change. (EPA 2015) пѓ August 3, 2015, EPA issued the Carbon Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 3. The current vehicles that are powered by gasoline pollute, but as technologies improve and the human way of life changes alternatively powered vehicles enter the automotive industry. These vehicles were developed to achieve better gas mileage and to help slow the production of the gasses that cause Global Warming. The hybrid vehicle is one of the most popular alternatively powered vehicles. Hybridelectric vehicles are energy efficient cars or trucks that run on an internal combustion engine of a gas vehicle with the battery and electric motor of an electric vehicle. This results in twice the fuel economy of gas vehicles. These hybrid electric vehicles consume fewer natural resources than gas vehicles and produce almost no emission...show more content... The hybrid electric cars have several advantages over the gas guzzling cars that are already out there. The hybrid cars greatest advantage is that they almost release zero emissions into the atmosphere. These cars use their brakes to regenerate power to the batteries. When the car is slowing down it takes the energy being released when slowing the car down. The result is a use of energy that does not require the car to be plugged in. The cars reduce the dependency on fossil fuels because they are run on alternative fuels. By combining gasoline with electric power, hybrids will have the same or greater range than traditional combustion engines. Hybrid electric cars are normally divided into the subtypes of either series or parallel, which refers to the way in which the engine supplies power to the propulsion system. In the series hybrid, a heat engine powers a generator, which either charges the battery or supplies power directly to the propulsion circuit and thereby reduces demand on the batter. In a parallel hybrid, the heat engine delivers mechanical power directly to the drive train, and the generator is eliminated. The series hybrid is used mostly in the design of today's hybrids, because of the lighter, smaller, and more powerful gensets that have been developed. Energy and power requirements are based on a Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 4. The Internal Combustion Engine Essay The internal combustion engine has become an integral part of the lives of every person on earth. They're the devices that have allowed us to cross continents reliably, generate electricity in remote areas and fly around the world in a matter of hours. All these engines do is burn fuel and convert its energy into work. It's these heat engines that have really changed the world. However the convenience they bring has come at a great cost. The major problem with the internal combustion engine is the environmental damage it has caused. It is only now we are beginning to realise the full extent of this damage. In the mid–seventies basic steps were taken to reduce the pollution caused by cars, which of course at...show more content... One of the earliest emission control requirements was to prevent this by using 'Positive Crankcase Ventilation' or P.C.V. This is where this unburned fuel would be routed into the inlet manifold for burning. The last form of pollutant that was causing problems was fuel evaporation. This is where fuel would evaporate and then would be allowed to escape through a vented cap. This was stopped by venting it, in most cases, to a charcoal canister where it would be stored to be burnt later in the combustion process. The Australia Design Rule 27A (ADR–27A) was introduced in July 1976. This was the first major emission control requirement in Australia. It addressed the issues of vehicle emissions and car manufactures were required to abide by it in order to reduce the emissions of their cars. The world is learning to a greater extent that vehicle pollution is a real problem and great advancements have been made in making the internal combustion engine an environmentally friendly and efficient machine. Things such as E.F.I and catalytic converters are standard equipment on even the most mundane of new cars. The lives of old leaded fuel burning engines are being extended through the development of lead–free, high–octane fuel. These are necessary steps, but more needs to be done. I believe that the internal combustion engine fuelled by fossil fuels will remain the staple source of power for us for Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 5. Petrol Cars And Air Pollution Believe it or not but Petrol cars cause instant and long term impacts on the Earth. It transmits an extensive variety of gasses which leads to global warming, hurting nature, acid rains and also affects human wellbeing. The noise of the engine and fuel leakages additionally cause air pollution. Petrol /Diesel cars, trucks, busses and all other different types of transportation are the single biggest supporter of air pollution in the United States, however due to the advanced technologies and innovations, it is possible to reduce impact on the environment by using electric cars. Many countries in the world have taken initiatives to reduce car pollution. Some of them are UK, China, Scotland, India, Germany and many more. Couple of months ago ...show more content... It is predicted that these numbers will keep on rising over the coming decades. It doesn't only affect us but it affects globally and everyone such as wildlife, ocean levels, farming and many more. The effects of car pollution are boundless, affecting water, soil and air quality. Nitrous oxide is one of the main reasons for the depletion of the ozone layer. The ozone layer is the layer which protects us from harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun. Acid rains are caused because of Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide which are again emitted by cars. These gases not only damages our health but also damages forests, vegetation and crops. The spills of oils and fuel that we see from cars near highways pollutes rivers, lakes and oceans. The one of the biggest reasons for switching to electric cars is that petrol cars not only affects environment but it affects human health too. Diesel motors radiate high levels of gasses, which consists of ash and metal. These causes eye and skin irritation and hypersensitiveness. These small particles of ash and metal can enter our lungs which can lead to respiratory issues. Chest pains and coughing can also be caused by Ozone layer because ozone layer inflames lungs hence it makes it hard to breathe and relax. Carbon monoxide is one of the Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 6. Electrical Vehicles and Benefits to the Environment There is a serious problem facing the world right now. It is air pollution. The number one contributor to this epidemic is automobile emissions. We have all heard of the issues that are involved with air pollution including the depletion of the o–zone layer, the green house effect, and acid rain. The problem has been scoped from every imaginable angle, and now it is time to solve the problem. I propose that each of the 'Big Three' (Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler) car manufacturers be required to have 10% of their product line as EV's By the year 2010. I propose this because it will be the start of cleaner air, EV advancement, and awareness of EV's and how they work....show more content... in the morning without you, the house owner, being awoke." (Background to our EV Project) This was a justifiable cause for people to create the electric vehicle in the first place but it does not tell why the electric car has had a resurrection. It wasn't until the early 1970's that car manufacturers saw a need to restrict the pollutants from their automobiles. Thus came the advancements of new emission controlling components in the vehicles. There was the catalytic converter which changed carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide, this change still resulted in pollution but significantly decreased the harm done. Next came EGR which is Exhaust Gas Recirculation and forces unburned gas from the exhaust back into the engine making the car far more fuel efficient and environmentally friendly. Unfortunately the next thing to follow was a serious toning down of the power of the engines. The earlier thoughts were that bigger and more powerful were better, however these types of cars sent pollution caused by automobiles into an exponential growth. The internal combustion engine vehicles that are on the road right now account for the vast majority of the air pollution around the world. The electric vehicles, however, have zero emissions. If this proposal is passed, then the condition of the urban airways will be Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 7. Vehicle Pollution Essay 1.6Vehicular Pollution Problems in India Vehicles are one of the major sources of air pollution in major cities. The air pollution due to vehicles can be attributed to following: a)High vehicle density in Indian urban centres result in air pollution build–up near the roadways and at traffic intersections. b)Older vehicles are predominant in vehicle vintage. These older vehicles are grossly polluting though in cities like Delhi grossly polluting vehicles have been phased out. c)Inadequate inspection and maintenance facilities result in high emission of air pollutants from vehicles. Emission can be reduced by proper and regular inspection and maintenance of vehicles. d)There is large number of two stroke two wheelers in most of the cities and these two–wheelers are a significant contributor of air pollution. e)Adulteration of fuel and fuel products also result in high emissions from vehicles. f)Improper traffic management system and road conditions also result in build–up of air pollutants near the roadways as the emissions are higher when the vehicle is idling. g)Absence of effective mass rapid transport system and intra–city railway networks has resulted in people using their own vehicles for commuting to workplace. This has resulted in uncontrolled growth of vehicles. h)High population exodus to the urban centres has also resulted in increase in number of vehicles resulting in high levels of vehicular air pollution. Major manmade sources of Respirable Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 8. Car Emissions and Global Warming Essay "1 gallon of gas =24 pounds of global warming emissions" (UCSUSA). Many of the people in our world today don't understand just how much The Automobile affects us, our lives, and the world we live in. Undoubtedly, the invention of the car has changed our perspective on the different technology created over the past years. However, cars are some of the leading factors towards one of the largest ongoing problems occurring in our world today. That problem goes by the name ofglobal warming. "Since 1990, Transportation has been one of the fastest growing sources of U.S. GHG" (U.S.D.T), otherwise known as Greenhouse gasses. In which most of us know; global warming affects our health, environment, weather, and ultimately our lives. It is a...show more content... The U.S government has been actively involved in overseeing emission standards for years. This corresponds with the statement made by the U.S Department of transportation that, "Transportation is the largest end–use sector emitting CO2", and also the statement released by the NRCAN in which, "Fuel usage & carbon dioxide emissions have grown steadily over the past two decades." These factors are only to be associated with your average four door sedan and/or light truck. These do not include your 18 wheelers, heavy trucks, or the gas guzzling vans that emit more carbon dioxide into the air and are also on the road more today than ever have been before. Cars are readily and easily obtainable more so now than ever have been. This creates more fuel to be burned up in which produces more toxins to be constantly released into the atmosphere. In fact, according to Scientific American "cars relate as much as 30 gallons of GHG, while only driving 3 miles." These miles can be correlated with something just as simple as your average work commute. According to the United States Census Bureau, "Nearly 600,000 full–time workers had "megacommutes" of at least 90 minutes and 50 miles." Those workers alone would each be releasing up to 500 gallons of GHG. These can be considered some of the bigger factors that the greenhouse gasses have taken a toll on. Alongside the uprising rate of cars and the steady growth of GHG emitted, is the influence our vehicles Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 9. Vehicle Pollution Using Ethos Pathos Logos Many people today do not realise how driving a vehicle can affect people's daily living. Currently in China, people are fighting for their lives because of the amount of emission that vehicles put out into the atmosphere. Whether individuals have efficient vehicles that do not harm or pollute the atmosphere or lack efficient vehicles, the quality of air is an issue that affects, not just China, but the entire world. The following articles will discuss what is better for China's environment through different areas such as ethos, logos, and pathos. In the article "The Health Effects of Beijing's Smog," by Devon Haynie will discuss ways to help China through logos and pathos, but lacks ethos. While Jennifer Duggan, (2014), in the article "China to Scrap Millions of Cars to Ease Pollution," will discuss different ways to prevent vehicle pollution using ethos, logos, and pathos. Devon Haynie, (2017), uses pathos in his article, "The Health Effects of Beijing's Smog", to persuade the readers that vehicle pollution affects the health of the public. She explains this by stating, "... But for the elderly, children and people with existing health conditions, it's a different story. In those cases, it's best to ...show more content... Jennifer includes emotion, with facts and authority. However, when it comes to pathos or ethos, Jennifer uses more facts to show emotion and how vehicle pollution affects not only family and friends but the whole country itself. For example, she provides further explanation to her statement that vehicles let off gases that are harmful to not only the environment but people living in that environment by explaining, "According to figures published by Xinhua, 31.1 percent of air pollution in Beijing comes from vehicle exhaust emissions" ( Duggan, 2014 para. 8). Overall, Jennifer did an astounding job conducting a research paper over vehicle pollution in China using ethos, pathos, and Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 10. Essay about Pollution Pollution has become a major issue over the years because it contaminates the Earth's environment and affects human health. While some environmental pollution is a result of natural causes such as volcanic eruptions, most is caused by human activities. The increase of various types of pollution has made cancer pollutant more prevalent among the people, raising the risk of getting cancer. After being exposed to theses pollutants, the effects may be immediate or delayed. Some of the delayed effects, due to the exposure, can go unnoticed for many years. Another major issue thatpollution creates is the tremendous cost for preventing and cleaning it up. However, we can not regulate the pollutants to the extent where there are no more possible...show more content... One possible way to control the carcinogenic pollutant is to get a bill passed by Congress, which makes it mandatory for industrial places to reduce the amount of pollution they create. By reducing the amount of pollution production, the exposure level of the carcinogenic pollutant will decrease. This law enforces the industrial companies to establish new methods and strategies to create their products with less pollution distribution in the end. As another preventive measure, there are products available to the population that contains carcinogenic elements that can be taken off the market until they are redesigned and approved by the government. One last effort to regulate the cancer pollutant is to increase the funds for research so that we can have a better understanding of cancer and how to cure it. Consequently, we can create better drugs available to the population, which can decrease the chances of people, with cancer, from dying. Now that we have the regulations into effect, the next thing to do is determine appropriate levels of exposure and the risk level. However, this raises the question of how do determine what a human life is worth. There is no conclusive answer to this question, so we have to take risks. If we take the total number of deaths that occur every year in the world or a particular country and divide that by the number deaths Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 11. Cause And Effects : Vehicles And Air Pollution? Erik Castellanos David Godoy English 1A 6 December 2017 Vehicles and Air Pollution For over many decades man has come up with way to get from point A to point B . Our innovative minds have helped us pursue this thought of finding the quickest transport. It was not until 1886 when a German man know as Carl Benz had created something that would change the world forever. Carl Benz had began the first production of motor vehicles with internal combustion engines. There was an unknown outcome from these engines though, which was the terrible pollution they emitted into the air. For many years, man was oblivious to the pollution they were causing into the atmosphere. In America, the four–stroke vehicles were not introduced until the 1900's. The first car produced in a mass amount was the Oldsmobile in 1901. It produced only three–horsepower and only 425 of them were sold, but by 1904 over five thousand were sold across the United States. In June of 1903, the famous Ford Motor Company was founded by Henry Ford. The Ford Motor Company is a staple of American automotive manufacturing. This was not Henry Ford's first introduction into the automotive industry as he had previously had ties to the Detroit automobile company. Ford Motor Company would be incorporated with a total of 12 investors making up 1000 shares for the entire company. The company started production with the Ford Model A and when the vehicle 1 went up for sale the company had a total of $223 in the Ford bank Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 12. The invention of the automobile is one important invention that has been taken for granted. Other forms of transportation do provide a means to transport people and good, but lack the combined versatility of speed of the automobile. The automobile has replaced many other forms of transportation and has improved the lives of many people. The automobile has brought people the ability to commute to places that would be out of their reach normally. Without the automobile many people would be unable to commute to jobs that are a long distance away. Other forms of transportation are not always viable options for commutes. Trains have the downfall that they do not go down other streets since they are limited to where train tracks have been laid...show more content... There is no set path such as a railroad track to hinder its path. The automobile is a versatile transportation for commuting, moving goods, or providing emergency services. Many lives have been saved, economies have been created or expanded by automobiles. Automobiles have become so commonplace that the benefits are not realized day to Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 13. Nariobi's Vehicle Pollution Nairobi's Vehicle Pollution and the Lack of Public Transportation Kenya, like many other developing countries in Africa, is experiencing a rapid growth of urbanization. Many cities and towns have grown in population size and have also expanded spatially to form huge metropolitan regions. The rapid urbanization also generates a lot of economic and environmental problems and challenges. Nairobi is one such metropolitan region that follows this trend in Kenya. With the demand for cars in Kenya rising every day, so is the level of air pollution. Vehicles contribute to this evil at a very high level. But there are ways of helping reduce the amount of pollution caused by car emissions. The gases expelled from petrol engine cars contain carbon...show more content... The Park is located within the city of Nairobi, which is the only city in the world to have a large assemblage of wildlife in its metropolis. The park is a major rhino sanctuary and supports the second largest animal migration after the Masaai Mara. The benefits of the park include recreation, environmental education, employment and income generation. The park is also an important carbon sink for Nairobi. However, too much carbon can harm the vegetation. In recent years, the parks' surrounding land area has been sold to private landowners (Gakuo 29). Changing land use and subdivision of land are diminishing animal biodiversity and reducing wildlife migratory corridors. Human–wildlife conflicts have thus arisen while air pollution and poor waste management from human activity are compounding the situation (Gakuo 29). The city's poor air quality is migrating to the wildlife's environment without any habitat consideration. By developing conservation education programs for communities and collaborative institutions, citizens will be able to recognize their environmental influences when using motor vehicles. To resist further damaging effects, collectively, the city of Nairobi needs to take serious action and find a way to limit the amount of vehicles constantly using the roads. If groups of people Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 14. Air Pollution from Vehicles Air Pollution from Vehicles Jacqueline Alcantar University of Phoenix Kieste Mayfield October 24, 2010 Automobiles as well as other mobile vehicles are one of the largest contributors to polluting our air on a daily basis. While these vehicles produce green house gases such as carbon monoxide, they are also contaminating the air with many other air pollutants and air toxins. By finding alternative fuel sources will be one of the solutions to curb the emissions that produce the pollutions. As smaller cities grow larger in human population our amount of vehicles used daily increases as well. Along with the vehicles we operate come many problems we may see on a regular basis. Some problems you do not see until it is too late to reverse....show more content... The ozone is being destroyed due to chlorofluorocarbons. This chemical is emitted from the vehicle and will form ground level ozone or smog. This allows higher UV–b levels to reach the earth's surface and will cause harm to crops and plants under the oceans water. When it comes to pollution from vehicles it is known as being man made. Something that is man– made we have control over. We can produce both positive and negative impacts. As many the amount of miles we drive to keep our economy and life style going as doubled over the years, the need for vehicles has come to an all time high. Since we can't eliminate vehicles all together it would be a positive thing to inherit in alternative fuel sources. This would be a positive impact on our health and environment. For those who can make the sacrifices of eliminating vehicle use by riding electrical scooters or bicycles would be doing the most positive impact on eliminating the problems. Negative impacts we as humans have on pollution from vehicles is being uneducated about the understandings and seriousness of the problems occurring. Some of us think the less we know the better off. Currently there is a way to reduce the amount of air pollution being emitted from automobiles. Although they are very pricey an electric car can do wonders. With electricity being used means no gas. No gas would lead to no carbons. No gas also leads to no costly trips
  • 15. Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 16. Essay about Pollution Pollution Pollution is the introduction of harmful substances or products into the environment. It is a major problem in America and as well as the world. Pollution not only damages the environment, but damages us also. It has cause many problems ranging from lung cancer to the greenhouse effect. It is all among us but we continue to live in our own filth. What is the reason behind this flawed logic? In this paper I will examine the problems and solutions for this issue. Automobiles are undeniable the greatest source of pollution. The noise pollution created by cars is immense. Another polluting effect of cars is the heat it creates. This heat makes it unpleasant to be near the car while its running. And of course the most famous...show more content... American citizens throw away millions of tons of garbage each year, and this trash has to go somewhere. While there are projects underway to clean and reuse this refuse most of it gets dumped into huge landfills. These landfills are disgusting festering blisters on our country's landscape. But people continue to consume and throw away more and more in the name of convenience. As they see it, when things get old, throw it away and get a new one. They blame the government for the trash problem, but the truth blame should be placed on themselves. The last great source of pollution lays in the businesses. Although not common, businesses have been known to dump their waste products into streams, lakes, and rivers. This may seem like a relatively small occurrence that really is not your concern, but you're wrong. Each time one of these companies pollutes there are horrible consequences to pay. Mutations, destroyed ecosystems, and human death have all occurred as a direct result of illegal dumping. It contaminates our drinking water and soil. It causes entire communities of humans (not to mention animals) to move on to new places not to return for at least a century. The pollutants dumped by industry are so concentrated that a single barrel can destroy an entire lake's ecosystem. Not only do companies dump chemicals, but also hot water. This hot water kills most life it comes into contact with, but also causes an overgrowth Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 17. Vehicle Pollution And Vehicle Pollution If we have a look at traffic today, we see more and more cars that are powered by electricity instead of the ecologically harmful fuel most cars used to drag their power from. Although the first electric car was invented by the Scottish inventor Robert Anderson between 1832 and 1839, a crude electric carriage powered by non–rechargeable primary cells, between now and then the majority of cars we found on the streets were powered by fuel. But still, although more than 2 million electric vehicles now travel the world's roads, they only make up 0.2 percent of the total light–duty passenger vehicle share around the world. And still, this is a major step in the right direction. In 2016, the number of electric cars increased by 60 percent, and in 2015 by 77 percent. Electric cars sure are in the ascendant, just why is that a good thing? The answer is quite simple and everywhere known; vehicle pollution . And because this vehicle pollution is a major problem for us and our environment, the negative externalities of this vehicle pollution are going to be analyzed and advice on how to solve or better, get rid of the problem, is going to be offered. To start off, here is a short definition of what exactly negative externalities are. They are costs that are suffered by a third party. These costs are also called the social welfare loss. Producer and consumer are the first and second parties, third parties on the other hand are individual people other than producer and consumer, property Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 18. automobile pollution Essay Automobile Pollution. Automobiles can cause many different kinds of pollution in the environment. Air, health and groundwater pollution are of the most common. The reasons for these problems can be contributed to exhaust systems and light switches that are standard equipment on most cars today. Older and newer cars alike are equipped with a catalytic converter system. Which are supposed to convert hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides into harmless materials emitted from the automobiles engine. According to Robert Harley, when nitrogen oxide from the engines exhaust is "over– reduced," a complex chemical reaction ensues. Ammonia gas (NH3) forms in the catalytic...show more content... When these vehicles are destroyed the mercury seeps out into the environment and is absorbed into the ground eventually to make its way in to our water supplies. While in the water it can contaminate the fish that in turn we end up eating. Another way the mercury makes it way into the environment is during the process of melting the vehicles in steel furnaces where the mercury vaporizes into the air. (Mercury 1) These particles then can act as a contribution to global warming. Ford has been urged to remove these mercury switches and replace them with a ball bearing switch that costs about 38 cents in all vehicles that are brought in for service, repair, or recall. As of right now Ford has no plans of removing these mercury switches in any of its serviced vehicles. But Ford is currently working with the Alliance of Automobile Manufactures and the Association of International Automobile Manufactures and waste–management directors to eliminate and replace the switches containing mercury in their upcoming vehicles. (Mercury 2) If Ford and other car companies that use mercury switches decide to do this it can eliminate up to 2.5 tons of mercury from our environment. The problems of automobile pollution mentioned above are only a small portion of the pollution problems we face from automobiles. Many people wonder how these and many other problems that automobiles cause can be fixed, and many have come up Get more content on HelpWriting.net