it i based on computer network.

1. TOPOLOGY
(COMPUTER NETWORK)
BY:- PARIDHI GAUR
CLASS- BCA 6TH SEMESTER

2. Types Of Topologies
There are 6 types of topologies:-
•Bus Topology
•Ring Topology
•Star Topology
•Mesh Topology
•Tree Topology
•Hybrid Topology
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3. TOPOLOGY:-
Topology is based on connectivity.
The interconnectionmethod of computers
in a network is known as topology.
A Topology is a physical and logical of
nodes and connection in a network.
A Topology is the structure or pattern in
which each and every node in a network is
connected.
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4. (N-1) cable link are required
within bus topology information
sent through it is not renewed
and resend from device to
device. Due to this, the
computers are safe from
crashing down if one of the
network fails.
The main problem with Bus
Topology is Data collision,
when any of 2 nodes trying to
transmit data at the same time,
collision occurs.
To reduce collision we use
technique named as CSMA/CD.
BUS TOPOLOGY:-

5. Advantages and Disadvantages of Bus
Topology:-
ADVANTAGES
• Cheapest Topology.
• Easy to Install.
• Easy to Extend.
• Adding/Removing of nodes is very easy.
• Failure of one station doesn’t effect
others.
DISADVANTAGES
• If Backbone cable is damaged then your
entire Network will be shutdown.
• High chances of Data collision.
• Low security.
• One wire can effect entire Network.
• Not suitable for longer run (not more
than 100 meters).
• This system is now out of date.
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6. N cable link are required. The
Ring Topology is self-explanatory
in the sense that the cables are
managed in a ring shape. The
cable connect to each computer
which allows the signals to go
through each device. It is not
likely that it will obtain any
problems during its function.
However, if there are any
problems with the cable then the
whole system will go down and no
computers will be able to connect
to the network.
In Ring Topology, data
transmission takes place in the
form of tokens.
A token is special data packet
which consists sender’s address,
data and receiver’s address.
Ring TOPOLOGY:-

7. Advantages and Disadvantages of Ring
Topology
ADVANTAGES
• Fast transmission speed.
• Less chance of collision.
• Every node act as a repeater.
DISADVANTAGES
• If there is any damage to the ring, your
entire network will fail.
• Expensive Topology.
• Adding/Removing of nodes is very
difficult.
• Troubleshooting is a tedious task.
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8. N cable link are required.
This is the only system that
uses central hub to
connect to all the
computers. The cables
provided will travel from
each computer to the Hub
and the network will be
powered from the central
device.
The hub can be passive in
nature i.e. not an intelligent
hub such as broadcasting
devices, at the same time
the hub can be intelligent
known as an active hub.
STAR TOPOLOGY

9. Advantages and Disadvantages of Star
Topology
ADVANTAGES
• Fast transmission speed.
• Easy to install.
• Easy to extend
• Failure of one station doesn’t effect
other.
• Easily troubleshoot
DISADVANTAGES
• If central device is damaged, then your
entire network will be failed.
• Expensive topology because more
number of nodes requires more number
of cables.
• Low security.
• One virus can effect other network.
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10. N(N-1)/2 cable link are required.
The network connection allows
all the computers to be linked to
the internet. This specific
topology uses the most cable.
However, it is the system that is
less likely to fail or experience
any faults. Due to the fact that
the computers have about 3
cables running out of them, if a
failure does occur in one cable, it
won’t completely lose the
network.
Mesh Topology are of two types:-
1- Partially Connected (Only some
nodes connect directly to one
another).
2- Fully Connected (Each node is
connected directly to all the other
nodes).
where, N= no. of cables
n= no. of nodes
MESH TOPOLOGY

11. Advantages and Disadvantages of Mesh
Topology
ADVANTAGES
• Most reliable topology.
• Fastest transmission speed.
• Very few choice of collision.
DISADVANTAGES
• Highly expensive topology because
more number of nodes require more
cables in same ratio.
• Maintenance cost is a major headache.
• More number of nodes make network
structure.
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12. Extension of Bus Topology +
Star Topology.
Tree Topology is a type of
topology that resembles a
Tree.
All the computers/systems are
connected like the branches.
We can also say, a Tree
Topology is a network topology
in which the root node is at the
top and the leaves are at the
bottom.
TREE TOPOLOGY

13. Advantages and Disadvantages of Tree
Topology
ADVANTAGES
• It is reliable.
• Point-to-point writing for individual
segment.
• This topology is highly secure.
• It is used in WAN.
DISADVANTAGES
• Treatment of the topology is pretty
complex.
• The establishment cost increases as
well.
• Out of date because as compared to
other topologies it is bit slow.
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14. Mix-up of two or more
topologies.
It is used when the nodes are
free to take any form.
A network structure whose
design contains more than one
topology is said to be Hybrid
topology.
HYBRID TOPOLOGY

15. Advantages and Disadvantages of Hybrid
Topology
ADVANTAGES
• This topology is very flexible.
• The size of the network can be easily
expanded by adding new devices.
DISADVANTAGES
• It is challenging to design the
architecture of the Hybrid Network.
• Hubs used in this topology are very
expensive.
• The infrastructure cost is very high as a
Hybrid structure requires a lot cabling
and network devices.
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16. ‘A QUICK
REVISION ON
TOPOLOGY.’
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17. Summary
Network topology is the arrangement of the elements (links, nodes, etc.) of a
communication network. Network topology can be used to define or describe the
arrangement of various types of telecommunication networks,
including command and control radio networks, industrial field
busses and computer networks
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18. TOPOLOGY TYPES:-
BUS
In Bus Topology all the
nodes are connected with a
shared communication line,
which is known as
Backbone Cable or Bus.
RING
In Ring Topology, all the
nodes are connected in a
ring shape. It means each
node has bi-directional
links.
STAR
In this Topology all the
nodes are connected with a
central concentrator device
which is known as
Hub/Switch.
MESH
In Mesh Topology, all nodes
are directly connected with
each other. It means each
node has a separate path for
data transmission.
TREE
Extension of Bus Topology
+ Star Topology. Tree
Topology is a type of
topology that resembles a
Tree.
HYBRID
Mix-up of two or more
topologies. It is used when
the nodes are free to take
any form.
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19. Thank you
PARIDHI GAUR
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