This document summarizes the key questions and viewpoints discussed in several articles about war photography. The questions center around which wars the authors referred to, their opinions on the government and media's role in war photography, and their overall approaches. The authors discussed wars from the U.S. Civil War through Iraq. Their views on government and media involvement varied, with some criticizing censorship and others praising efforts to share realities of war. They had different agendas, with some wanting to reveal truths, others honoring photographers, and one taking a feminist perspective.

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Running Head: Analysis War Photography - Criticism and Review
Title: Detailed Analysis of War Photography - Criticism and Review
_______Author’s Name_______
_________Institute Name_________

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Abstract
This draft is following the previous draft that was submitted earlier. The previous draft consisted
of four main core questions. That were expressing the main idea behind the construction of such
synthesis matrix. This draft will explain those questions in brief manner but appropriately. The
four core questions were determining the different ideologies of the selected authors’, initiated in
some manner that are noticeable in their respective articles. Meanwhile, this draft will explain
those ideas in a brief manner with references, that will explain their ideologies and their relations
to those questions,which coincides with war photography.
Keywords: war, photography, author.

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Detailed Analysis of War Photography - Criticism and Review
Following are the questions on which the previous draft consisted which contained synthesis
matrix:
 Which war/wars the author/authors is/are referring to when discussing about
photography?
 What was author’s opinion regarding the government’s role in war photography?
 What was author’s opinion regarding print media (books, magazines, newspapers) role in
war photography?
 What was the main approach of the author?
Which war/wars the author/authors is/are referring to when discussing about
photography?
The main idea of this question is to create a baseline and give an understanding that which wars
the author was referring to in their relative articles. Some authors were simple upheld about a
particular incident during the war that drove them to write the article. But some were simply
evaluating the values of a particular object or subject in the history of war photography. This
question gives the perspective about what the author is going to discuss about, which particular
incident and also the time period.
Torie Rose Deghett wrote about the incidents regarding what happened mostly in Iraq war, but
briefly discussed about Vietnam as well. Her main focus was to capture the experience of the
photographer, Kenneth Jarecke.

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After the U.N.’s January 15, 1991 deadline for Iraq’s withdrawal from Kuwait came and
went, Jarecke, now certain he should go, convinced Time magazine to send him to Saudi
Arabia. He packed up his cameras and shipped out from Andrews Air Force Base on
January 17—the first day of the aerial bombing campaign against Iraq. (Deghett, 2014)
Mark Murmann seems attached to both Vietnamese and Iraq wars. His most concern was to give
a tribute to his fellow photographer, who played a main role in providing real battlefield images
to the public in both wars.
Of course, some might take exception to the characterization of Vietnam as "the real
war"—including some of the photojournalists interviewed for Michael Kamber's
exceptional Photojournalists On War: The Untold Stories from Iraq. The invasion of Iraq
was all too war. A different kind of war, but war nonetheless. (Murmann, 2013)
Carol B. Schwalbe M.A. , B. William Silcock Ph.D. & Susan Keith Ph.D. are simply evaluating
the pros and cons of the objectives related to war photography. Due to the article’s nature of
evaluation, They discussed on various wars, including, Civil war, Korean war ,Vietnam and the
Gulf War.
“ The US may be compelled to take on the role of hero, and swoop down and destroy the
enemy, skillfully and surgically employing the technological superiority of American
weapons”. These patriotic scenarios are similar to those seen at the outset of previous
U.S. wars, from the Civil War and the Korean War through Vietnam and the Gulf War.
(Carol B. Schwalbe M.A. , B. William Silcock Ph.D. & Susan Keith Ph.D., 2008)

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Claire M. Tylee seems more confine to feminism when discussing about war photography and
what role females played in the British Army and Russian Army during World War I.
General Butler, she confessed that if she had ever seen even the corner of a real
battlefield she would have been unable to carry on (Springhall 1986:66). At the start of
the First World War, British officials did their best to prevent British women from ever
glimpsing even the corner of a real battlefield, keeping them well to the rear. (Tylee,
1997)
What was author’s opinion regarding the government’s role in war photography?
Each and every author showed their point of view regarding the role that is played by the
government in war photography.
Torie Rose Deghett seems very rogue when comes to this question. While covering Kenneth
Jarecke’s story, she criticized the role of government repeatedly and how they did not let the
public know the truth. The Vietnam War, in contrast, was notable for its catalog of chilling and
iconic war photography. Some images, like Ron Haeberle’s pictures of the My Lai
massacre, were initially kept from the public. (Deghett, 2014). Mark Murmann also seems a little
biased when it comes to comment on government’s effort to support the war photography during
the Gulf war. Carol B. Schwalbe M.A. , B. William Silcock Ph.D. & Susan Keith Ph.D.’s article
was not biased at all, but seem to be based on statistics and facts, but they did remind
government’s faults during Vietnam and Gulf War. Later in 2003, critical reporting by the news
media and other observers revealed evidence of government propaganda during the first 5 weeks
(Carol B. Schwalbe M.A. , B. William Silcock Ph.D. & Susan Keith Ph.D., 2008). Claire M.
Tylee appreciated the government’s effort to portray wars in a heroic manner to their citizens and
signified their soliders’ life as well. This argument agrees most strikingly with Virginia Woolf 's

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view that magical mirrors are essential to all violent and heroic action; without the power of
enlarging mirrors the glories of war would be unknown. (Tylee, 1997)
What was author’s opinion regarding print media (books, magazines, newspapers) role in
war photography?
This question represented what the author’s point of view regarding media’s effort related to war
photography.
Torie Rose Deghett seemed here rogue as well to the media. She criticized the media to not show
the real face of the war and what was really happening during the war. The image and its
anonymous subject might have come to symbolize the Gulf War. Instead, it went unpublished in
the United States, not because of military obstruction but because of editorial choices. (Deghett,
2014). Mark Murmann, seems to appreciate the media’s effort of every type to support the war
photography. He is praising the lives that are given by war photographers in the battlefield to
bring the real war imagery to the public.
Kamber, who shot in Iraq for the New York Times, interviews photographers from across
the spectrum—wire photographers, those shooting on contract for magazines and
newspapers, the rare staffer, Iraqi photographers, and plenty of freelancers. By so doing,
he gives us a peek under the hood of what it's like to be a photojournalist in Iraq.
(Murmann, 2013)
No insight about their opinion regarding the media’s role was given by Carol B. Schwalbe M.A. ,
B. William Silcock Ph.D. & Susan Keith Ph.D. in war photography. Claire M. Tylee also praised
the media’s role to show the true color of war to the public and how it was being portrayed to the
public.

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What was the main approach of the author?
This question, which seems to be vague in nature, means to summarize what authors’ seem to be
thinking and at what position they were when they were writing their respective articles. What
was their agenda and what were they trying to explain all in all. Torie Rose Deghett’s agenda is
that the reality should be revealed to the public in all cases, does not matter how brutal it is and
how secretive it is in nature. It’s the media’s and the government’s duty to show the reality of
war to the public, rather than “sugar coating” it. Mark Murmann’s main idea is to elaborate the
role that war photographers have played so far in the history. He also emphasizes their roles and
how they brought the reality of the battlefield to the public without considering their lives’
importance. Carol B. Schwalbe M.A. , B. William Silcock Ph.D. & Susan Keith Ph.D.’s article’s
notion to provide a statistical and data. They highlight that decisions regarding the war
photography should be taken after considering the reactions from the public and the media
received in previous wars. Claire M. Tylee’s belief is mostly different from the other writers. She
highlights the women’s role in the war photography. She seems very feminist in her respective
article. She restores several female war photographers’ views that they have captured during the
war through notes or personal diaries.
Conclusion
All in all, every writer has their own agenda in their mind and the purpose of writing the article.
They seem biased at many points, but their agendas are very clear. That’s what this article
comprises on. To give a summary about the authors’ concept, ideas and their nature toward what
they are explaining in their respective articles.

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Bibliography
Carol B. Schwalbe M.A., B. WilliamSilcockPh.D.&SusanKeithPh.D.(2008). Visual Framingof the Early
Weeksof the U.S.- LedInvasionof Iraq:Applyingthe MasterWar Narrative toElectronicand
PrintImages. Journalof Broadcasting &Electronic Media,488.
Deghett,T.R. (2014, August8). The War Photo No OneWould Publish.RetrievedJuly2,2016, fromThe
Atlantic:http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2014/08/the-war-photo-no-one-
would-publish/375762/
Murmann, M. (2013, October23). Iconicand Unseen War PhotosFromVietnamand Iraq.RetrievedJuly
2, 2016, from MotherJones:http://www.motherjones.com/media/2013/10/photos-vietnam-
real-war-photojournalists
Tylee,C.M. (1997). The spectacle of war: Photographsof the RussianfrontbyFlorence Farmborough.
Women:A CulturalReview,66-80.