The vital signs monitor used in hospitals and clinics is used to monitor the vital organs of a critically ill person To find out the Blood Pressure measure, a visit to the doctor is needed. In rural areas, there are no clinics or proper medical facilities available. Also, people cannot afford repeat visits. To tackle these problems, a portable, cost effective and necessary product which would reduce the burden on the medical system is needed. Our project provides one solution. The GSM and WiFi capabilities gives it ease of accessibility to both doctor as well as patient, reduce diagnosis and treatment time.

1. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
IoT based Tele-medicine System
By
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh
Under the Guidance of
Mrs. Trupti Agarkar
1Department of Electronics Engineering
Ramrao Adik Institute of Technology, Nerul, Navi Mumbai
October 2016
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

2. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Introduction
Previous Work
Benefits
Outline
1 Motivation
Introduction
Previous Work
Benefits
2 System Architecture
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
3 Summary
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

3. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Introduction
Previous Work
Benefits
Introduction and Importance
The vital signs monitor used in hospitals and clinics is used
to monitor the vital organs of a critically ill person
To find out the Blood Pressure measure, a visit to the
doctor is needed
In rural areas, there are no clinics or proper medical
facilities available. Also, people cannot afford repeat visits.
To tackle these problems, a portable, cost effective and
necessary product which would reduce the burden on the
medical system is needed. Our project provides one
solution.
The GSM and WiFi capabilities gives it ease of
accessibility to both Doctor as well as patient, reduce
diagnosis and treatment time.
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

4. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Introduction
Previous Work
Benefits
Outline
1 Motivation
Introduction
Previous Work
Benefits
2 System Architecture
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
3 Summary
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

5. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Introduction
Previous Work
Benefits
Literature Survey
The paper by D.Chandana B.Hema Latha uses a system
of low power components with an ARM7 microcontroller
GSM to demonstrate a low cost system which checks
blood pressure, heart rate and alchohol levels in blood [1]
The paper by Christian Hofmann, Christian Weigand Josef
Bernhard shows a wireless medical sensor network which
works on ZigBee.[2]
The paper by Swati Y.Gaikwad Prof. Ms. Revati Shriram
uses a complex system to broadcast exact heart rate and
blood pressure ratings over the internet. [3]
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

6. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Introduction
Previous Work
Benefits
Outline
1 Motivation
Introduction
Previous Work
Benefits
2 System Architecture
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
3 Summary
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

7. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Introduction
Previous Work
Benefits
Advantages
This project is primarily aimed at bedridden or elder
patients who cannot afford to visit the clinic every hour.
Easier for the doctor or relatives of the patient to keep track
of the patients health.
Wifi module ensures that the vital readings are logged on
cloud and computer at regular intervals
Extremely portable and cost effective
Improvisation would require only the exchange of current
components with new ones
Other health parameters like temperature, alcohol level etc
can be easily checked by adding additional components
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

8. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
Outline
1 Motivation
Introduction
Previous Work
Benefits
2 System Architecture
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
3 Summary
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

9. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
Working Block Diagram
Figure: Tele-Medicine System Implementation
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

10. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
Outline
1 Motivation
Introduction
Previous Work
Benefits
2 System Architecture
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
3 Summary
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

11. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
Proposed Methodology
First we connect the Heart Rate module, Blood Pressure
module, to the FRDM-KL25z board
Modules would take reading of the Heart rate and systolic
and diastolic blood pressure and send those to the board.
The Microprocessor compares the values and then
decides whether the readings are normal or not.
If the readings are not in accordance with the normal ones,
it would send a message to the GSM module to send the
readings via SMS to a predetermined mobile number.
If the readings are normal, the GSM module would not be
activated and no message is sent.
The WiFi module would keep updating the data over the
cloud storage at regular intervals.
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

12. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
Algorithm
Step 1:Start
Step 2:Initialize the variables
Step 3:Enable the sensors and take heart rate and blood
pressure readings
Step 4:Readings are checked for levels.
Step 4.1: Are the readings normal?:
YES: No action taken
NO: Activate GSM module to send SMS
Step 5: Update data over cloud at regular intervals.
Step 6: Stop.
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

13. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
Hardware Design
The hardware design mainly consists of two sensors namely:
Heartbeat Sensor(1157 Heart beat sensor) and Blood Pressure
Sensor. These sensors are connected to the FRDMKL25z
board (LPC2148). This controller is further connected to GSM
module (SIMCom SIM900A), an LCD display and a Wi-Fi
Module(ESP8266) for IoT functionality.
The sensors check for Heart Beat and Blood Pressure
readings.
The FRDM is used for interfacing and coding.
The GSM Module is used for sending info to cell phone
The WiFi module is used to update the database
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

14. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
Diagnosis Module
Figure: Heart-Beat Module [4].
The heart beat sensor used here is Easy Pulse Heart-beat
sensor. This sensor is designed to give digital output of
heart beat when a finger is placed inside it.
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

15. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
Diagnosis Module
The Easy Pulse sensor is based on the principle of
photoplethysmography (PPG) which is a method of
measuring the variation in blood volume in tissues using a
light source and a detector.
Since the change in blood volume is synchronous to the
heart beat, this technique can be used to calculate the
heart rate
A light source is emitted in to the tissue and a light detector
is placed in the opposite side of the tissue to measure the
reflected light
The reflected light is then measured by the detector
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

16. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
Diagnosis Module
Figure: PPG Signal Graph [8].
The two maxima observed in the PPG are called Sytolic and
Diastolic peaks. The time duration between two consecutive
Systolic peaks gives the instantaneous heart rate.
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

17. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
FRDM-KL25Z
Figure: FRDM-KL25z [5]
The FRDM-KL25Z has been designed for prototyping all
sorts of devices, especially those requiring the size and
price point offered by Cortex-M0+ and the power of USB
Host and Device.
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

18. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
FRDM-KL25Z
It is packaged as a development board with connectors to
break out to strip board and breadboard, and includes a
built-in USB FLASH programmer.
It is based on the Freescale KL25Z, with a 32-bit ARM
Cortex-M0+ core running at 48MHz.
It includes 128KB FLASH, 16KB RAM and lots of
interfaces including USB Host, USB Device, SPI, I2C,
ADC, DAC, PWM, Touch Sensor and other I/O interfaces.
The FRDM-KL25Z is fully supported in the mbed platform,
so it gets access to the free tools and SDK that provides
experienced embedded developers with powerful and
productive tools for building proof-of-concepts.
The C/C++ Languages can be used for programming the
board
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

19. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
Transmission Module
Figure: SIMCOM SIM900A [6]
This is a very low cost and simple Arduino GSM and
GPRS module.
It allows you to make FRDM controlled calls and also send
text messages.
Compact and sturdy
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

20. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
Transmission Module
The SIM900 delivers GSM/GPRS 850/900/1800/1900MHz
performance for voice, SMS, Data
SIM900 is designed with a very powerful single-chip
processor integrating AMR926EJ-S core
Quad - band GSM/GPRS module with a size of
24mmx24mmx3mm
SMT type suit for customer application
An embedded Powerful TCP/IP protocol stack
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

21. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
Transmission Module
Figure: WiFi Module [7]
The ESP8266 WiFi Module is a self contained SOC with
integrated TCP/IP protocol stack that can give any
microcontroller access to your WiFi network.
You can simply hook this up to your Arduino device and get
about as much WiFi-ability as a WiFi Shield offers.
The ESP8266 module is an extremely cost effective board
with a huge, and ever growing, community.Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

22. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
Software Design
The software can be separated into two parts: the firmware
running in the micro-controller on the front end analogue
circuit board, the application program written using kiel
software dumped into the controller using ash magic.
The program embedded on the microcontroller is written in
Embedded C.
The program contains the following: Conversion of
analogue signals (heartbeat, blood pressure) to digital
values and Indication of abnormal rate.
Packetization of the collected data, and the transmission of
them through the serial communication interface is also
done.
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

23. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
Flow Chart
Figure: Flow chart of FRDM operation
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

24. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
Outline
1 Motivation
Introduction
Previous Work
Benefits
2 System Architecture
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
3 Summary
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

25. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
Implementation Result
Figure: Expected GSM Output [1]
The output of GSM message feedback is shown in Fig. It gives
the details of the Patient health periodically to the registered
mobile number.
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

26. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
Implementation Result
Figure: Expected WiFi Output
The output of Wifi logging feedback is shown in Fig. The WiFi
module periodically sends output of Diagnosis modules to a
data logger so as to keep track of the patients vital signs.
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

27. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
Advantages
Since it is made from cheap and easily available products,
the easy of use is apparent
Could be made available to rural or low income households
with next to no cost
Many more modules (like Temp Sensor, Alcohol detection
module etc) can be added to increase its use
Can be easily reproduced
Scalability of the product is high since it uses easily
available parts
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

28. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Block Diagram
Working Principle
Implementation
Disadvantages
Power dissipation can be decreased with use of a powerful
board.
Lack of wireless connections makes it prone to tangling
and loose connections
Needs internet connection, which might not be easily
available everywhere
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

29. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Conclusion
Hence from the proposed system, we can remotely access
the vital readings of a patient as well as keep track of the
same from time to time.
Along with being cost effective, compact and extremely
handy, the chief purpose of the system, that of reducing
stress on hospitals and rendering costly blood and ECG
Tests redundant, is also achieved.
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

30. Motivation
System Architecture
Summary
Future Scope
The mBed FRDM technology can be suited for short
distance communication, and the transmission distance is
limited only about 200 meters
Since this system only realized the detecting and
transmission of heart rate and blood pressure, and the
detection accuracy is not fool-proof.
The next step must focus on ways to improve the detection
accuracy, realize more reliable transmission of data.
At the same time, due to the limitation of the master chip,
the power dissipation of routers and terminal device is not
low enough.
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

31. Appendix References
References I
1. Christian Hofmann, Christian Weigand, Josef Bernhard ,
Wireless medical sensor network with ZigBee 6th WSEAS
International Conference on Applied Informatics and
Communications, Elounda, Greece, August 18-20, 2006
(pp116-119)
2. D.Chandana, B.Hema Latha, A Tele-medicine System for
Measuring Heart Rate, Blood pressure, And Drug Level
Detection 2014 IJEDR, Volume 2, Issue 1, ISSN:
2321-9939
3. Swati Y.Gaikwad, Prof. Ms. Revati Shriram, Blood
pressure and ECG monitoring systems Journal of
Engineering Research and Studies E-ISSN0976-7916
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System

32. Appendix References
References II
4. https://tinyurl.com/h6ztsmv
5. http://tinyurl.com/h7m9nlo
6. http://tinyurl.com/jkr6ya8
7. http://tinyurl.com/gter22y
8. https://tinyurl.com/hxbav5d
Ojas Sonnis, Akshay Sunka, Rohit Singh IoT based Tele-medicine System