An Automatic Weather Station (AWS) is a facility that transmits and records the observations collected from different meteorological measuring instruments. These AWS can collect data from the location, which can then be processed and analyzed locally at the AWS or the central server of the network. These data can also be published on roadside displays for public dissemination of data. Data can help in arriving at a threshold limit using suitable algorithms.

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2. Automatic Weather Station for Road Safety
Reducing Road Accidents
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3. “A weather accident is an
accident that occurs in any
adverse conditions such as sleet,
snow, rain, fog, wind or on slick
pavement.”
A study by Indian Environmental
Portal reported that out of total
road accidents that occurred in
India in the year 2017, 16% was
due to poor weather conditions.
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Weather Accidents

4. Weather Conditions Leading to Road Accidents
Here’s a list of some of the bad road or weather conditions which can lead to accidents:
Strong Winds and Hail
The wind area is proportional to the square of the wind speed. When the wind overturns the motor vehicle,
the ability of the car to drive is weakened. The situation worsens if the wind is accompanied by rain.
Snow and Ice
Frost and snow on the road due to extremely low temperatures directly affect the contact of vehicles with
the road surface. Ice/snow/frost on the road severely reduces the friction coefficient of the road, so when the
driver applies the brake, the tyre surface loses contact with the road surface and the vehicle skids.
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5. Weather Conditions Leading to Road Accidents
Low Road visibility
Dicey weather conditions like mist, fog, snow, heavy rain, or too bright sunlight may affect the driver’s
visibility on the road. Road visibility impacts traffic safety, especially on highway traffic safety.
Heavy Rain
In rainy weather, the ground is slippery, and the visibility is also impacted. Many times, the road fills with
rainwater. These factors can lead to route closure.
Extremely High Temperatures
During summertime, the ground surface temperature can reach up to 40-45 °C in India. Such high
temperatures can heat the tyres, and in certain situations, the tyres may flatten down or burst up.
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6. Automatic Weather Station
(AWS)
“The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) defines
an Automatic Weather Station (AWS) as a
meteorological station at which observations are made
and transmitted automatically (WMO, 1992a).”
An AWS is a unique and highly comprehensive system
strategically located alongside the highways to provide
detailed information about the weather and the road
conditions. It has robust hardware equipment for data
acquisition and cutting-edge software for weather data
analytics, providing inputs for the forecasting models.
The AWS consists of several parts: Data Logger (to
record data), Sensors (to measure required parameters),
Meteorological Mast (the pole to mount the AWS), and
Other Accessories.
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7. How does an Automatic Weather Station Work?
Weather and Road Monitoring
An AWS collects all prime weather parameters like air temperature, ambient pressure, relative humidity,
wind speed, wind direction, road visibility, road surface temperature, road conditions (ice, snow, wet, dry),
freezing point, rainfall, flood, light intensity, and UV radiation. Monitoring and measuring these parameters
can help in assessing the driving situations round the year.
Notifications and Alerts to Drivers
AWS data can be transmitted to the drivers via the cloud as alerts or notifications. The AWS can be
integrated either on driver’s phone or car display to push timely notifications. Data can help in arriving at a
threshold limit using suitable algorithms.
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8. How does an Automatic Weather Station Work?
ITMS Integration
Weather stations can be integrated into an
existing ITMS (Intelligent Traffic Management
System), which can help in monitoring the traffic
pattern of the region.
Future Prediction and Forecast
Weather forecasting and prediction are possible
through historical data and trend analysis, which
can aid in timely warning/alert broadcasting. The
patterns and trends can help in identifying
incoming hazards.
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9. Advantages of Automatic Weather Stations
Real-Time Data Propagation
AWS can propagate hyper-local meteorological parameters to the travellers and authorities in real-time,
which can help to make on-time decisions in case of any natural hazard.
Intelligent Data Communication
It can utilize GPRS, GSM, WiFi, Ethernet, LoRA, NB-IoT, Sigfox, LTE, Modbus, and many such communication
protocols for data transmission. Its low power consumption, long range data communication enables
monitoring even in remote areas.
Solar-powered Functioning
Automatic Weather stations can run on solar power, meaning it does not consume significant energy while
preventing accidents.
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10. Advantages of Automatic Weather Stations
Low Maintenance
Robust and weatherproof design enables an AWS to function even at extreme hot, cold, windy, dusty
conditions. Though the sensors require periodic calibration, the overall maintenance is quite cost-effective.
Automatic weather stations can also be integrated as a part of other environment or pollution measuring
devices in combination with the data-acquisition and processing units. Such a combined system of
equipment, interfaces, and processing units is called an Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS) or
Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS).
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11. What’s the Future for Road Safety Like? Government departments can use AWS
information. It will help them take
appropriate action in case of low visibility and
fog. They can warn drivers about fog
conditions to prevent road accidents.
The future roads will generate an
unparalleled amount of hyperlocal weather
and road data which can be used to prepare
a model for the best and safest road systems.
The fatal road accidents can be prevented
from occurring using road data and its
trends.
Real-time data can help in assessing where
and how traffic congestion and accidents
happen, allowing the authorities to manage
them accordingly. Vehicle manufacturers will
also be able to use the data in designing safer
vehicles that can communicate with the
roads and other cars.www.oizom.com

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Oizom Instruments Pvt. Ltd.
306 Indraprasth Corporate, Anand Nagar Road
Prahladnagar, Ahmedabad - India
+91-8866660025 | contact@oizom.com
Oizom - Savoie Technolac
House Boat 9, 12 Allee Du Lac De Garde,
Le Bourget du lac, France
+33 (0) 783426695 | hello@oizom.com
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