How does Air Quality Sensor Calibration improve data accuracy?

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Low-cost sensors have emerged as a sound solution to air quality monitoring with better spatial coverage. The prime concern over the large-scale deployment of these sensors is their accuracy. A sound air quality sensor calibration process can ensure data accuracy and reliability through multiple levels. Furthermore, these range from zero-level calibrations to reference-grade comparisons on site of installation aimed at eliminating errors and regional meteorological interferences.

Environment

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How does Air Quality
Sensor Calibration improve
data accuracy?
How does Air Quality Sensor Calibration improve data accuracy?

How does Air Quality Sensor Calibration improve data accuracy?
INTRODUCTION
© Oizom Instruments PVT LTD
www.oizom.com | hello@oizom.com
Low-cost sensors have emerged as a sound
solution to air quality monitoring with better
spatial coverage. The prime concern over the
large-scale deployment of these sensors is their
accuracy.
However, large scale applications of these
sensors is still a concern owing to their accuracy
as compared to reference grade monitoring
systems.
Source - UNEP

How does Air Quality Sensor Calibration improve data accuracy?
Low-Cost Sensor Calibration
© Oizom Instruments PVT LTD
www.oizom.com | hello@oizom.com
Air quality sensor calibration is the process of correcting or adjusting
the sensor measurements by juxtaposition with a known/reference
concentration of the parameters.
With appropriately designed calibration methods, major advacnds
can be made in increasing the accuracy and reliability of low cost air
quality sensors.
Designing an air quality monitoring framework incorporated three
major components.
1. Sensor Behaviour Assessment
2. Sensor Characterization
3. Real World Deployement

How does Air Quality Sensor Calibration improve data accuracy?
Calibration Terminologies
Data drift
Drift is a deviation in the sensor readings due to external influences
such as temperature fluctuations or environmental conditions. It leads
to a change in the measurements over time leading to misinformation.
© Oizom Instruments PVT LTD
www.oizom.com | hello@oizom.com
Bias
Bias is a persistent systematic error in
measurement which always maintains a constant
drift from the actual value. The output might show a
higher or lower reading than the true value.
Accuracy
NIST defines accuracy as the level of agreement or the
closeness of values reported by the sensor with respect to the
reference measurements/ known values of the target
parameter.
R2
R2 or coefficient of determination value is the measure of sensor performance as compared to a reference station. It provides statistical
information on the nature of correlation that exists between two variables. In the sensor calibration, these refer to the sensor outputs and
known reference values. To conclude, an R2 value of 1 indicates a perfect correlation with the reference-grade monitor.

How does Air Quality Sensor Calibration improve data accuracy?
Calibration Terminologies
© Oizom Instruments PVT LTD
www.oizom.com | hello@oizom.com
Calibration Curve
Every sensor has a calibration curve that represents its response in reference to
the input gas concentration. For calibration purposes, this input concentration is
pre-determined in order to identify drifts.

How does Air Quality Sensor Calibration improve data accuracy?
OIZOM’s 3 level calibration model
© Oizom Instruments PVT LTD
www.oizom.com | hello@oizom.com
Air quality sensor calibration procedures at OIZOM, ensure data accuracy and reliability through multiple levels.
1. Factory Calibration
Our sensor manufacturing partners accomplish this with zero concentration air and calibration gases
1. Laboratory Calibration
This is performed under controlled conditions i.e Humidity and temperature for all sensors. This further includes zero and span
calibration.
1. Colocation Calibration
Colocation/ spot calibration eliminates any possible deviations from the output data. All devices at OIZOM are operated with a
reference-grade monitor for 5-6 days at the installation site.

How does Air Quality Sensor Calibration improve data accuracy?
Case study for SO2 and CO sensors
© Oizom Instruments PVT LTD
www.oizom.com | hello@oizom.com
A standard curve with reference gas
concentration and sensor response for carbon
monoxide and sulfur dioxide is analyzed.
The linearity of the calibration curve
determines the air quality sensor calibration
efficiency and data accuracy.
The closeness of sensor output with reference
inputs yields an ideal linear standard curve. The
R2 output for CO and SO2 are 0.94 and 0.99
respectively.
In conclusion, this indicates that more than
90% of the sensor output concurs with the
known gas concentration input.

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