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‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫ﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫ﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬
،14 ‫ﻭ‬ 11 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﹶﲔ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺘﻤﻤﺔ‬
13 ‫ﻭ‬ 12 ‫ﻭ‬ 7 ‫ﻭ‬ 6 ‫ﻭ‬ 4 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬
14 ‫ﺭﻗــﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛــﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺣــﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻟــﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻴﻐﺘــﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﻧــﺺ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻳﻘــ‬
‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ‬ .2010 ‫ﺣﺰﻳــﺮﺍﻥ‬/‫ﻳﻮﻧﻴﻮ‬ 1 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻔــﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺑــﺪ‬ (STCE n°194)
(STE n° 45) 3 ‫ﺭﻗــﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘــ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺳــﺎﺑﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺺ‬ ‫ﻝ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻋــ‬
(STE n° 55) 5 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ ،1970 ‫ﺃﻳﻠﻮﻝ‬/‫ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ‬ 21 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬ‬
8 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛــﻮﻝ‬ ،1971 ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬/‫ﺩﻳﺴــﻤﺒﺮ‬ 20 ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌــﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓــﺬ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ‬ ،1990 ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬/‫ﻳﻨﺎﻳﺮ‬ 1 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓــﺬ‬ (STE n° 118)
‫ﳌﺎﺩﺗﻪ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺷــﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ (STE n° 44) 2 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧــﺺ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻳﻀــ‬
‫ﻧﺎﻓﺬﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﺒﺤﺖ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻨــﺬ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺠﺰﺃ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺟــﺰ‬ 3 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ (5) ‫ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺴــﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺒﺪﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﰎ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬ .1970 ‫ﺃﻳﻠﻮﻝ‬/‫ﺳــﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ‬ 21 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌــﻮﻝ‬
11 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺿﺎﻓﺘﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻟﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻨﺬ‬ .1998 ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬/‫ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ‬ 1 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺑﺪ‬ (STE n° 155)
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓــﺬ‬ (STE n° 140) 9 ‫ﺭﻗــﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻐــﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳــﺦ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﺍ‬
10 ‫ﺭﻗــﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛــﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﺒــﺢ‬ ‫ﺣــﲔ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ 1994 ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﺸــﺮﻳﻦ‬/‫ﺃﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ‬ 1
.‫ﻏﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ (STE n° 146)
‫ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻻﺋﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻃﻼﻉ‬ ‫ﳝﻜﻦ‬
.www.conventions.coe.int ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻔﻈﺎﺕ‬
.‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺟﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺘﺜﺒﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﳒﻠﻴﺰﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺼﲔ‬
Only the English and French versions of the Convention are authentic. This translation is not an
official version of the Convention. Seules les versions anglaise et française de la Convention font
foi. Cette traduction n’est pas une version officielle de la Convention.
European Court of Human Rights/Cour européenne des droits de l’homme
Council of Europe/Conseil de l’Europe
F-67075 Strasbourg cedex
www.echr.coe.int
3
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ‬
5.....................................................‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬
32.......................................................................................................‫ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬
35...........................................................................................................4 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬
39...........................................................................................................6 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬
43...........................................................................................................7 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬
49.........................................................................................................12 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬
53.........................................................................................................13 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬
5
‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬
1950 ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬/‫ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ‬ 4 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺭﻭﻣﺎ‬
،‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎﺀ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻋــﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻌــﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬﺕ‬ ‫ﳌﺎ‬
‫؛‬1948 ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬/‫ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ‬ 10 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﱈ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻤﻌﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻳﻨﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﻘــﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟــﻰ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻫﺎﺩﻓ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﳌــﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻌﺎﻝ؛‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﺎﳌﻴ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻬﺎ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺇﺣﺪﻯ‬ ،‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻋــﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺛﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﻫﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﳌــﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻠﻮﻍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺳــﺎﺋﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ؛‬
‫ﻛﻮﻧﻬﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺳــﺦ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻅ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺬﺍﺕ‬
،‫ﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﳝﻘﺮﺍﻃﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺸــﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺗﻘﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸﺘﺮﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸﺘﺮﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ؛‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟــﺮﻭﺡ‬ ‫ﻧﻔــﺲ‬ ‫ﻤﺔ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻣﺴــﺘﻠﻬ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﺤﻜﻮﻣــﺎﺕ‬ ،‫ﻣﻨﻬــﺎ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻋﺰﻣــ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳــﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ‬ ‫ــﻤﺔ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻭﻣﺘﻘﺎﺳ‬
‫ﺗﻀﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻔﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻌــﺔ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻋــﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼــﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﻤﺎﻋﻴــ‬
،‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬
6
: ‫ﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﻔﻘﺖ‬
1‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺏ‬
‫ﻟﻮﻻﻳﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘــﺮﻑ‬
.‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ I ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
I ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬
2‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬
‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺎﻧــﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤــﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .1
‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﻋﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﳊﻜﻢ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻷﻱ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻋﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺒﺐ‬
.‫ﺍﳉﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺟﺰﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺺ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﻩ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻛ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴــﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .2
: ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﳉﻮﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧﺎﲡ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ؛‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻒ‬ ‫ﺿﺪ‬ ،‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻓﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺄﻣﲔ‬ (‫ﺃ‬
‫ﻗﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﳌﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴــﺬ‬ (‫ﺏ‬
‫؛‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺠﺎﺯ‬
.‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﻋﺼﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺷﻐﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻤﻊ‬ (‫ﺝ‬
7
3‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺬﻳﺐ‬ ‫ﺣﻈﺮ‬
‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺬﻳــﺐ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺴــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺇﺧﻀﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
.‫ﻣﻬﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
4‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﳉﺒﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺮﻗﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺣﻈﺮ‬
.‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺒﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺮﻗﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .1
.‫ﺇﻟﺰﺍﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺟﺒﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺄﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﺰﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .2
: ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺴﺐ‬ «‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺇﻟﺰﺍﻣﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﺒﺮﻳ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫»ﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .3
‫ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺠﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﻋﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﱠﺐ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻣﺘﻄ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ (‫ﺃ‬
،‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬5‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬‫ﻟﻠﺸﺮﻭﻁ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻁ؛‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻓﺮﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻞ‬ ‫ﲢﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻳﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﺴﻜﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ (‫ﺏ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺿﻤﻴﺮﻳ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻨﻜﻔﲔ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﻟﺰﺍﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀﻤﻴﺮﻱ؛‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻨﻜﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻌﺘﺮﻑ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺣﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﺍﺭﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﺯﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﱠﺒﺔ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻣﺘﻄ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣــﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ (‫ﺝ‬
‫ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺔ؛‬ ‫ﺭﻓﺎﻫﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺟﺰ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ (‫ﺩ‬
5‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .‫ﻭﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ .1
: ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﺣﺮﻳﺘﻪ‬
8
‫ﻣﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﻧﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻣﺤﺘﺠﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ (‫ﺃ‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ؛‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺠــﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻻﻋﺘﻘــﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﺨﻀﻌــ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ (‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﻣﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻘــﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻤﺮﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ؛‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻐﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻣﺤﺘﺠــﺰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻣﻌﺘﻘــ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ (‫ﺝ‬
‫ﺃﺳــﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺼــﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺌــﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻼﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻘﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺎﺑﻬﺎ؛‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺨﺬ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﺮﺍﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺴــﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺠﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ (‫ﺩ‬
‫ﻟﺘﻘﺪﳝﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧــﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺠــﺎﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺒــﺔ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺘــﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻃــﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬
‫ﺍﺨﻤﻟﺘﺼﺔ؛‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻄﺔ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﺮﺿ‬ ‫ﻧﺸــﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺢ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺸــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺠﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ (‫ﻩ‬
‫؛‬ ‫ﳌﺘﺸﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﳌﺪﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﻟﺴﻜﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﻷﺧﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻌﺪﻳ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳌﻨﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﺸﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺠﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻘﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ (‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺑﺤﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺬ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻣﺘﺨ‬ ‫ﻟﺸﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺧﻮﻝ‬
.‫ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ‬
‫ﻟﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻤــﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺘﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ .2
‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ؛‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺄﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺳﺒﺎﺏ‬ ،‫ﻳﻔﻬﻤﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺸــﺮﻭﻁ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺘﺠﺰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺘﻘــﻞ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺜــﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﺐ‬ .3
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺽ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻓــﻮﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﺝ‬.1 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼــﻮﺹ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻬﺬﺍ‬ ،‫ﻗﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻇﺎﺋﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﺰﺍﻭﻟﺔ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺁﺧــﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻛﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺝ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻳﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻘﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻠــﺔ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻛ‬‫ﻳﺤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊــﻖ‬
‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺆﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻔﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻓــﺮﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﺇﺧﻀﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ .‫ﻣﺤﻜﺎﻣﺘــﻪ‬
.‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬
9
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺠﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﻋﺘﻘﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺮﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ .4
‫ﺑﺎﻹﻓﺮﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺄﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺠﺎﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬
.‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺠﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻇــﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺠﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻘــﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺿﺤﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ .5
.‫ﺍﳉﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬
6‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻋﺎﺩﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻛﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬
،‫ﻗﻀﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺰﻳﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ .1
‫ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﺼــﻞ‬ ،‫ﻣﻌﻘﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻠــﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻋــﺎﺩﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺸــﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬ .‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺰﺍﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺴــﻮﻏﺎﺕ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣﺎﺗﻪ‬
‫ﺣﻀﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻬــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨــﻊ‬ ‫ﺟــﻮﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻦ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠﻨﻴــ‬ ‫ﻳﺼــﺪﺭ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﳌﺼﺤﻠــﺔ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﺰﺋﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻛﻠﻴ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﺴــﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣــﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﳝﻘﺮﺍﻃﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣــﻦ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺻﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﺘﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣــﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﶈــﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻘــﻂ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﲟﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬ ،‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﳉﻠﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﻞﹼ‬
.‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴ‬ ‫ﺫﻧﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺑﺮﻳﺌ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺠﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ .2
: ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﲢﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ .3
‫ﻭﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﻔﻬﻤﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻠﻐــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻠــﺔ‬ ‫ﺿﻤــﻦ‬ ‫ﻌﻠــﻢ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ (‫ﺃ‬
‫ﻭﺑﺴﺒﺒﻬﺎ؛‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ‬ ،‫ﻣﻔﺼﻠﺔ‬
‫؛‬ ‫ﺩﻓﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻹﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻔﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﺢ‬ ‫ﹸ‬
‫ﳝ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ (‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺪﻓﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻳﺨﺘﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﲟﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻈﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﺍﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ (‫ﺝ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺪﺍﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬
‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺘﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣــﺎ‬ ،‫ﻣﺠﺎﻧــﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻓــﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻨــﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﺍﻓــﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﻟﺔ؛‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬
10
‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﺳﺘﺠﻮﺍﺑﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺛﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺷــﻬﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻳﺴــﺘﺠﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ (‫ﺩ‬
‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺠﻮﺍﺑﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻓﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺷــﻬﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺪﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﺼﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺛﺒﺎﺕ؛‬ ‫ﺷﻬﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬
‫ﻳﻔﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﺠﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﺷﻔﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ‬ ‫ﲟﺴــﺎﻋﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻈﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ (‫ﻩ‬
.‫ﺍﳉﻠﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻜﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬
7‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫ﻳﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﻏﻔﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺴــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .1
،‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺐ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻜﺒﺖ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻘــﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘــﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺷــﺪ‬ ‫ﻨﺰﻝ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﻮﺑــﺔ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
.‫ﺍﳉﺮﳝﺔ‬
‫ﺛﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﻞﹼ‬ ‫ﻟﻦ‬ .2
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍﻣﻴ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﻜﺐ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺸــﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻏﻔﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
.‫ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻀﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﱈ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﺉ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬
8‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬
‫ﻭﺣﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻــﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ .1
.‫ﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻼﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺰﻟﻪ‬
،‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .2
‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﳝﻘﺮﺍﻃــﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺗﺪﺑﻴــﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻓﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﻓﺎﻫﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﻼﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧــﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳــﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺰﺍﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺮﺍﺋــﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻨــﻊ‬
.‫ﻭﺣﺮﻳﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ‬
11
9‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻤﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻳﺴــﺘﻠﺰﻡ‬ .‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻤﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ .1
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳــﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻌﺘﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳــﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊــﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺒﺪ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﻤﺎﻋﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻓﺮﺩﻳ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺘﻘﹶ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺣﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻤﺎﺭﺳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺘﻘﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .2
‫ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺸــﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤــﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳــﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣــﻦ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﳝﻘﺮﺍﻃــﻲ‬
.‫ﻭﺣﺮﻳﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬
10‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺸــﻤﻞ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ .1
‫ﻳﺤﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻘــﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟــﺮﺃﻱ‬
‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﲢﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .‫ﳊﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﻭﳕﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺧﻞ‬
‫ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺫﺍﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺚ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺇﺧﻀــﺎﻉ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺧﻴﺺ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺸــﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳــﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺧﻀﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ .2
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴــﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸــﺮﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻌــﺾ‬ ،‫ﻭﻣﺴــﺆﻭﻟﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺳــﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﳝﻘﺮﺍﻃﻲ‬
‫ﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤــﺔ‬ ‫ﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﳉﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳــﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺳــﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺸــﻒ‬ ‫ﳌﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻴــﺮ‬ ‫ﺳــﻤﻌﺔ‬
.‫ﻭﻧﺰﺍﻫﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ‬
12
11‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﳉﻤﻌﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ .1
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻧﺘﺴــﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺸــﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﲟﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﳉﻤﻌﻴــﺎﺕ‬
.‫ﻣﺼﺎﳊﻪ‬ ‫ﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳــﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .2
،‫ﺍﻟﺪﳝﻘﺮﺍﻃﻲ‬‫ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻊ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬‫ﺗﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ‬‫ﺗﺸﻜﻞ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣــﻦ‬
‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳــﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﲢﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .‫ﻭﺣﺮﻳﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﻘــﻮﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻇﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻃﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴــﻠﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬
12‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬
‫ﻋﺎﺋﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺄﺳــﻴﺲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﺳــﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻮﻍ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺮﺟــﻞ‬
.‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬
13‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺼﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬
،‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﳌﻌﺘﺮﻑ‬‫ﻭﺣﺮﻳﺎﺗﻪ‬‫ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻪ‬‫ﻬﻜﺖ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻧ‬‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ،‫ﻗﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺾ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺼﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊــﻖ‬
‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳــﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻃﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﺷــﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻬﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗــﻜﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﻓــﻲ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻇﺎﺋﻔﻬﻢ‬
13
14‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺣﻈﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺘــﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺘﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﺐ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨــﺲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﻙ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﲢﺪﻳــﺪ‬ ،‫ﲤﻴﻴــﺰ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳــﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬
‫ﺁﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺮﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﻭﻃﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻤﺎﺀ‬
15‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺮﻭﺝ‬
‫ﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﻬــﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ .1
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺍﺑﻴــﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃــﺮﻑ‬
‫ﻭﺷــﺮﻁ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻘﻂ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻻ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬ ،2 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻭﺝ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﺢ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .2
(1 ‫)ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ 4‫ﻭ‬ 3 ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﲡﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺓ‬
.7‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ،‫ﺍﳋﺮﻭﺝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊــﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﳝﺎﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ .3
‫ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ .‫ﺃﻣﻠﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺬﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻛﻠﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﻼﻡ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻳﻀ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ‬
14
16‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﺎﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻮﺩ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ 14 ‫ﻭ‬ 11 ‫ﻭ‬ 10 ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺟﺎﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﻧﺸــﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﻴــﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻓــﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗــﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃــﺮﺍﻑ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻲ‬
17‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺎﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺣﻈﺮ‬
‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺴــﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﺸــﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺨﺮﺍﻁ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﳉﻤﺎﻋــﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻘــﺮ‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺘﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻘــﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻫــﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴــﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺳــﻊ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴــﺔ‬
.‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬
18‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺪ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﺸــﺮﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴــﻖ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
.‫ﺃﺟﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻐﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬
15
II ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬
19‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﲡﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻬﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻨ‬
‫ﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻜﻤــﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺸــﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺼﺎﺭ‬ ،‫ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴــﺔ‬
.‫ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ .‫ﺃﺩﻧﺎﻩ‬ «‫ﺑـ»ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻤﺎﺓ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬
20‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﻌــﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺄﻟــﻒ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬
21‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻭﻁ‬
‫ﻮﺍ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻳﻠ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺭﺟﺔ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﺧﻼﻗﻴ‬ ‫ﹼﻮﺍ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻳﺘﺤ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ .1
‫ﻳﻜﻮﻧﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴــﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﳌﻤﺎﺭﺳــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻄﻠﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸــﺮﻭﻁ‬
.‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺘﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻛﻔﺎﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺫﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻴﲔ‬
.‫ﻓﺮﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻜﻢ‬ .2
‫ﻧﺸــﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﳝﺎﺭﺳــﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻻﻳﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻣــﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺿﻤــﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﻀــﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .3
‫ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻍ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺰﺍﻫﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳــﺘﻘﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺭﺽ‬
‫ﺑﻬﺬﻩ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﺮﻓﻊ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺼﻞ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺸــﺎﻁ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬
16
22‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ‬
،‫ﺳــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﳌﺎﻧﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻤﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀــﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﺨــﺐ‬
‫ﻳﻘﺪﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺷــﺤﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳــﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺻــﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺄﻛﺜﺮﻳــﺔ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬
23‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻭﻋﺰﻟﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻻﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺓ‬
.‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲡﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ .‫ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻊ‬ ‫ﳌﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻨﺘﺨﺐ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ .1
.70‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ﺳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻮﻏﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻻﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬ .2
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻮﺍﺻﻠﻮﻥ‬ .‫ﺍﺳﺘﺒﺪﺍﻟﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺎﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﺍﺻﻞ‬ .3
.‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺄﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺳﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﰎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺑﺄﻛﺜﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺼﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺽ‬ ‫ﺇﻗﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﲡﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .4
.‫ﱠﺒﺔ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺍﳌﺘﻄ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﻮﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻠﺜﲔ‬
24‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺮﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﻢ‬
.‫ﻭﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ .1
‫ﻣﻘﺮﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺴــﺎﻋﺪﻫﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ .2
‫ﻗﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺘﻤﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻢ‬ .‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﺋﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺎﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﳝﺎﺭﺳــﻮﻥ‬
.‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬
17
25‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﺔ‬
: ‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬
.‫ﺳــﻨﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﳌﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺮﺋﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺋﺒﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺎﺋﺐ‬ ‫ﺭﺋﻴﺴــﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﺨﺐ‬ (‫ﺃ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﻬﻢ؛‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﲡﻮﺯ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ؛‬ ‫ﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﻞ‬ (‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﻬﻢ؛‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﲡﻮﺯ‬ .‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﺭﺅﺳﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﺨﺐ‬ (‫ﺝ‬
‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ؛‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮ‬ (‫ﺩ‬
‫ﻟﻪ؛‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻧﺎﺋﺒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺭﺋﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﺨﺐ‬ (‫ﻩ‬
.2 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ 26 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﻃﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻘﺪﻡ‬ (‫ﻭ‬
26‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺠﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺑﻬﻴﺌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﲡﺘﻤــﻊ‬ ،‫ﺃﻣﺎﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻓﻮﻋــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺮ‬ .1
‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ،‫ﻗﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺠﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤــﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺸــﻜﻞ‬ .‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺎﺿﻴ‬ ‫ﻋﺸــﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺴــﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬
.‫ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ،‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺎﻣــﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﻠﺐ‬ .2
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﻀــﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﻔــﺾ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻔﺘــﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻘــﺮﺍﺭ‬
.‫ﻗﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺧﻤﺴﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿــﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿــﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .3
‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺨﺐ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻧ‬ ‫ﺍﻟــﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄــﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺿــﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤــﺎﺱ‬
.‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‬
،‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺯﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺐ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺨ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿــﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .4
‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋــﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻋﻀﻮ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻴ‬ ‫ﻳﻜــﻮﻥ‬
18
‫ﺑﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻀﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﺭﺗــﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿــﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﺴﺒﻘ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﺋﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﻳﺨﺘﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺽ‬
.‫ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺎﺋﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤــﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﺋﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻳﻀــ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻀــﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ .5
‫ﺇﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ .‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺅﺳﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻗﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ،43 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒــﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴــﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺭﺋﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳــﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬ ،‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﺪﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋــﺮﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻣﻨﺘﺨ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿــﻲ‬
.‫ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻲ‬
27‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺮﺩﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻠﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻔــﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ .1
‫ﻫﻜﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﺠﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﻄﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،34 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻗﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬
.‫ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .2
‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻠﻦ‬ ‫ﻟــﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ .3
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺎﻟﻪ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺳــﺠﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺸــﻄﺒﻪ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻗﻴﻖ‬
28‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ‬
‫ﻭﺑﻘﺮﺍﺭ‬ ،34 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟــﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻊ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ .1
: ‫ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﺠﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺸــﻄﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ (‫ﺃ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻗﻴﻖ؛‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻜﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬
19
‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣﻜﻤ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻌ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺼﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ (‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺃﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻔﺴــﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴــﺄﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺟﺘﻬﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﻤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬــﺎ‬
.‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺳﺦ‬
‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ‬ 1 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘــﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺣــﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘــﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .2
.‫ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻋــﻦ‬ ‫ﺐ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺨ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿــﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻜــﻦ‬ ‫ﻟــﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ .3
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺯ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻋﻀﻮ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺯﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬
‫ﺃﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻘــﺎﺽ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻋﻮﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣــﻞ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﲟﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣــﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﺴــﺒﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ،‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺋﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴــﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄــﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻗــﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓــﺔ‬
.‫ﺏ‬.1 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬
29‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺼﺪﺭ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻭﻟــﻢ‬ ،28 ‫ﺃﻭ‬ 27 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺗــﲔ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟــﺐ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﺨــﺬ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻟــﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ .1
‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺳــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﺕ‬ ،28 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟــﺐ‬
.‫ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ .34 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻓﻮﻋﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺳــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﺮ‬ .2
‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺨﺬ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬ .33 ‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺮﻓﻮﻋــﺔ‬
.‫ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺆﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ‬
30‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺄﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺆﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﳑﻜﻨ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻔﺴــﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺟﺎﺯ‬ ،‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺄﻟﺔ‬
20
‫ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺨﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ﺑﻌــﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﺪﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻗــﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻃﺎﳌﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺋــﺮﺓ‬
.‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺘﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬
31‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺻﻼﺣﻴﺎﺕ‬
: ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬
34 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ 33 ‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻓﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺳــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﺮ‬ (‫ﺃ‬
‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺎﻟــﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻜــﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣــﺎ‬
‫؛‬43 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺑﺸﺄﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﺘﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴــﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﲢﻜﻢ‬ (‫ﺏ‬
‫؛‬4 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ 46 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬
.47 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻓﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻃﻠﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﺮ‬ (‫ﺝ‬
32‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ‬
‫ﺑﺘﻔﺴــﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴــﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻳﺸــﻤﻞ‬ .1
‫ﻟﻠﺸــﺮﻭﻁ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻄﺮﺡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻴــﻖ‬
.47‫ﻭ‬ 46‫ﻭ‬ 34‫ﻭ‬ 33 ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻓــﺈﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼــﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘــﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﺣــﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ .2
.‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬
33‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ‬
‫ﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﺘﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺰﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪ‬ ،‫ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬
.‫ﺁﺧﺮ‬
21
34‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺣﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬‫ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬‫ﺃﻱ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻘﻬﻢ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻛ‬ ‫ﻳﺰﻋﻤــﻮﻥ‬ ،‫ﺃﺷــﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬
.‫ﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﳌﻌﺘﺮﻑ‬‫ﻟﻠﺤﻘﻮﻕ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻤﺎﺭﺳــﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﻗﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﺘــﺰﻡ‬
.‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﺍ‬
35‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻭﻁ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺼﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺳــﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻨﻔﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤــﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .1
‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌــﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﳌﺒــﺎﺩﺉ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻃﻘﺒ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﻀﻮﻥ‬
: 34 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺒﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .2
‫ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ؛‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ (‫ﺃ‬
‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻮﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ (‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ــﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﹸ‬
‫ﻃ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬
.‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ 34 ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻓــﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠــﻦ‬ .3
: ‫ﺭﺃﺕ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬
،‫ﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣــﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ (‫ﺃ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ؛‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﻮﻏﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺿﻮﺡ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻨﻢ‬
‫ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﻫﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌــﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ــﺲ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﺍﳌﻠﺘﻤ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ (‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻀﻤﻮﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬
‫ﻗﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﹼ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﺷــﺮﻁ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺻﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻃﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬
22
.‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﻬــﺬﻩ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻏﻴــﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤــﺔ‬ ‫ﹼ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﺗــﺮ‬ .4
‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬
.‫ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬
36‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺛﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺧﻞ‬
‫ﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻖ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺮﻓﻊ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ .1
‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈــﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ــﺲ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﻣﻠﺘﻤ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﻃﻦ‬ ‫ﻟــﻪ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬
.‫ﺍﳉﻠﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﺎﺭﻙ‬
‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﻋﻮ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺣﺴــﻦ‬ ‫ﳌﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬ .2
‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻃﺮﻓ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸــﺎﺭﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻘــﺪﱘ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ،‫ﺲ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﺍﳌﻠﺘﻤ‬ ‫ﻋــﺪﺍ‬
.‫ﺍﳉﻠﺴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﳌﻔﻮﺽ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺮﻓﻊ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ .3
‫ﻳﺸــﺎﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬
.‫ﺍﳉﻠﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
37‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻄﺐ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟــﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠــﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻜﻤــﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ .1
: ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﺠﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺷﻄﺐ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺒﻘﺎﺋﻪ؛‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺭﺍﻏﺒ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺲ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﺍﳌﻠﺘﻤ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ (‫ﺃ‬
‫ﺖ؛‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﹸ‬
‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺯﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ (‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻳﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ،‫ﻭﺟــﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﻘﻘﺖ‬ ‫ﺁﺧــﺮ‬ ‫ﺳــﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ (‫ﺝ‬
.‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺻﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬
23
‫ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻜــﻦ‬
.‫ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻀﻤﻮﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﺠﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ .2
.‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬
38‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺠﻮﺍﺑﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ‬
‫ﻭﲡﺮﻱ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﳑﺜﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﺎﻫﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼــﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﺮ‬
‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗــﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﲢﻘﻴﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠــﺰﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻨــﺪ‬
.‫ﺑﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ‬
39‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺗﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟــﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ .1
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺴــﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻐﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻴﲔ‬ ‫ﺗﺼــﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺴــﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺔ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻣﺴﺘﻠﻬ‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬
.‫ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬
.‫ﺳﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ‬ 1 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .2
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻄﺐ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ .3
.‫ﺍﳌﻌﺘﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻠﺤﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻮﻗﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﺠﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴــﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﻗﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨــﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻝ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻳﺤــﻮ‬ .4
.‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺀﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ‬
24
40‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻃﻼﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﺴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﻟــﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﺴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳــﺘﻤﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﺴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .1
.‫ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻑ‬
‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻤﻬﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺩﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋــﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .2
.‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﺋﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬
41‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺭﺿﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻠﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺑﺈﺯﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺴــﻤﺢ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤــﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﺖ‬ ،‫ﻧﺎﻗــﺺ‬ ‫ﺑﺸــﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻬﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺍﻗــﺐ‬
.‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻨﺼﻔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺇﺭﺿﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻀﺮﺭ‬
42‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬
44 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻷﺣــﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻋــﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣــﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺒﺢ‬
.2 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬
43‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺷــﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﻀﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ .1
‫ﺇﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣــﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋــﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺻــﺪﻭﺭ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬
25
‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒــﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﻀــﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺧﻤﺴــﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺒﻞ‬ .2
‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻔﺴــﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺄﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻄــﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬
.‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺄﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻳﻀ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋــﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻧﻈــﺮﺕ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀــﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌــﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻠــﺖ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ .3
.‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣﻜﻤ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺻﺪﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬
44‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬
.‫ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .1
: ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻴ‬ ‫ﻳﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .2
‫ﺇﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﻠــﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻋــﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺰﻭﻓﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃــﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠــﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣــﺎ‬ (‫ﺃ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ؛‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺇﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻄﻠﺐ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻟــﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺻــﺪﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺷــﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌــﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ (‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ؛‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﻠــﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋــﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻗﻀــﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﹼ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﺗــﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣــﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ (‫ﺝ‬
.43 ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ .3
45‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻞ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺳــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘــﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣــﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﱠــﻞ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺗﻌ‬ .1
.‫ﻋﺪﻣﻪ‬
،‫ﺍﻹﺟﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﺰﺋﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻛﻠﻴــ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜــﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ .2
.‫ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﺮﺃﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺇﺭﻓﺎﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺽ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﹼ‬‫ﻖ‬‫ﺣ‬
26
46‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻟﺰﺍﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ‬
‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﺣــﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﻣﺘﺜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃــﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﺘﺰﻡ‬ .1
.‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻃﺮﺍﻓ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺯﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
.‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﻗﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻝ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻳﺤﻮ‬ .2
‫ﺩﻭﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜــﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨــﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ .3
‫ﺗﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ،‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺻﻌﻮﺑﺔ‬
‫ﺃﺻﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺛﻠﺜﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻛﺜﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﺨﺬ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺄﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﻤﻟﻮﻟﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻤﺜﻠﲔ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻣﺘﺜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﻓﺾ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺳــﺎﻣﻴ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻃﺮﻓ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ .4
‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺬﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ،‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻃﺮﻓ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺯﻋــﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻘــﺮﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﻤﻟﻮﻟﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻤﺜﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺛﻠﺜﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻛﺜﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺬ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻘﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄــﺮﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘــﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺄﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺸــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﺘﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬
.1 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺎﻟﺖ‬ ،1 ‫ﻟﻠﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﻘﻘﺖ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ .5
‫ﲢﻘﻘﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ‬ .‫ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫﻫــﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﺑﻴــﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻔﺤﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻟــﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ‬
‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺎﻟﺖ‬ ،1 ‫ﻟﻠﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬
.‫ﻓﺤﺼﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬
47‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻮﺍﻯ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺇﺻﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻤﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ .1
.‫ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻧﻄﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﲟﻀﻤﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .2
‫ﺳﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ I ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴــﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬
27
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴــﺎﺋﻞ‬
.‫ﻟﻼﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻣﺘﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺑﺄﻛﺜﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟــﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺨﺬ‬ .3
.‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﻤﻟﻮﻟﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻤﺜﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﻮﺍﺕ‬
48‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﺍﳌﺘﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘــﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻃﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻘــﺮﺭ‬
.47 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻬﺎ‬
49‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻞ‬
.‫ﻣﻌﻠﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .1
،‫ﺍﻹﺟﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﺰﺋﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻛﻠﻴ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ .2
.‫ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﺮﺃﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺇﺭﻓﺎﻗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺽ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﹼ‬‫ﻖ‬‫ﺣ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻝ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﲢﻮ‬ .3
50‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺎﺕ‬
.‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻔﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻜﻔﻞ‬
28
51‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺣﺼﺎﻧﺎﺗﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳊﺼﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﻣﺘﻴــﺎﺯﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺎﻣﻬــﻢ‬ ‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳــﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻤﺘــﻊ‬
‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳــﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ 40 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬
.‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﲢﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻘﻮﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﺎﺕ‬
III ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬
52‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﲢﻘﻘﻴﺎﺕ‬
،‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﻓــﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨــﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻣــﲔ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋــﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻳﻀﺎﺣــﺎﺕ‬
.‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻝ‬
53‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺘﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻳﺤﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺴــﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺆﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﻟﻦ‬
‫ﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻌﺘﺮﻑ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﳝﺲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬
.‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻃﺮﻓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬
54‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻄﺎﺕ‬
‫ﳝﻨﺤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴــﻠﻄﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺨــﻞﹼ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬
29
55‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺰﺍﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﻣﺘﺒــﺎﺩﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺸــﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺨﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻫﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻨﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ،‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺴــﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺷــﺊ‬ ‫ﻧﺰﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ،‫ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻧــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴــﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘــﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴــﻖ‬
.‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬
56‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬
‫ﺗﻌﻠﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻨــﺪ‬ ،‫ﺩﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ .1
،‫ﺳﺘﻄﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺎﻟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ 4 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻗﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻮﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺎﻟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺎﻟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻖ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺗﻄ‬ .2
‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻷﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺬﻛــﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺎﻟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺣــﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ــﻖ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺗﻄ‬ .3
.‫ﺍﶈﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻀﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﺴﺒﺎﻥ‬
،‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺇﻋﻼﻧــ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﺪﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ .4
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻮﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠــﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﻴــﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻈﻤــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴــﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺷــﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺳــﺎﺕ‬
،‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ 34 ‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺺ‬ ‫ﻛﻤــﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺷــﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻄﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺎﻟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﻗﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬
.‫ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻥ‬
30
57‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻔﻈﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺇﻳﺪﺍﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻗﻴﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ .1
‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﲔ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ ‫ﲢﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺇﺑــﺪﺍﺀ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳــﻖ‬ ‫ﺻــﻚ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻓﺬ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﻋــﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴــﺔ‬
‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑــﻊ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻔﻈــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .‫ﺍﳊﻜــﻢ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﲔ‬ ،‫ﺍﳊــﲔ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬
.‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻤﻮﺡ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﺮﺿ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻤﻀﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﻩ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘــ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺏ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻳﻌــﺮ‬ ‫ﲢﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ .2
.‫ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﺟﻴﺰ‬
58‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺤﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺴــﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .1
‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﻔــﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺳــﻨﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻘﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺷــﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺳــﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﺷــﻌﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻊ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
.‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻌﻠﻢ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄــﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺇﺣﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺴــﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺘــﺞ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﳝﻜــﻦ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .2
‫ﺑﺄﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻀﻤﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻲ‬
‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪﺛﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻜــﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﻩ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬــﺎﻛ‬ ‫ﺗﺸــﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻌﺔ‬
.‫ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮﻳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﻭﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺴﺤﺐ‬ .3
.‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺴــﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ .4
‫ﻟﺸــﺮﻭﻁ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺒﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﻼﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﰎ‬ ‫ﺇﻗﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟــﻚ‬
.56 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬
31
59‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﻊ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺘﻮﻗﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺮﻭﺣــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .1
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳــﻖ‬ ‫ﺻﻜﻮﻙ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺩﻉ‬ .‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻕ‬‫ﱞ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻭﺳــﻴﺼ‬ .‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬
.‫ﺍﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬
.‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﻀﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﲢﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ . .2
‫ﺻﻜﻮﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﺸــﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻳﺪﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻓﺬﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺒــﺢ‬ .3
.‫ﺗﺼﺪﻳﻖ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺻــﻚ‬ ‫ﺇﻳﺪﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﻨــﺬ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻓــﺬﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺒــﺢ‬ .4
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻘﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴــﺒﺔ‬
.‫ﻻﺣﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺖ‬
‫ﺑﻨﻔﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑــﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﹼﻎ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻳﺒ‬ .5
‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺄﺳــﻤﺎﺀ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬
.‫ﻻﺣﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ،‫ﺗﺼﺪﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺻﻚ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﻳﺪﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧﺼــ‬ 1950 ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧــﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺸــﺮﻳﻦ‬/‫ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ‬ 4 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻣــﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻌــﺖ‬
‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺜﺒﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻼﻫﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﳒﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻧﺼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺮﺳــﻞ‬ .‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺩﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻧﺴــﺨﺔ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﻃﺒــﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧﺴــﺨ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠــﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌــﺎﻡ‬
.‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬
32
‫ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻠﺤﻖ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬
1952 ‫ﺁﺫﺍﺭ‬/‫ﻣﺎﺭﺱ‬ 20 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﺭﻳﺲ‬
،‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎﺀ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﻤﺎﻋﻴ‬ ‫ﺗﻀﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺑــﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻔﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﺰﻣــ‬
‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ I ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴــﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻠــﻚ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳــﺎﺕ‬
/‫ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ‬ 4 ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﻗــﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳــﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴــﺎﻥ‬
،(«‫ﺑـ»ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻧﺎﻩ‬ ‫)ﺍﳌﺴﻤﺎﺓ‬ 1950 ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬
: ‫ﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﻔﻘﺖ‬
1‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .‫ﳑﺘﻠﻜﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘــﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌــﻲ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻔﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺴــﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻜﻴﺘــﻪ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺴــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻣــﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒــﺎﺩﺉ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺸــﺮﻭﻁ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﻔﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﲤﺘﻠﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﻞﹼ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻤﺘﻠﻜﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
.‫ﹶﺮﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻬﺎﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺍﺋﺐ‬ ‫ﺩﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺄﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان
الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان

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الاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان

  • 2. ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ،14 ‫ﻭ‬ 11 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﹶﲔ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺘﻤﻤﺔ‬ 13 ‫ﻭ‬ 12 ‫ﻭ‬ 7 ‫ﻭ‬ 6 ‫ﻭ‬ 4 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬
  • 3. 14 ‫ﺭﻗــﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛــﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺣــﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻟــﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻴﻐﺘــﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﻧــﺺ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻳﻘــ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ‬ .2010 ‫ﺣﺰﻳــﺮﺍﻥ‬/‫ﻳﻮﻧﻴﻮ‬ 1 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻔــﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺑــﺪ‬ (STCE n°194) (STE n° 45) 3 ‫ﺭﻗــﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘــ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺳــﺎﺑﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺺ‬ ‫ﻝ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻋــ‬ (STE n° 55) 5 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ ،1970 ‫ﺃﻳﻠﻮﻝ‬/‫ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ‬ 21 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬ‬ 8 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛــﻮﻝ‬ ،1971 ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬/‫ﺩﻳﺴــﻤﺒﺮ‬ 20 ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌــﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓــﺬ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ‬ ،1990 ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬/‫ﻳﻨﺎﻳﺮ‬ 1 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓــﺬ‬ (STE n° 118) ‫ﳌﺎﺩﺗﻪ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺷــﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ (STE n° 44) 2 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧــﺺ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻳﻀــ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻓﺬﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﺒﺤﺖ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻨــﺬ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺠﺰﺃ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺟــﺰ‬ 3 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ (5) ‫ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺒﺪﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﰎ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬ .1970 ‫ﺃﻳﻠﻮﻝ‬/‫ﺳــﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ‬ 21 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌــﻮﻝ‬ 11 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺿﺎﻓﺘﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻟﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﺬ‬ .1998 ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬/‫ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ‬ 1 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺑﺪ‬ (STE n° 155) ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓــﺬ‬ (STE n° 140) 9 ‫ﺭﻗــﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻐــﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳــﺦ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﺍ‬ 10 ‫ﺭﻗــﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛــﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﺒــﺢ‬ ‫ﺣــﲔ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ 1994 ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﺸــﺮﻳﻦ‬/‫ﺃﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ‬ 1 .‫ﻏﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ (STE n° 146) ‫ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻻﺋﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻃﻼﻉ‬ ‫ﳝﻜﻦ‬ .www.conventions.coe.int ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻔﻈﺎﺕ‬ .‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺟﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺘﺜﺒﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﳒﻠﻴﺰﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺼﲔ‬ Only the English and French versions of the Convention are authentic. This translation is not an official version of the Convention. Seules les versions anglaise et française de la Convention font foi. Cette traduction n’est pas une version officielle de la Convention. European Court of Human Rights/Cour européenne des droits de l’homme Council of Europe/Conseil de l’Europe F-67075 Strasbourg cedex www.echr.coe.int
  • 4. 3 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ‬ 5.....................................................‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ 32.......................................................................................................‫ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ 35...........................................................................................................4 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ 39...........................................................................................................6 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ 43...........................................................................................................7 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ 49.........................................................................................................12 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ 53.........................................................................................................13 ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬
  • 5. 5 ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ 1950 ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬/‫ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ‬ 4 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺭﻭﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎﺀ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻋــﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻌــﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬﺕ‬ ‫ﳌﺎ‬ ‫؛‬1948 ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬/‫ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ‬ 10 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﱈ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻤﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﻘــﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟــﻰ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻫﺎﺩﻓ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﳌــﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻝ؛‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﺎﳌﻴ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻬﺎ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺣﺪﻯ‬ ،‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻋــﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺛﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﻫﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﳌــﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻠﻮﻍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺳــﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ؛‬ ‫ﻛﻮﻧﻬﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺳــﺦ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻅ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺬﺍﺕ‬ ،‫ﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﳝﻘﺮﺍﻃﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺸــﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸﺘﺮﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸﺘﺮﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ؛‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟــﺮﻭﺡ‬ ‫ﻧﻔــﺲ‬ ‫ﻤﺔ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻣﺴــﺘﻠﻬ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﺤﻜﻮﻣــﺎﺕ‬ ،‫ﻣﻨﻬــﺎ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻋﺰﻣــ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳــﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ‬ ‫ــﻤﺔ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻭﻣﺘﻘﺎﺳ‬ ‫ﺗﻀﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻔﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻌــﺔ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻋــﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼــﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﻤﺎﻋﻴــ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬
  • 6. 6 : ‫ﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﻔﻘﺖ‬ 1‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﻻﻳﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘــﺮﻑ‬ .‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ I ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ I ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ 2‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺎﻧــﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤــﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .1 ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﻋﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﳊﻜﻢ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻷﻱ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻋﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺒﺐ‬ .‫ﺍﳉﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺟﺰﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺺ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﻩ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻛ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴــﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .2 : ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﳉﻮﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧﺎﲡ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ؛‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻒ‬ ‫ﺿﺪ‬ ،‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻓﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺄﻣﲔ‬ (‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﳌﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴــﺬ‬ (‫ﺏ‬ ‫؛‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺠﺎﺯ‬ .‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﻋﺼﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺷﻐﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻤﻊ‬ (‫ﺝ‬
  • 7. 7 3‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺬﻳﺐ‬ ‫ﺣﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺬﻳــﺐ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺴــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺇﺧﻀﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .‫ﻣﻬﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ 4‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺒﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺮﻗﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺣﻈﺮ‬ .‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺒﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺮﻗﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .1 .‫ﺇﻟﺰﺍﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺟﺒﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺄﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﺰﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .2 : ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺴﺐ‬ «‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺇﻟﺰﺍﻣﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﺒﺮﻳ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫»ﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .3 ‫ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺠﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﻋﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﱠﺐ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻣﺘﻄ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ (‫ﺃ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬5‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬‫ﻟﻠﺸﺮﻭﻁ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻁ؛‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻓﺮﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻞ‬ ‫ﲢﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻳﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﺴﻜﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ (‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺿﻤﻴﺮﻳ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻨﻜﻔﲔ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﻟﺰﺍﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﻤﻴﺮﻱ؛‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻨﻜﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻌﺘﺮﻑ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﺍﺭﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﺯﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﱠﺒﺔ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻣﺘﻄ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣــﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ (‫ﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺔ؛‬ ‫ﺭﻓﺎﻫﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺟﺰ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ (‫ﺩ‬ 5‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .‫ﻭﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ .1 : ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﺣﺮﻳﺘﻪ‬
  • 8. 8 ‫ﻣﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﻧﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻣﺤﺘﺠﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ (‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ؛‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺠــﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻻﻋﺘﻘــﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﺨﻀﻌــ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ (‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﻣﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻘــﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻤﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ؛‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻐﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻣﺤﺘﺠــﺰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻣﻌﺘﻘــ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ (‫ﺝ‬ ‫ﺃﺳــﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺼــﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺌــﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻘﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺎﺑﻬﺎ؛‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺬ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﺮﺍﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺴــﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺠﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ (‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺪﳝﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧــﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺠــﺎﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺒــﺔ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺘــﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻃــﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﻤﻟﺘﺼﺔ؛‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﺮﺿ‬ ‫ﻧﺸــﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺢ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺸــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺠﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ (‫ﻩ‬ ‫؛‬ ‫ﳌﺘﺸﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﳌﺪﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﻟﺴﻜﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﻷﺧﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻌﺪﻳ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳌﻨﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﺸﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺠﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻘﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ (‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺬ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻣﺘﺨ‬ ‫ﻟﺸﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺧﻮﻝ‬ .‫ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻤــﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺘﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ .2 ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ؛‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺄﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺳﺒﺎﺏ‬ ،‫ﻳﻔﻬﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺸــﺮﻭﻁ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺘﺠﺰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺘﻘــﻞ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺜــﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﺐ‬ .3 ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺽ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻓــﻮﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﺝ‬.1 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼــﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻬﺬﺍ‬ ،‫ﻗﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻇﺎﺋﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﺰﺍﻭﻟﺔ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺁﺧــﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻛﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺝ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻳﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻘﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻠــﺔ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻛ‬‫ﻳﺤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊــﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺆﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻔﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻓــﺮﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﺇﺧﻀﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ .‫ﻣﺤﻜﺎﻣﺘــﻪ‬ .‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬
  • 9. 9 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺠﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﻋﺘﻘﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺮﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ .4 ‫ﺑﺎﻹﻓﺮﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺄﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺠﺎﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ .‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺠﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻇــﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺠﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻘــﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺿﺤﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ .5 .‫ﺍﳉﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ 6‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺩﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻛﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ،‫ﻗﻀﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺰﻳﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ .1 ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﺼــﻞ‬ ،‫ﻣﻌﻘﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻠــﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻋــﺎﺩﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺸــﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬ .‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺰﺍﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺴــﻮﻏﺎﺕ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻀﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻬــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨــﻊ‬ ‫ﺟــﻮﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻦ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠﻨﻴــ‬ ‫ﻳﺼــﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﳌﺼﺤﻠــﺔ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﺰﺋﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻛﻠﻴ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﺴــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣــﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﳝﻘﺮﺍﻃﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺻﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﺘﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣــﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﶈــﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻘــﻂ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﲟﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬ ،‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﳉﻠﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﻞﹼ‬ .‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴ‬ ‫ﺫﻧﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺑﺮﻳﺌ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺠﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ .2 : ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﲢﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ .3 ‫ﻭﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﻔﻬﻤﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻠﻐــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻠــﺔ‬ ‫ﺿﻤــﻦ‬ ‫ﻌﻠــﻢ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ (‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺴﺒﺒﻬﺎ؛‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ‬ ،‫ﻣﻔﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫؛‬ ‫ﺩﻓﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻹﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻔﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﺢ‬ ‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﳝ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ (‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺪﻓﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻳﺨﺘﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﲟﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻈﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﺍﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ (‫ﺝ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺪﺍﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺘﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣــﺎ‬ ،‫ﻣﺠﺎﻧــﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻓــﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻨــﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﺍﻓــﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﻟﺔ؛‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬
  • 10. 10 ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﺳﺘﺠﻮﺍﺑﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺛﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺷــﻬﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻳﺴــﺘﺠﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ (‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺠﻮﺍﺑﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻓﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺷــﻬﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺪﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺛﺒﺎﺕ؛‬ ‫ﺷﻬﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﻳﻔﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﺠﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﺷﻔﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ‬ ‫ﲟﺴــﺎﻋﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻈﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ (‫ﻩ‬ .‫ﺍﳉﻠﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻜﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ 7‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﻏﻔﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺴــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .1 ،‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺐ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﺒﺖ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻘــﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘــﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺷــﺪ‬ ‫ﻨﺰﻝ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﻮﺑــﺔ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .‫ﺍﳉﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﺛﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﻞﹼ‬ ‫ﻟﻦ‬ .2 ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍﻣﻴ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﻜﺐ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺸــﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻏﻔﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ .‫ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻀﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﱈ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺩﺉ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ 8‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻــﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ .1 .‫ﻭﻣﺮﺍﺳﻼﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺰﻟﻪ‬ ،‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .2 ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﳝﻘﺮﺍﻃــﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺗﺪﺑﻴــﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻓﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﻓﺎﻫﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧــﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳــﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺰﺍﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺮﺍﺋــﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻨــﻊ‬ .‫ﻭﺣﺮﻳﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ‬
  • 11. 11 9‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻤﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺴــﺘﻠﺰﻡ‬ .‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻤﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ .1 ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳــﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻌﺘﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳــﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊــﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺒﺪ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﻤﺎﻋﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻓﺮﺩﻳ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺘﻘﹶ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺣﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻤﺎﺭﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺘﻘﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .2 ‫ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺸــﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤــﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳــﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣــﻦ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﳝﻘﺮﺍﻃــﻲ‬ .‫ﻭﺣﺮﻳﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ 10‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺸــﻤﻞ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ .1 ‫ﻳﺤﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻘــﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟــﺮﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﲢﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .‫ﳊﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﻭﳕﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺫﺍﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺚ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺇﺧﻀــﺎﻉ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺧﻴﺺ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺸــﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳــﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺧﻀﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ .2 ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴــﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸــﺮﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻌــﺾ‬ ،‫ﻭﻣﺴــﺆﻭﻟﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺳــﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﳝﻘﺮﺍﻃﻲ‬ ‫ﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤــﺔ‬ ‫ﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﳉﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳــﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺳــﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺸــﻒ‬ ‫ﳌﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻴــﺮ‬ ‫ﺳــﻤﻌﺔ‬ .‫ﻭﻧﺰﺍﻫﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ‬
  • 12. 12 11‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻤﻌﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ .1 ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻧﺘﺴــﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺸــﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﲟﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﳉﻤﻌﻴــﺎﺕ‬ .‫ﻣﺼﺎﳊﻪ‬ ‫ﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳــﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .2 ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﳝﻘﺮﺍﻃﻲ‬‫ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻊ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬‫ﺗﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ‬‫ﺗﺸﻜﻞ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳــﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﲢﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .‫ﻭﺣﺮﻳﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﻘــﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻇﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻃﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴــﻠﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ 12‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺋﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺄﺳــﻴﺲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﺳــﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻮﻍ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺮﺟــﻞ‬ .‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ 13‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺼﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﳌﻌﺘﺮﻑ‬‫ﻭﺣﺮﻳﺎﺗﻪ‬‫ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻪ‬‫ﻬﻜﺖ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻧ‬‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ،‫ﻗﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺾ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺼﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊــﻖ‬ ‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳــﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻃﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﺷــﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻬﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗــﻜﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﻓــﻲ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻇﺎﺋﻔﻬﻢ‬
  • 13. 13 14‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺣﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺘــﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺘﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨــﺲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﻙ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﲢﺪﻳــﺪ‬ ،‫ﲤﻴﻴــﺰ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳــﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺮﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﻭﻃﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻤﺎﺀ‬ 15‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺮﻭﺝ‬ ‫ﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﻬــﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ .1 ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺍﺑﻴــﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃــﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺷــﺮﻁ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻘﻂ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻻ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬ ،2 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻭﺝ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﺢ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .2 (1 ‫)ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ 4‫ﻭ‬ 3 ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﲡﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺓ‬ .7‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ،‫ﺍﳋﺮﻭﺝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊــﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﳝﺎﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ .3 ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ .‫ﺃﻣﻠﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺬﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻛﻠﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﻼﻡ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻳﻀ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ‬
  • 14. 14 16‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﺎﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ 14 ‫ﻭ‬ 11 ‫ﻭ‬ 10 ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﺎﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﻧﺸــﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﻴــﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻓــﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗــﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃــﺮﺍﻑ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻲ‬ 17‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺎﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺣﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺴــﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﺸــﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺨﺮﺍﻁ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﳉﻤﺎﻋــﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻘــﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺘﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻘــﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻫــﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺳــﻊ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴــﺔ‬ .‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ 18‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﺸــﺮﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴــﻖ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .‫ﺃﺟﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻐﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬
  • 15. 15 II ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ 19‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﲡﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻬﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻨ‬ ‫ﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻜﻤــﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺸــﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺼﺎﺭ‬ ،‫ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴــﺔ‬ .‫ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ .‫ﺃﺩﻧﺎﻩ‬ «‫ﺑـ»ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻤﺎﺓ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ 20‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﻌــﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺄﻟــﻒ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ 21‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﻮﺍ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻳﻠ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺭﺟﺔ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﺧﻼﻗﻴ‬ ‫ﹼﻮﺍ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻳﺘﺤ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ .1 ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻧﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴــﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﳌﻤﺎﺭﺳــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻄﻠﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸــﺮﻭﻁ‬ .‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺘﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻛﻔﺎﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺫﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻴﲔ‬ .‫ﻓﺮﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻜﻢ‬ .2 ‫ﻧﺸــﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﳝﺎﺭﺳــﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻻﻳﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻣــﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺿﻤــﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﻀــﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .3 ‫ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻍ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺰﺍﻫﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳــﺘﻘﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺬﻩ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﺮﻓﻊ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺼﻞ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺸــﺎﻁ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬
  • 16. 16 22‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ‬ ،‫ﺳــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﳌﺎﻧﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻤﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀــﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﺨــﺐ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺪﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺷــﺤﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳــﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺻــﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺄﻛﺜﺮﻳــﺔ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬ 23‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺰﻟﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻻﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺓ‬ .‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲡﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ .‫ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻊ‬ ‫ﳌﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻨﺘﺨﺐ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ .1 .70‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ﺳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻮﻏﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻻﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬ .2 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻮﺍﺻﻠﻮﻥ‬ .‫ﺍﺳﺘﺒﺪﺍﻟﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺎﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﺍﺻﻞ‬ .3 .‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺄﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺳﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﰎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺄﻛﺜﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺼﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺽ‬ ‫ﺇﻗﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﲡﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .4 .‫ﱠﺒﺔ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺍﳌﺘﻄ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﻮﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻠﺜﲔ‬ 24‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺮﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﻢ‬ .‫ﻭﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ .1 ‫ﻣﻘﺮﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺴــﺎﻋﺪﻫﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ .2 ‫ﻗﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺘﻤﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻢ‬ .‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﺋﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺎﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﳝﺎﺭﺳــﻮﻥ‬ .‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬
  • 17. 17 25‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﺔ‬ : ‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .‫ﺳــﻨﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﳌﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺮﺋﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺋﺒﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺎﺋﺐ‬ ‫ﺭﺋﻴﺴــﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﺨﺐ‬ (‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﻬﻢ؛‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﲡﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ؛‬ ‫ﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﻞ‬ (‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﻬﻢ؛‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﲡﻮﺯ‬ .‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﺭﺅﺳﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﺨﺐ‬ (‫ﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ؛‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮ‬ (‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ؛‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻧﺎﺋﺒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺭﺋﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﺨﺐ‬ (‫ﻩ‬ .2 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ 26 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﻃﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻘﺪﻡ‬ (‫ﻭ‬ 26‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺠﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﻴﺌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﲡﺘﻤــﻊ‬ ،‫ﺃﻣﺎﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻓﻮﻋــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺮ‬ .1 ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ،‫ﻗﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺠﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤــﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺸــﻜﻞ‬ .‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺎﺿﻴ‬ ‫ﻋﺸــﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺴــﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ .‫ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ،‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺎﻣــﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﻠﺐ‬ .2 ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﻀــﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﻔــﺾ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻔﺘــﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻘــﺮﺍﺭ‬ .‫ﻗﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺧﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿــﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿــﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .3 ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺨﺐ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻧ‬ ‫ﺍﻟــﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄــﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺿــﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤــﺎﺱ‬ .‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺯﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺐ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺨ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿــﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .4 ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋــﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻋﻀﻮ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻴ‬ ‫ﻳﻜــﻮﻥ‬
  • 18. 18 ‫ﺑﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻀﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﺭﺗــﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿــﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﺴﺒﻘ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﺋﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﻳﺨﺘﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺽ‬ .‫ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺎﺋﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤــﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﺋﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻳﻀــ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻀــﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ .5 ‫ﺇﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ .‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺅﺳﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ،43 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒــﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺭﺋﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳــﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬ ،‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﺪﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋــﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻣﻨﺘﺨ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿــﻲ‬ .‫ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻲ‬ 27‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺮﺩﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻠﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻔــﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ .1 ‫ﻫﻜﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﺠﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﻄﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،34 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻗﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ .‫ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .2 ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻠﻦ‬ ‫ﻟــﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ .3 ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺎﻟﻪ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺳــﺠﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺸــﻄﺒﻪ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻗﻴﻖ‬ 28‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻘﺮﺍﺭ‬ ،34 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟــﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻊ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ .1 : ‫ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﺠﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺸــﻄﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ (‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻗﻴﻖ؛‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻜﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬
  • 19. 19 ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣﻜﻤ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻌ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺼﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ (‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻔﺴــﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴــﺄﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺟﺘﻬﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﻤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬــﺎ‬ .‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺳﺦ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ‬ 1 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘــﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺣــﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘــﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .2 .‫ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻋــﻦ‬ ‫ﺐ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺨ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿــﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻜــﻦ‬ ‫ﻟــﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ .3 ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺯ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻋﻀﻮ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺯﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻘــﺎﺽ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻋﻮﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣــﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﲟﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣــﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﺴــﺒﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ،‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴــﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄــﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻗــﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓــﺔ‬ .‫ﺏ‬.1 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ 29‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺼﺪﺭ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻭﻟــﻢ‬ ،28 ‫ﺃﻭ‬ 27 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺗــﲔ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟــﺐ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﺨــﺬ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻟــﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ .1 ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺳــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﺕ‬ ،28 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟــﺐ‬ .‫ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ .34 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻓﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺳــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﺮ‬ .2 ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺨﺬ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬ .33 ‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺮﻓﻮﻋــﺔ‬ .‫ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺆﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ‬ 30‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺄﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺆﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﳑﻜﻨ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻔﺴــﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺯ‬ ،‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺄﻟﺔ‬
  • 20. 20 ‫ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺨﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ﺑﻌــﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﺪﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻗــﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻃﺎﳌﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺋــﺮﺓ‬ .‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺘﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ 31‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺻﻼﺣﻴﺎﺕ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ 34 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ 33 ‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻓﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺳــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﺮ‬ (‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺎﻟــﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻜــﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣــﺎ‬ ‫؛‬43 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺄﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﺘﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴــﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﲢﻜﻢ‬ (‫ﺏ‬ ‫؛‬4 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ 46 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ .47 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻓﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻃﻠﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﺮ‬ (‫ﺝ‬ 32‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻔﺴــﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴــﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻳﺸــﻤﻞ‬ .1 ‫ﻟﻠﺸــﺮﻭﻁ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻄﺮﺡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻴــﻖ‬ .47‫ﻭ‬ 46‫ﻭ‬ 34‫ﻭ‬ 33 ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻓــﺈﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼــﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘــﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﺣــﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ .2 .‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ 33‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﺘﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺰﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪ‬ ،‫ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ .‫ﺁﺧﺮ‬
  • 21. 21 34‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬‫ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬‫ﺃﻱ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻘﻬﻢ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻛ‬ ‫ﻳﺰﻋﻤــﻮﻥ‬ ،‫ﺃﺷــﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ .‫ﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﳌﻌﺘﺮﻑ‬‫ﻟﻠﺤﻘﻮﻕ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻤﺎﺭﺳــﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﻗﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﺘــﺰﻡ‬ .‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﺍ‬ 35‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺼﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺳــﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻨﻔﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤــﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .1 ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌــﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﳌﺒــﺎﺩﺉ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻃﻘﺒ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﻀﻮﻥ‬ : 34 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﲟﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺒﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .2 ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ؛‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ (‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻮﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ (‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ــﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﻃ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ .‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ 34 ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻓــﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠــﻦ‬ .3 : ‫ﺭﺃﺕ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ،‫ﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣــﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ (‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ؛‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﻮﻏﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺿﻮﺡ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻨﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﻫﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌــﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ــﺲ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﺍﳌﻠﺘﻤ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ (‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻀﻤﻮﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﹼ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﺷــﺮﻁ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺻﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻃﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬
  • 22. 22 .‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﻬــﺬﻩ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻏﻴــﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤــﺔ‬ ‫ﹼ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﺗــﺮ‬ .4 ‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ .‫ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ 36‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻖ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺮﻓﻊ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ .1 ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈــﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ــﺲ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﻣﻠﺘﻤ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﻃﻦ‬ ‫ﻟــﻪ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ .‫ﺍﳉﻠﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﺎﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﻋﻮ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺣﺴــﻦ‬ ‫ﳌﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬ .2 ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻃﺮﻓ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸــﺎﺭﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻘــﺪﱘ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ،‫ﺲ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﺍﳌﻠﺘﻤ‬ ‫ﻋــﺪﺍ‬ .‫ﺍﳉﻠﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﳌﻔﻮﺽ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺮﻓﻊ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ .3 ‫ﻳﺸــﺎﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ .‫ﺍﳉﻠﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ 37‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻄﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟــﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠــﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻜﻤــﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ .1 : ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﺠﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺷﻄﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺒﻘﺎﺋﻪ؛‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺭﺍﻏﺒ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺲ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﺍﳌﻠﺘﻤ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ (‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺖ؛‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺯﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ (‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ،‫ﻭﺟــﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﻘﻘﺖ‬ ‫ﺁﺧــﺮ‬ ‫ﺳــﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ (‫ﺝ‬ .‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺻﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬
  • 23. 23 ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻜــﻦ‬ .‫ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻀﻤﻮﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﺠﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ .2 .‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ 38‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺠﻮﺍﺑﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﲡﺮﻱ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﳑﺜﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﺎﻫﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼــﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗــﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﲢﻘﻴﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠــﺰﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻨــﺪ‬ .‫ﺑﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ‬ 39‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟــﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ .1 ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺴــﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻐﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻴﲔ‬ ‫ﺗﺼــﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺴــﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺔ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻣﺴﺘﻠﻬ‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ .‫ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ .‫ﺳﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ‬ 1 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .2 ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻄﺐ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ .3 .‫ﺍﳌﻌﺘﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻠﺤﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻮﻗﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﺠﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴــﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﻗﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨــﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻝ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻳﺤــﻮ‬ .4 .‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺀﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲ‬
  • 24. 24 40‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻃﻼﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﻟــﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﺴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳــﺘﻤﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﺴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .1 .‫ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻤﻬﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺩﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋــﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .2 .‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﺋﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ 41‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺭﺿﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻠﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﺯﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺴــﻤﺢ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤــﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﺖ‬ ،‫ﻧﺎﻗــﺺ‬ ‫ﺑﺸــﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻬﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺍﻗــﺐ‬ .‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻨﺼﻔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺇﺭﺿﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻀﺮﺭ‬ 42‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ 44 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻷﺣــﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻋــﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣــﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺒﺢ‬ .2 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ 43‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺷــﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﻀﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ .1 ‫ﺇﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣــﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋــﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺻــﺪﻭﺭ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬
  • 25. 25 ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒــﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﻀــﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺧﻤﺴــﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺒﻞ‬ .2 ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻔﺴــﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺄﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻄــﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ .‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺄﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻳﻀ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋــﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻧﻈــﺮﺕ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀــﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌــﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻠــﺖ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ .3 .‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣﻜﻤ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺻﺪﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ 44‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ .‫ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .1 : ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻴ‬ ‫ﻳﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .2 ‫ﺇﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﻠــﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻋــﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺰﻭﻓﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃــﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠــﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣــﺎ‬ (‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ؛‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻄﻠﺐ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻟــﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺻــﺪﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺷــﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌــﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ (‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ؛‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﻠــﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋــﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻗﻀــﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﹼ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﺗــﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣــﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ (‫ﺝ‬ .43 ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ .3 45‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺳــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘــﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣــﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﱠــﻞ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺗﻌ‬ .1 .‫ﻋﺪﻣﻪ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﺟﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﺰﺋﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻛﻠﻴــ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜــﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ .2 .‫ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﺮﺃﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺇﺭﻓﺎﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺽ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﹼ‬‫ﻖ‬‫ﺣ‬
  • 26. 26 46‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻟﺰﺍﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﺣــﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﻣﺘﺜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃــﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﺘﺰﻡ‬ .1 .‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻃﺮﺍﻓ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺯﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ .‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﻗﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻝ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻳﺤﻮ‬ .2 ‫ﺩﻭﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜــﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨــﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ .3 ‫ﺗﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ،‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺻﻌﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺛﻠﺜﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻛﺜﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﺨﺬ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺄﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﻤﻟﻮﻟﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻤﺜﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻣﺘﺜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﻓﺾ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺳــﺎﻣﻴ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻃﺮﻓ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ .4 ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺬﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ،‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻃﺮﻓ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺯﻋــﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻘــﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﻤﻟﻮﻟﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻤﺜﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺛﻠﺜﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻛﺜﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺬ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻘﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄــﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘــﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺄﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺸــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﺘﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ .1 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺎﻟﺖ‬ ،1 ‫ﻟﻠﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﻘﻘﺖ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ .5 ‫ﲢﻘﻘﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ‬ .‫ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫﻫــﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﺑﻴــﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻔﺤﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻟــﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺎﻟﺖ‬ ،1 ‫ﻟﻠﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ .‫ﻓﺤﺼﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ 47‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺇﺻﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻤﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ .1 .‫ﻭﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻧﻄﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﲟﻀﻤﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .2 ‫ﺳﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ I ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴــﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬
  • 27. 27 ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴــﺎﺋﻞ‬ .‫ﻟﻼﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻣﺘﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻛﺜﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟــﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺨﺬ‬ .3 .‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﻤﻟﻮﻟﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻤﺜﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﻮﺍﺕ‬ 48‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﺍﳌﺘﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘــﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻃﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻘــﺮﺭ‬ .47 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻬﺎ‬ 49‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻞ‬ .‫ﻣﻌﻠﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .1 ،‫ﺍﻹﺟﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﺰﺋﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻛﻠﻴ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ .2 .‫ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﺮﺃﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺇﺭﻓﺎﻗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺽ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﹼ‬‫ﻖ‬‫ﺣ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻝ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﲢﻮ‬ .3 50‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺎﺕ‬ .‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻔﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻜﻔﻞ‬
  • 28. 28 51‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺼﺎﻧﺎﺗﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺼﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﻣﺘﻴــﺎﺯﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺎﻣﻬــﻢ‬ ‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳــﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻤﺘــﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳــﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ 40 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ .‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﲢﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻘﻮﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﺎﺕ‬ III ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ 52‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﲢﻘﻘﻴﺎﺕ‬ ،‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﻓــﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨــﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻣــﲔ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋــﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻳﻀﺎﺣــﺎﺕ‬ .‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻝ‬ 53‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺘﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺴــﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺆﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﻟﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻌﺘﺮﻑ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﳝﺲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ .‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻃﺮﻓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ 54‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻄﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﳝﻨﺤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴــﻠﻄﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺨــﻞﹼ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬
  • 29. 29 55‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺰﺍﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﻣﺘﺒــﺎﺩﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺸــﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺨﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻫﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻨﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ،‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺴــﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺷــﺊ‬ ‫ﻧﺰﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻻﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ‬ ،‫ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻧــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴــﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘــﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴــﻖ‬ .‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ 56‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻨــﺪ‬ ،‫ﺩﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ .1 ،‫ﺳﺘﻄﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺎﻟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ 4 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻗﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻮﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺎﻟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺎﻟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻖ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺗﻄ‬ .2 ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺬﻛــﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺎﻟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺣــﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ــﻖ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺗﻄ‬ .3 .‫ﺍﶈﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻀﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﺴﺒﺎﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺇﻋﻼﻧــ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﺪﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ .4 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻮﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠــﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﻴــﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻈﻤــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴــﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺷــﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺳــﺎﺕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ 34 ‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺺ‬ ‫ﻛﻤــﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺷــﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻄﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺎﻟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﻗﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ .‫ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻥ‬
  • 30. 30 57‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻔﻈﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻳﺪﺍﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻗﻴﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺠــﻮﺯ‬ .1 ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﲔ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ ‫ﲢﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺇﺑــﺪﺍﺀ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳــﻖ‬ ‫ﺻــﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻓﺬ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﻋــﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑــﻊ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻔﻈــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .‫ﺍﳊﻜــﻢ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﲔ‬ ،‫ﺍﳊــﲔ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ .‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻤﻮﺡ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﺮﺿ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻤﻀﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﻩ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘــ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺏ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻳﻌــﺮ‬ ‫ﲢﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ .2 .‫ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﺟﻴﺰ‬ 58‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺴــﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻄﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .1 ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﻔــﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺳــﻨﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻘﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺷــﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺳــﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﺷــﻌﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻊ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ .‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻌﻠﻢ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄــﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺇﺣﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺴــﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻫــﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺘــﺞ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﳝﻜــﻦ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .2 ‫ﺑﺄﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻀﻤﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪﺛﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻜــﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﻩ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬــﺎﻛ‬ ‫ﺗﺸــﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻌﺔ‬ .‫ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮﻳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﻭﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺴﺤﺐ‬ .3 .‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺴــﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ .4 ‫ﻟﺸــﺮﻭﻁ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺒﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﻼﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﰎ‬ ‫ﺇﻗﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟــﻚ‬ .56 ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬
  • 31. 31 59‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻮﻗﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺮﻭﺣــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .1 ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳــﻖ‬ ‫ﺻﻜﻮﻙ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺩﻉ‬ .‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻕ‬‫ﱞ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻭﺳــﻴﺼ‬ .‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ .‫ﺍﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬ .‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﻀﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﲢﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ . .2 ‫ﺻﻜﻮﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﺸــﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻳﺪﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻓﺬﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺒــﺢ‬ .3 .‫ﺗﺼﺪﻳﻖ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺻــﻚ‬ ‫ﺇﻳﺪﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﻨــﺬ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻓــﺬﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺒــﺢ‬ .4 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻘﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴــﺒﺔ‬ .‫ﻻﺣﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻔﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑــﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﹼﻎ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻳﺒ‬ .5 ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺄﺳــﻤﺎﺀ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ .‫ﻻﺣﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ،‫ﺗﺼﺪﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺻﻚ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﻳﺪﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧﺼــ‬ 1950 ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧــﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺸــﺮﻳﻦ‬/‫ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ‬ 4 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻣــﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻌــﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺜﺒﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻼﻫﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﳒﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻧﺼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺮﺳــﻞ‬ .‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺩﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻧﺴــﺨﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﻃﺒــﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧﺴــﺨ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻟﻠــﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌــﺎﻡ‬ .‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬
  • 32. 32 ‫ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻠﺤﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ 1952 ‫ﺁﺫﺍﺭ‬/‫ﻣﺎﺭﺱ‬ 20 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﺭﻳﺲ‬ ،‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎﺀ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﻤﺎﻋﻴ‬ ‫ﺗﻀﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺑــﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻔﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﺰﻣــ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ I ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴــﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻠــﻚ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳــﺎﺕ‬ /‫ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ‬ 4 ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﻗــﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳــﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴــﺎﻥ‬ ،(«‫ﺑـ»ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻧﺎﻩ‬ ‫)ﺍﳌﺴﻤﺎﺓ‬ 1950 ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬ : ‫ﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﻔﻘﺖ‬ 1‫ﺍﳌــﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .‫ﳑﺘﻠﻜﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘــﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌــﻲ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻔﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺴــﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻜﻴﺘــﻪ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺴــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻣــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒــﺎﺩﺉ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺸــﺮﻭﻁ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﻔﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﲤﺘﻠﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴــﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﻞﹼ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻤﺘﻠﻜﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ .‫ﹶﺮﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻬﺎﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺍﺋﺐ‬ ‫ﺩﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺄﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬