DNVGL_ST_N0001 FULL.pdf

NOBLE DENTON MARINE SERVICES
Disclaimer
The extracted sections below are based on your selections in the wizard. DNV GL do not take on any
responsibility for your selection related to your project scope and DNV GL expressly disclaims any liability if
the outcome of the selection does not encompasses the need or does not fit for purpose.
Where DNV GL Noble Denton marine services is the Marine Warranty Survey provider, it should be read in
conjunction with DNVGL-SE-0080 Noble Denton marine services – marine warranty survey, which provides a
description of the process used by DNV GL Noble Denton marine services when providing marine warranty
survey (MWS) services to evaluate whether a marine operation can be accepted for the purposes of
insurance-related MWS. It addresses both ‘project’ and MODU/MOU related MWS.
The use of our standard presupposes and does not replace the application of industry knowledge,
experience and know-how throughout the marine operation activities. It should solely be used by
competent and experienced organizations, and does not release the organizations involved from exercising
sound professional judgment.
Full Version
DNVGL-ST-N001
Full Version
DNVGL-ST-N001 Marine operations and marine warranty (Edition: 2016-06)
SECTION 0 CHANGES – CURRENT
SECTION 1 Introduction
1.1 General
1.2 Objective
1.3 Scope
1.4 References
1.5 Definitions
1.6 Acronyms, abbreviations and symbols
SECTION 2 Planning and execution
2.1 Introduction
2.2 General project requirements
2.3 Technical documentation
2.4 Risk management
2.5 Planning of marine operations
2.6 Operation and design criteria
2.7 Weather forecast
2.8 Organization of marine operations
2.9 Monitoring
2.10 Inspections and testing
2.11 Vessels
SECTION 3 Environmental conditions and criteria
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Design environmental condition
3.3 Design environmental criteria for weather restricted operations
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3.4 Design criteria for weather unrestricted operations
3.5 Weather/metocean forecast requirements
3.6 Benign weather areas
SECTION 4 Ballast and other systems
4.1 Introduction
4.2 System and equipment design
4.3 Ballasting systems
4.4 Guiding and positioning systems
4.5 ROV systems
SECTION 5 Loading and structural strength
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Design principles
5.3 Specific design considerations
5.4 Testing
5.5 Load categorisation
5.6 Loads and load effects (responses)
5.7 Failure modes
5.8 Analytical models
5.9 Strength assessment
5.10 Materials and fabrication
SECTION 6 Gravity based structure (GBS)
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Floating GBS stability and freeboard
6.3 Structural strength
6.4 Instrumentation
6.5 GBS installation
SECTION 7 Cables, pipelines, risers and umbilicals
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Codes and standards
SECTION 8 Offshore wind farm (OWF) installation operations
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Planning
8.3 OWF installation vessels
8.4 Planning and execution
8.5 Load-outs of OWF components
8.6 Transport of OWF components
8.7 Installation of OWF components
8.8 Lifting operations and lifting tools
8.9 Information required for MWS approval
SECTION 9 Road transport
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Requirements
9.3 Information required
SECTION 10 Load-out
10.1 Introduction
10.2 General
10.3 Loads
10.4 Design calculations
10.5 Systems and equipment
10.6 Vessels
10.7 Operational aspects
10.8 Special cases
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SECTION 11 Sea voyages
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Towage or transport design/approval flow chart
11.3 Motion response
11.4 Default motion criteria – General
11.5 Default motion criteria – IMO
11.6 Default motion criteria – Ships
11.7 Default motion criteria – Specific cases
11.8 Directionality and heading control
11.9 Design and strength
11.10 Floating stability
11.11 Transport vessel or barge selection
11.12 Tug selection
11.13 Towing equipment
11.14 Voyage planning
11.15 Bilge & ballast pumping systems
11.16 Anchors (and alternatives) and mooring arrangements
11.17 Manned voyages
11.18 Specific for multiple towages
11.19 Specific for towing in ice
11.20 Specific for towage in the Caspian Sea
11.21 Specific for FSUs (FPSOs, FSOs, FLNG facilities, FRSUs etc.)
11.22 Specific for jacket voyages
11.23 Specific for ship towage
11.24 Specific for voyage to scrapping
11.25 Specific for towing of pipes and submerged objects
11.26 Specific for deep draught towages
11.27 Specific for jack-up voyages
11.28 Approaching a jack-up location
11.29 Rig move procedures (for all MOUs)
11.30 Specific for semi-submersible voyages
SECTION 12 Tow out of dry-dock or building basin
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Dry dock/construction basin
12.4 Mooring and handling lines for tow-out
12.5 Intact & damage stability
12.6 Under-keel clearance for leaving basin
12.7 Side clearances
12.8 Under-keel clearance outside basin
12.9 Towage and marine considerations
SECTION 13 Jacket installation operations
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Environmental conditions
13.3 Strength
13.4 Jacket buoyancy, stability and seabed clearance
13.5 Jacket lift
13.6 Jacket launch
13.7 Floating controlled upend and set-down ballasting
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13.8 Jacket position and set-down
13.9 Buoyancy tank
13.10 On-bottom stability and piling
SECTION 14 Construction afloat
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Loads and structures
14.3 Stability and damage stability
14.4 Mooring and fendering
14.5 Construction spread
14.6 Operational requirements
SECTION 15 Lift-off, mating and float-over operations
15.1 Introduction
15.2 General
15.3 Loads
15.4 Systems and equipment
15.5 Vessels
15.6 Operational aspects
15.7 Specific for lift-off operations
15.8 Specific for mating operations
15.9 Specific for float-over operations
15.10 Specific for docking operations
SECTION 16 Lifting operations
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Load factors
16.3 Derivation of hook, lift point and rigging loads
16.4 Sling and grommet design
16.5 Shackle design
16.6 Other lifting equipment design
16.7 Crane and installation vessel
16.8 Structural analysis
16.9 Lift point design
16.10 Fabrication yard lifts
16.11 Fabrication of rigging and lifting equipment
16.12 Certification and inspection of rigging and lifting equipment
16.13 Clearances
16.14 Bumpers and guides
16.15 Heave compensation
16.16 Operations and practical considerations
16.17 Subsea lifting and installation
SECTION 17 Mooring and dynamic positioning systems
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Codes and standards
17.3 Design environmental conditions
17.4 Environmental loads and motions
17.5 Mooring analysis
17.7 Clearances
17.8 Mooring equipment
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17.9 Procedural considerations
17.10 Special considerations for inshore & quayside moorings
17.11 Weather restricted mooring considerations
17.13 Dynamic positioning systems
SECTION 18 Decommissioning and removal of offshore installations
18.1 Introduction
18.2 General principles
SECTION 19 References
APPENDIX A Introduction
APPENDIX B Planning and execution
B.1 Documentation and certification for marine vessels
B.2 Documentation required for lifting, towing and mooring gear - Informative
B.3 Iceberg management operations
B.4 Ensemble forecasting - informative
APPENDIX C Environmental conditions and criteria
C.1 General
C.2 Wind conditions
C.3 Wave conditions
APPENDIX D Ballasting and other systems
APPENDIX E Structural strength
E.1 Fillet weld checking
E.2 Bolted connections
APPENDIX F Gravity based structure (GBS)
APPENDIX G Cables, pipelines, risers and umbilicals
APPENDIX H Offshore wind farm installations - Informative
H.1 Introduction
H.2 General
H.3 Cable challenges/cables
H.4 Specific challenges/considerations for array cables
H.5 Exclusions from marine warranty scope
APPENDIX I Land transport
APPENDIX J Load-out
APPENDIX K Towage and sea transport
K.1 Example of main tow bridle with recovery system
K.2 Example of emergency towing gear
K.3 Example of Smit-type clench plate
K.4 Emergency anchor mounting on a billboard
K.5 Alternatives to the provision & use of an emergency anchor
K.6 Alternative arrangements for towing connections for ship towages
K.7 Example of cribbing / seafastening force calculations - Informative
K.8 Good practice recommendations for the tie-down of lifting slings - Informative
K.9 Good practice recommendations for towing - Informative
K.10 Ice Classification - Informative
K.11 Options for MOU voyages in ice - Informative
APPENDIX L Tow out of dry-dock or construction basin
APPENDIX M Jacket Installation
APPENDIX N Construction afloat
APPENDIX O Float-over, mating and float-off operations
APPENDIX P Lifting operations - Informative
P.1 2-Hook lift - load factors and derivation of lift point loads
P.2 Padeye calculations
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DNVGL-ST-N001 Marine operations and
marine warranty (Edition: 2016-06)
SECTION 0 CHANGES – CURRENT
This document (DNVGL-ST-N001 - Edition 2016-06) replaces the legacy DNV-OS-H-series and all legacy GL
Noble Denton Guidelines except 0009/ND, 0016/ND, which are addressed in the DNVGL-ST-N002 standard and
0021/ND which will be addressed in a service specification.
The following is a summary provided for guidance on where the contents of the legacy documents can be found
in this standard.
Sec.1 Introduction
Sec.2 Planning and execution
This section replaces the following parts of the VMO Standard and the ND Guidelines:
• DNV-OS-H101
• 0001/ND.
Sec.3 Environmental conditions and criteria
This section replaces the applicable sections of the legacy GL Noble Denton Guidelines and legacy DNV-OS-H-
series standards.
Sec.4 Ballast and other systems
• DNV, Marine Operations, General, DNV-OS-H101
• DNV, Load Transfer Operations, DNV-OS-H201
• GL Noble Denton, General Guidelines for Marine Projects, 0001/ND
• GL Noble Denton, Guidelines for Load-outs, 0013/ND
• GL Noble Denton, Guidelines for Float-over Installations / Removals, 0031/ND.
Sec.5 Loading and structural strength
This section replaces the applicable sections of the legacy GL Noble Denton Guidelines and legacy DNV-OS-H-
series standards.
Sec.6 Gravity based structure (GBS)
This section replaces the applicable sections of the following legacy documents:
• GL Noble Denton, Guidelines for concrete gravity structure construction & installation, 0015/ND
• DNV Offshore Standard, Load transfer operations, DNV-OS-H201.
Sec.7 Cables, pipelines, risers and umbilicals
Sec.8 Offshore wind farm (OWF) installation operations
This section replaces the applicable sections of the following legacy document:
• 0035/ND Guidelines for Offshore Wind Farm Infrastructure Installation.
Sec.9 Road transport
This section is new.
Sec.10 Load-out
• DNV-OS-H201, Load transfer operations
• GL Noble Denton, Guidelines for Load-outs, 0013/ND
Sec.11 Sea voyages
P.3 Calculation of SKL
APPENDIX Q Mooring and dynamic positioning systems
Q.1 Good practice recommendations for quayside mooring - Informative
Q.2 Dynamic positioning systems - Informative
APPENDIX R Decommissioning and removal of offshore installations
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• DNV-OS-H202, Sea transport operations
• DNV-OS-H203, Transit and Positioning of Offshore Units
• GL Noble Denton, Guidelines For Marine Transportations, 0030/ND.
Sec.12 Tow out of dry-dock or building basin
• DNV Offshore Standard, Load Transfer Operations, DNV-OS-H201.
Sec.13 Jacket installation operations
• DNV Offshore Standard, Offshore Installation Operations (VMO Standard Part 2-4), DNV-OS-H204
• GL Noble Denton, Guidelines for Steel Jacket Transportation & Installation, 0028/ND.
Sec.14 Construction afloat
• 0015/ND Guidelines for concrete gravity structure construction & installation
• DNV Offshore Standard DNV-OS-H201 Load Transfer Operations.
Sec.15 Lift-off, mating and float-over operations
• GL Noble Denton, Guidelines For Float-Over Installations / Removals, 0031/ND
• DNV Offshore Standard DNV-OS-H201 Load Transfer Operations.
Sec.16 Lifting operations
• GL Noble Denton, Guidelines For Marine Lifting & Lowering Operations, 0027/ND
• DNV Offshore Standard DNV-OS-H205 Lifting Operations (VMO Standard – Part 2-5)
• DNV Offshore Standard DNV-OS-H206 Load-out, transport and installation of subsea objects (VMO
Standard – Part 2-6).
Sec.17 Mooring and dynamic positioning systems
• GL Noble Denton, Guidelines for Moorings , 0032/ND
• DNV-OS-H101 Marine Operations, General
• DNV-OS-H102 Marine Operations, Design and Fabrication
• DNV-OS-H203 Transit and Positioning of Offshore Units.
Section [17.13] replaces the applicable Dynamic Positioning related sections of the following legacy documents:
• DNV Offshore Standard, Transit and Positioning of Offshore Units, DNV-OS-H203.
Sec.18 Decommissioning and removal of offshore installations
This section replaces Section 14 of 0001/ND “General Guidelines for Marine Projects”.
SECTION 1 Introduction
1.1 General
1.1.1
DNV GL Noble Denton marine services is a global provider of Marine Warranty Services and has set the industry
standard for marine operations and marine assurance activities for the last 50 years. Our collective industry best
practice and guidance documentation is referenced and used all over the world. This document includes the
harmonized legacy DNV standards and legacy GL Noble Denton guidelines, with the exception of those for
MODU/MOU site specific assessment.
1.1.2
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Where DNV GL Noble Denton marine services is the Marine Warranty Survey provider, it should be read in
conjunction with DNVGL-SE-0080 Noble Denton marine services – marine warranty survey, /38/, which provides a
description of the process used by DNV GL Noble Denton marine services when providing marine warranty
survey (MWS) services to evaluate whether a marine operation can be accepted for the purposes of insurance-
related MWS. It addresses both ‘project’ and MODU/MOU related MWS.
1.1.3
This document may be used in its complete form using the relevant sections based on the asset type and/or
operation. It is recommended that the reader uses the Noble Denton marine services wizard available through
My DNV GL (https://my.dnvgl.com/ (https://my.dnvgl.com/)) for easier access and to obtain the relevant sections
based on asset type and/or operation.
1.1.4
The use of this standard presupposes and does not replace the application of industry knowledge, experience
and know-how throughout the marine operation activities. It should solely be used by competent and
experienced organizations, and does not release the organizations involved from exercising sound professional
judgment. DNV GL has however no obligations or responsibility for any services related to this standard
delivered by others. DNV GL has a qualification scheme mandatory to approval engineers and surveyors
providing services related to this standard. This ensures that all approvals and certificates delivered are carried
out by well qualified personnel who understand the intention behind the standard, the limitations and the correct
interpretations. The use of this document is at the user's sole risk. DNV GL does not accept any liability or
responsibility for loss or damages resulting from any use of this document.
1.1.5
Further provisions and background information are contained in the appendices.
1.1.6
In some cases risk assessments can be used to justify project-specific deviations from the standard criteria
provided that the results are acceptable. When such risk assessments show that the risk levels are increased
relative to those inherent in the standard criteria, the operation may be approved subject to disclosure by the
client to, and agreement by, the insurance underwriters.
1.1.7
Execution of operations not adequately covered by this Standard shall be specially considered in each case.
1.1.8
Fulfilment of all requirements in this Standard does not guarantee compliance with international and national
(statutory) regulations, rules, etc. covering the same subjects/operations.
1.1.9
This Standard should if required be used together with other recognized codes or standards applicable for
marine operations.
1.1.10
In case of conflict between other codes or standards and this document, the latter shall be governing if this
provides a higher level of safety or serviceability.
1.1.11
By recognized codes or standards are meant national or international codes or standards applied by the majority
of professionals and institutions in the marine and offshore industry.
1.1.12 SWL and WLL:
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a. Safe Working Load (SWL) has generally been superseded by Working Load Limit (WLL) though both are in
common use during the change-over period. However confusion can arise due to the very different safety
factors being assumed by different equipment manufacturers and for different uses (e.g. mooring, lifting
or towing). Whenever possible this standard uses minimum breaking load (MBL) or ultimate load capacity
(ULC) to avoid these problems.
b. If the WLL or SWL of a shackle or other equipment is documented but the MBL or ULC is not, the owner or
operator should obtain a document from the manufacturer stating the minimum Safety Factor - defined as
(MBL or ULC) / (WLL or SWL as appropriate).
c. There is often some confusion about the differences between WLL and SWL. SWL is a derated value of
WLL, following an assessment by a competent person of the maximum static load the item can sustain
under the conditions in which the item is being used. SWL may be the same or less than WLL but can never
be more.
1.2 Objective
1.2.1
This standard is intended to ensure marine operations are designed and performed in accordance with
recognized safety levels and to describe “current industry good practice”. Where applicable, this standard can
be used in the approval of the marine operation(s) for Marine Warranty Survey purposes.
1.3 Scope
1.3.1
This standard addresses the marine operations that can occur during the development of an offshore asset or
when objects are moved by water from one place to another. It addresses the Marine Warranty Survey
requirements relevant to load-out, construction afloat, voyages and installation and the load cases that should be
addressed in the design.
1.3.2
The integrity of the final structure in the installed condition is the responsibility of the Assured and would
normally be verified and accepted by the certifying authority. The Marine Warranty Survey company takes no
responsibility for the installed condition unless the Marine Warranty Survey scope specifically addresses this case
e.g. for jack-up location approval.
1.3.3
With the exception of location approval of MOUs (Mobile Offshore Units) which are covered in DNVGL-ST-
N002, /39/, this standard covers most offshore assets and operations that are likely to require MWS approval.
1.4 References
1.4.1 Normative (i.e. mandatory) references
1.4.1.1
The standards and guidelines in Table 1-1 include provisions, through which reference in this text constitute
provisions of this standard.
Table 1-1 Normative (i.e. mandatory) standards
Id Name Date Revision
AISC: 360/10
Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, (included in
AISC Steel Construction Manual 14 Edition)
2010 14
DNVGL-OS-C101
Design of offshore steel structures, general – LRFD
method
2015
th
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DNVGL-ST-N002
Site specific assessment of mobile offshore units [due to
be issued in 2016, until then GL Noble Denton 0009/ND
“Guidelines for site specific assessments of jack-ups”
applies]
2016
EN 1993 Eurocode 3, Design of steel structures
IMO IMDG International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code 2006
IMO Intact
Stability Code
Intact Stability Code
2008 and later
amendments
IMO International
Convention on
Load Lines
IMO International Convention on Load Lines,
Consolidated Edition 2002
2002
IMO COLREGS
IMO International Regulations for Preventing Collisions
at Sea, 1972 (amended July 2015) (COLREGS)
1972
(amended
July 2015)
IMO ISM Code
IMO International Safety Management Code - ISM Code
- and Revised Guidelines on Implementation of the ISM
Code by Administrations
2002
IMO ISPS Code
International Ship and Port Facility Security Code
(amendment to SOLAS convention)
2002
(effective
2004)
IMO Resolution
A.1024(26)
Guidelines for ships operating in polar waters Jan 2010
ISO 19901-5
Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries “Specific
requirements for offshore structures – Part 5: Weight
control during engineering and construction”.
2016
1.4.2 Informative references
1.4.2.1
All references appear in Sec.19.
1.5 Definitions
1.5.1 Verbal forms
Table 1-2 Definitions of verbal forms
Term Definition
shall
verbal form used to indicate requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to the
document
should
verbal form used to indicate that among several possibilities one is recommended as particularly
suitable, without mentioning or excluding others, or that a certain course of action is preferred but
not necessarily required
may verbal form used to indicate a course of action permissible within the limits of the document
Where Guidance Notes have been included they are used for giving additional information, clarifications or
advice to increase the understanding of preceding text. Therefore Guidance Notes shall not be considered as
giving binding or defining requirements. Any values in Guidance Notes are not a requirement and shall be
considered as an initial recommendation.
1.5.2 Terms
1.5.2.1
Underlined definitions are defined elsewhere in Table 1-3.
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Table 1-3 Definition of terms
Term Definition
1 intercept (angle)
The first angle of static inclination at which the wind overturning moment is equal to
the righting moment (see Figure 11-3 and Figure 11-4)
24-hour Move
A jack-up move taking less than 24 hours between entering the water and reaching
a safe air gap with at least two very high confidence good weather forecasts for the
48 hours after entering the water, having due regard to area and season.
2 intercept (angle)
The second angle of static inclination at which the wind overturning moment is
equal to the righting moment (see Figure 11-3 and Figure 11-4)
9-Part sling
A sling made from a single laid sling braided nine times with the sling rope and
eyes forming each eye of the 9-part sling.
A&R Winch
The Abandonment and Retrieval winch on a lay vessel whose primary purpose is to
lower the pipeline to the seabed and to retrieve it back to the lay vessel with
sufficient working tension to control the pipe catenary within safe code limits at all
stages.
Accidental Limit State
The limit state related to an accidental event. This can apply to either the intact
structure resisting accidental loads (including operational failure) or the load
carrying capacity of the structure in a damaged condition.
Added Mass
Added mass or virtual mass is the inertia added to a system because an
accelerating or decelerating body shall move some volume of surrounding water as
it moves through it, since the object and fluid cannot occupy the same physical
space simultaneously.
This is normally calculated as Mass of the water displaced by the structure
multiplied by the added mass coefficient.
Added Mass
Coefficient
Non-dimensional coefficient dependant on the overall shape of the structure
Alpha Factor
The maximum ratio of operational criteria/design environmental condition to allow
for weather forecasting inaccuracies. See [2.6.9]
Angle of Loll The static angle of inclination after flooding, without wind heeling (see Figure 11-4)
Approval
The act, by the designated the MWS company representative, of issuing a
Certificate of Approval.
Array Cable(s)
Generic term collectively used for Inter Turbine Cables and Collector Cables. See
also Infield Cables
Asset An structure or object subject to an insurance warranty or at risk from an operation
Assured
The Assured is the person who has been insured by some insurance company, or
underwriter, against losses or perils mentioned in the policy of insurance.
Barge A non-propelled vessel commonly used to carry cargo or equipment.
Base weight
The calculated weight of a structure, excluding all allowances and contingencies.
Sometimes known as net weight
Bend Restrictor
A device with several interlocking elements that lock when a design radius is
achieved.
Bend Strain Reliever
(BSR)
A tapered plastic sleeve fitted to a flexible pipe, umbilical or cable at the transition
between a stiff section (typically an end fitting or connector) and the normal body
of the pipe, umbilical or cable. Also known as Bend Stiffener
Bending Factor γ
A partial safety factor that accounts for the reduction in strength caused by bending
round a shackle, trunnion, diverter or crane hook.
Benign (weather) area An area with benign weather as described in [3.6]
Bifurcated tow
The method of towing 2 (or more) tows, using one tow wire, where the second (or
subsequent) tow(s) is connected to a point on the tow wire ahead of the preceding
tow, and with each subsequent towing pennant passing beneath the preceding
tow. See [11.18.1.4]
st
nd
b
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Bird-caging
A phenomenon whereby armour wires locally rearrange with an increase and/or
decrease in pitch circle diameter as a result of accumulated axial and radial stresses
in the armour layer(s).
Bollard Pull (BP)
Certified continuous static bollard pull of a tug. The mean bollard pull developed in
a test by a tug at 100% of the Maximum Continuous Rating (MCR) of main engines
over a period of 10 minutes. This is used for the selection of tugs and sizing of
towing equipment.
Maximum bollard pull (at 110% of MCR) should not be used for tug selection.
Buckle “Wet”/“Dry”
A local collapse of pipe cross section in the span of pipe between the lay vessel and
the seabed. “Dry” means that the pipe wall is not breached and “Wet” means that
the pipe wall is breached and seawater floods into the pipe.
Bundle
A configuration of two or more pipelines joined together and either strapped or
contained within a carrier or sleeve pipe.
Burial Assessment
Survey (BAS)
A survey to assess the expected burial depths on a cable route using purpose built
sledges equipment with bottom penetrating sonar equipment or by towing a
miniature plough.
Burial Protection Index
(BPI)
A process to optimise cable burial depth requirements based on a risk assessment
of threats to the cable and the soil strengths in the location of each risk.
Cable Burial
A submarine power cable is trenched into the seabed and covered with soil
providing complete burial of a cable.
Cable Grips
Cable Grips are used to pull or support cables and pipes. They work on the
principle of the harder the pull, the tighter the grip.
Cable Tank A circular storage area where cable is coiled.
Cable-laid grommet
A single length of unit rope laid up 6 times over a core, as shown in IMCA M
179 /81/, to form an endless loop. Sometimes known as an endless sling
Cable-laid sling
A sling made up of 6 unit ropes laid up over a core unit rope, as shown in IMCA M
179, /81/, with a hand spliced eye at each end.
Cargo
Where the item to be transported is carried on a vessel, it is referred to throughout
this standard as the cargo. If the item is towed on its own buoyancy, it is referred to
as the tow.
Cargo overhang Distance from the side of the vessel to the extreme outer edge of the cargo
Cargo ship safety
certificates
(Safety Construction)
(Safety Radio)
(Safety Equipment)
Certificates issued by a certifying authority to attest that the vessel
• complies with the cargo ship construction and survey regulations,
• has radiotelephone equipment compliant with requirements and
• carries safety equipment that complies with the rules applicable to that vessel
type.
Carrier or Sleeve pipe The outer casing of a bundle or pipe-in-pipe.
Cats-paw
An extreme type of loop thrown into cables where a combination of low tension
and residual torsion forms a twisted loop. Commonly seen at repair Final Splice
locations where the Final Splice is lowered too quickly.
Certificate of Approval
(CoA)
A formal document issued by a MWS company surveyor stating that, in his/her
judgement and opinion, all reasonable checks, preparations and precautions have
been taken to keep risks within acceptable limits, and an operation may proceed.
Certified Having (or proved by) a certificate from an acceptable source
Chinese Fingers
Also known as pulling socks are used to pull or support cables and pipes. They
work on the principle of the harder the pull, the tighter the grip.
Classification
A system of ensuring ships are built and maintained in accordance with the Rules of
a particular Classification Society. Although not an absolute legal requirement, the
advantages (especially as regards insurance) mean that almost all vessels are
maintained in Class.
Client
The company to which the MWS company is contracted to perform marine warranty
or consultancy activities.
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Cold Stacking
Cold stacking is where the unit is expected to be moored or jacked-up for a
significant period of time and will have minimum or, in some cases, no services or
personnel available.
Column stabilised unit
A MOU which floats on its columns during operation or transit (e.g. semi-
submersible).
Competent person
A Competent Person carrying out a thorough
examination/assessment /analysis/certification shall have such appropriate practical
and theoretical knowledge and experience of the equipment and/or activity.
Although the competent person may often be employed by another organisation,
this is not necessary, provided they are sufficiently independent and impartial to
ensure that in-house examinations are made without fear or favour. However, this
should not be the same person who undertakes routine maintenance of the
equipment as they would then be responsible for assessing their own maintenance
work.
Note: Where local or national regulations define a Competent Person with more
onerous requirements, then the definition in these local or national regulations
shall apply.
Consequence Factor
γ
Factor applied in the design of critical components to ensure that these
components have an increased factor of safety in relation to the consequence of
their failure.
Controlled Depth Tow
(CDT)
A special towing operation where the pipe string or bundle is made almost
buoyant and towed at a controlled depth within the water column, suspended
between a lead and trail tug.
Crane vessel
The vessel, ship or barge on which lifting equipment is mounted. For the purposes
of this document it is considered to include: crane barge, crane ship, derrick barge,
floating shear-leg, heavy lift vessel, semi-submersible crane vessel (SSCV) and jack-
up crane vessel.
Cribbing
An arrangement of timber baulks, secured to the deck of a barge or vessel, formally
designed to support the cargo, generally picking up the strong points in vessel
and/or cargo.
Cross Linked
Polyethylene (XLPE)
A type of AC cable conductor insulation commonly used on submarine power
cables.
Cross Sectional Area
(CSA)
Normally the CSA of a single conductor in a submarine power cable x 3. For
example a submarine power cable with 3x600 mm in its designation would be a
cable with three conductors each of 600 mm .
Dead Man Anchor
(DMA)
Anchor or multiple anchors (which may be clump weights, sometimes buried),
typically used to initiate pipelay.
Deck mating
The act of installing integrated topsides over a substructure, generally by float-over
and ballasting. Deck mating may take place inshore or offshore, onto a floating or a
previously installed substructure.
Deck Support Unit
(DSU)
Unit installed on the vessel grillage to support the structure before and during the
float-over. It can be designed to either provide a rigid vertical support and allow
horizontal movement or utilise elastomers to absorb vertical and horizontal
installation motions and forces.
Deep water
This is determined on a case by case basis but for installation of subsea equipment
it is generally taken as greater than 500 m.
Demolition towage Towage of a “dead” vessel for scrapping.
Design environmental
condition
The design wave height, wave period, wind speed, current and other relevant
environmental conditions specified for the design of a particular voyage or
operation.
Determinate lift
A lift where the slinging arrangement is such that the sling loads are statically
determinate, and are not significantly affected by minor differences in sling length
or elasticity e.g. two and three point lifts
Double tow
The operation of towing two tows with two separate tow wires by a single tug. See
[11.18.1.2]
Dry Towage The operation of transporting a cargo on a barge.
b
2
2
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Dunnage
Typically dunnage is inexpensive material used to protect cargo during transport.
Dunnage also refers to material used to support loads and prop tools and
materials. See cribbing.
Dynamic Amplification
Factor (DAF)
The factor by which the weight is multiplied, to account for accelerations and
impacts during the operation
Dynamic Angle The smallest angle at which the area ratio in [11.10.3.1] is satisfied
Dynamic hook load Static hook load multiplied by the DAF.
Engineered lift
A lift which is planned, designed and executed in a detailed manner, with thorough
supporting documentation. See [16.1.1.4].
Export Cable(s)
Submarine power cables connecting the offshore wind farm transformer station to
a landfall connection.
Factored weight
The calculated weight of a structure, including all allowances and contingencies.
Sometimes known as gross weight.
Fatigue Limit State
The limit state related to the capacity of the structure to resist accumulated effect of
repeated loading.
Field Joint Coating
(FJC)
Refers to single or multiple layers of coating applied to girth welds and associated
cutback of the line pipe coating. Coating can be applied in factory or field.
Final Splice
The location where a second joint is inserted into a cable system during a repair
and includes the excess slack in the cable where the two ends of the final splice
come to the surface.
Flag state
The state under which a commercial vessel is registered or licenced. It has the
responsibility to enforce regulations over vessels registered under its flag,
including inspections, certification and issuance of safety or pollution prevention
documents.
Floating off-load The reverse of floating on-load
Floating on-load
The operation of transferring a cargo, which itself is floating, onto a vessel or barge,
which is submerged for the purpose.
Floating Production
System (FPS)
Including FPV, FPU, FPSO, FGSO, spar (buoy) or TLP
Float-Over
The operation of installation/removal of a structure onto or from a fixed host
structure by manoeuvring and ballasting the transport vessel to effect load transfer
Forecasted
Operational Criteria
The metocean limits used when assessing weather forecasts to determine the
acceptability of proceeding with (each phase of) an operation beyond the next
Point of No Return.
For a weather restricted operation/voyage these equal the Operational Limiting
Criteria multiplied by an Alpha factor.
Freeboard
Freeboard is defined as the distance from the waterline to the watertight deck
level. In commercial vessels, it is measured relative to the ship's load line.
“Effective freeboard” is the minimum vertical distance from the still water surface to
any opening (e.g. an open manhole) or downflooding point, after accounting for
vessel trim and heel.
Global Positioning
System (GPS)
A satellite based system providing geographic coordinate location.
Grillage
A structure, secured to the deck of a barge or vessel, formally designed to support
the cargo and distribute the loads between the cargo and barge or vessel.
Heave Vessel motion in a vertical direction
Heavy Transport
Vessel (HTV)
A vessel which is designed to ballast down to submerge its main deck, to allow self-
floating cargo(es) to be on-loaded and off-loaded.
Host Structure
The host structure (e.g. jacket, GBS, TLP) onto which the structure or structure deck
will be floated and supported, or from which it will be removed.
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Hydro-acoustic
Positioning Reference
(HPR)
A through water acoustic link between a vessel and a seabed beacon. Used to
locate and track vehicles in the water column and can be used as a DP reference.
Indeterminate lift
Any lift where the sling loads are not statically determinate, typically lifts using four
or more lift points
Inshore Mooring A mooring operation in relatively sheltered coastal waters, but not at a quayside.
Inspection and Test
Plan (ITP)
A plan in which all test, witness and hold points for all aspects of a cable installation
are listed.
Insurance Warranty
A clause in the insurance policy for a particular venture, requiring the Assured to
seek approval of a marine operation by a specified independent survey house.
International
Association of
Classification Societies
(IACS)
A listing of IACS members is given on the IACS web site
http://www.iacs.org.uk/explained/members.aspx
(http://www.iacs.org.uk/explained/members.aspx)
International Cable
Protection Committee
(ICPC)
A trade body representing and lobbying on behalf of subsea cable owners. For
historical reasons membership is predominately comprised of telecom companies.
International
Convention for the
Safety Of Life At Sea
SOLAS, /92/
An international treaty concerning the safety of merchant and other ships and
MOUs.
International Maritime
Organization (IMO)
The United Nations specialized agency with responsibility for the safety and
security of shipping and the prevention of marine pollution by ships
International Safety
Management (ISM)
The ISM Code provides an International standard for the safe management and
operation of ships and for pollution prevention.
Intersection Point
The point at which two straight sections or tangents to a pipeline curve, or two
slings, meet when extended.
ISM Code
International Safety Management Code - the International Management Code for
the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention - SOLAS Chapter IX, /92/
I-tube
A vertical tube fitted to offshore structures to install product between the seabed
and the structure topsides.
Jacket
A sub-structure, positioned on the seabed, generally of tubular steel construction
and secured by piles, designed to support topsides facilities.
Jack-up
A self-elevating MODU, MOU or similar, equipped with legs and jacking systems
capable of lifting the hull clear of the water.
J-Lay
A laying method where the pipe joints are raised to a nearly vertical angle in a
tower mounted on a pipelay vessel in a tower, assembled and lowered, curved
through approximately 90° (J shape) to lie horizontally on the sea-bed.
J-tube
A J shaped tube fitted to offshore structures to install product between the seabed
and the structure topsides.
Kilometre Point
The position of on pipeline route at a given distance from an agreed reference
point, typically at or near one end.
Lay Back
The horizontal offset from the last pipe support on the lay vessel to the touch down
point on the seabed.
Leg Mating Unit (LMU)
Unit that is designed and installed between the structure and the host structure in
order to absorb vertical and horizontal installation motions and forces. The units are
normally either installed on the host structure legs to receive the structure, or on
the structure leg stubs, in order to interface with the host structure legs. LMU’s can
be also installed on the removal vessel.
Lift point
The connection between the rigging and the structure to be lifted. May include
padear, padeye or trunnion
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Lifting Beam
A lifting beam is a structure designed to be connected to a lifting appliance at a
single point, and structure being lifted is connected to the bottom of the beam at
two or more lift points. The beam shall resist the bending moments. It is not
designed to carry compression loads.
Lightship weight The weight of the hull plus permanently installed items.
Limit state
A state beyond which the product or component no longer satisfies the given
acceptance criteria
Limit State 1 (LS1)
An ASD/WSD design condition where the loading is gravity dominated; also used
when the exclusions of [5.9.7.1 3)] apply.
Limit State 2 (LS2)
An ASD/WSD design condition where the loading is dominated by
environmental/storm loads, e.g. at the 10 year or 50 year return period level or, for
weather restricted operations, (where the operational limiting criteria are less than
the design environmental criteria due to the application of an Alpha Factor, see
[2.6.9]).
Line pipe Coated or uncoated steel pipe sections, intended to be assembled into a Pipeline
Linear Cable Engine
(LCE)
An industry term commonly used to refer collectively to cable lay tensioners.
Link beam/link span
The connecting beam between the quay and the barge or vessel. It may provide a
structural connection, or be intended solely to provide a smooth path for skidshoes
or trailers/SPMTs.
Load Factor (LF)
A factor used on a design load in a limit state analysis and is also used in the design
of slings and grommets used for lifting operations.
Load line
The maximum depth to which a ship may be loaded in the prevailing circumstances
in respect to zones, areas and seasonal periods. A Load line Certificate is subject to
regular surveys, and remains valid for 5 years unless significant structural changes
are made.
Load transfer
operation
The operation to transfer the load (i.e. an object) from/to vessel(s) without using
cranes, i.e. by using (de-)ballasting. Typical load transfer operations are load-out,
lift-off, mating and float-over.
Load-in
The transfer of an assembly, module, pipes or component from a barge or vessel,
e.g. by horizontal movement or by lifting.
Load-out
The transfer of an assembly, module, pipes or component onto a barge or vessel,
e.g. by horizontal movement or by lifting.
Load-out Support
Frame (LSF)
A structural frame that supports the structure during fabrication and load-out and
may support the structure on a barge/vessel above grillage.
Load-out, floating A Load-out onto a floating vessel.
Load-out, grounded A Load-out onto a grounded vessel.
Load-out, lifted A Load-out performed by crane.
Load-out, skidded
A Load-out where the structure is skidded, using a combination of skidways,
skidshoes or runners, propelled by jacks or winches.
Load-out, trailer A Load-out where the structure is wheeled onto the vessel using trailers or SPMTs.
Location move
A move of a MODU or similar, which, although not falling within the definition of a
field 24-hour move, may be expected to be completed with the unit essentially in
24-hour field move configuration, without overstressing or otherwise endangering
the unit, having due regard to the length of the move, and to the area (including
availability of shelter points) and season.
Magnetic Particle
Inspection (MPI)
A Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) process for detecting surface and slightly
subsurface discontinuities in ferroelectric materials such as iron
Marine operation See Operation
Marine Warranty
Survey company
MWS Company
The Marine Warranty Survey (MWS) company is one that is specified on an
insurance warranty and has been contracted to approve specified operations as a
condition of the insurance.
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Marine Warranty
Survey company
surveyor (MWS
company surveyor)
An MWS company surveyor is employed to review the proposed procedures and
equipment and, when satisfied that they and the weather forecasts are suitable, to
issue a Certificate of Approval for each relevant operation. He /she may also attend
during such operations to monitor that the procedures are followed or to agree any
necessary changes.
Matched pair of slings
A matched pair of slings is fabricated or designed so that the difference in length
does not exceed 0.5d for cable laid slings or grommets and 1.0d for single laid
slings or grommets, where d is the nominal diameter of the sling or grommet. See
Section 2.2 of IMCA M 179 /81/ for cable laid details
Material Factor γ
A factor used on a material’s yield stress in a limit state analysis and is also a factor
used in the design of slings and grommets used for lifting operations. Note: For
slings and grommets, the material factor is a function of the age, certification and
material type.
Maximum Continuous
Rating (MCR)
Manufacturer’s recommended Maximum Continuous Rating of the main engines.
Mechanical
Termination
A sling eye termination formed by use of a ferrule that is mechanically swaged onto
the rope. See ISO 2408 and 7531, /104/ and /105/.
Minimum Bend Radius
(MBR)
Specified by the manufacturer of a flexible pipe, umbilical or cable. This is the
minimum radius to which a flexible, umbilical or cable can be bent without
compromising its integrity.
Minimum Breaking
Load (MBL)
The minimum value of breaking load for a particular sling, grommet, wire or chain,
shackle etc.
Mobile Mooring
Mooring system, generally retrievable, intended for deployment at a specific
location for a short-term duration, such as those for mobile offshore units.
Mobile Offshore Unit
(MOU)
For the purposes of this document, the term may include Mobile Offshore Drilling
Units (MODUs), and non-drilling mobile units such as accommodation,
construction, lifting or production units including those used in the offshore
renewables sector.
Monopile Tubular structure used as foundation for offshore wind turbine generator.
Moored Vessel Within the scope of this document refers to any structure which is being moored.
Mooring System
Consists of all the components in the mooring system including shackles
windlasses and other jewellery and, in addition, rig/vessel and shore attachments
such as bollards.
Most Probable
Maximum Extreme
(MPME)
The value of the maximum of a variable with the highest probability of occurring
over a period of 3 hours.
NOTE The most probable maximum is the value for which the probability density
function of the maxima of the variable has its peak. It is also called the mode or
modus of the statistical distribution. It typically occurs with the same frequency as
the maximum wave associated with the design sea state.
Multiple towage
The operation of towing more than one tow by a single tug, or more than 1 tug
towing one tow. See [11.18]
Nacelle
The part of the wind turbine on top of the tower, where the hub, gearbox,
generator and control systems are located.
Non-Destructive
Testing (NDT)
Ultrasonic scanning, magnetic particle inspection, eddy current inspection or
radiographic imaging or similar. Can also include visual inspection.
Not To Exceed (NTE)
weight
Sometimes used in projects to define the maximum weight of a structure for an
operation. See [5.6.2.2]
Off-hire survey
A survey carried out at the time a vessel, barge, tug or other equipment is taken off-
hire, to establish the condition, damages, equipment status and quantities of
consumables, intended to be compared with the on-hire survey as a basis for
establishing costs and liabilities.
Off-load The reverse of load-out
b
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Offshore Converter
Station
The offshore converter station transforms the collected energy from the offshore
transformer stations (several wind parks) to Direct Current in order to send it to a
land based converter station.
Offshore pull The pulling of a pipeline away from the shore using a lay vessel
Offshore Transformer
Station
The offshore transformer station is transforming the collected energy from the wind
turbines to a higher voltage.
On-hire survey
A survey carried out at the time a vessel, barge, tug or other equipment is taken on-
hire, to establish the condition, any pre-existing damages, equipment status and
quantities of consumables. It is intended to be compared with the off-hire survey as
a basis for establishing costs and liabilities. It is not intended to confirm the
suitability of the equipment to perform a particular operation.
Operation reference
period
The Planned Operation Period, plus the contingency period. See [2.6.2] to [2.6.4]
Operation, marine
operation
Generic term covering, but not limited to, the following activities which are subject
to the hazards of the marine environment:
a. Load-out/load-in
b. Voyage
c. Lift/Lowering (offshore/inshore)
d. Tow-out/tow-in
e. Float-over/float-off
f. Jacket launch/jacket upend
g. Pipeline installation
h. Construction afloat
Operational Limiting
Criteria
The metocean limits used when assessing weather forecasts to determine the
acceptability of proceeding with (each phase of) an operation beyond the next
Point of No Return.
For a weather restricted operation/voyage these equal the design environmental
condition multiplied by an Alpha factor.
Padear
A lift point consisting of a central member, which may be of tubular or flat plate
form, with horizontal trunnions round which a sling or grommet may be passed
Padeye
A lift point consisting essentially of a plate, reinforced by cheek plates if necessary,
with a hole through which a shackle may be connected
Permanent Mooring
Mooring system normally used to moor floating structures deployed for long-term
operations, such as those for a floating production system.
Pigging
The practice of passing a device known as a “pig” through a pipeline for
maintenance (e.g. for cleaning, gauging or inspection) without stopping the flow in
the pipeline.
Pipe carrier A vessel specifically designed or fitted out to transport Line pipe
Pipe-in-Pipe A single rigid pipe held within a carrier pipe by spacers and/or solid filler.
Pipelay
The operation of assembling and laying the pipeline on the seabed, from start-up
point to lay-down point.
Pipeline
Any marine pipeline system for the carriage of oil, gas, water or other process
fluids. It may be of rigid material or flexible layered construction. For the purposes
of this document the term pipeline includes flowlines as defined in API RP 1111, /3/
Planned Operation
Period
The planned duration of the operation from the forecast before either the
operation start or Point of No Return, as appropriate, to a condition when the
operations/structures can safely withstand a seasonal design storm (also termed
“safe to safe” duration) this excludes the contingency period
Platform The completed steel or concrete structure complete with topsides
Point of No Return
(PNR)
The last point in time, or a geographical point along a route, at which an operation
could be aborted and returned to a safe condition.
Port (or point) of
shelter
See Shelter point
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Port of refuge
A location where a towage or a vessel seeks refuge, as decided by the Master, due
to events which prevent the towage or vessel proceeding towards the planned
destination. A safe haven where a towage or voyage may seek shelter for survey
and/or repairs, when damage is known or suspected.
Pre-Loading
The testing of soil foundations or anchors by loading to check that they can take
subsequent loads. For jack-up foundations it is often done be adding water ballast
to pre-load tanks or (with units with more than 3 legs) by pre-driving by removing
load from other legs in turn.
Procedure A documented method statement for carrying out an operation
Product
A generic term used within this standard to reference pipelines (rigid and flexible),
risers, jumpers, umbilicals and submarine cables.
Pull Back Method
A J-tube pull-in operation where the pull-in winch is mounted on the installation
vessel and the end of the pull-in wire connected to the cable runs from the vessel to
the J-tube bottom end up and over a sheave and back to the installation vessel
pull-in winch.
Quadrant
A structure, usually with rollers, to limit the MBR as the cable travels over or though
it and changes direction, typically during loading or laying during second end J
tube pull in operations.
Quadratic Transfer
Function (QTF)
Refers to the matrix that defines second order mean wave loads on a vessel in bi-
chromatic waves. When combined with a wave spectrum, the mean wave drift loads
and low frequency loads can be calculated.
Quayside Mooring A mooring that locates a vessel alongside a quay (usually at a sheltered location).
Recognized
Classification Society
(RCS)
Member of IACS with recognized and relevant competence and experience in
specialised vessels or structures, and with established rules and procedures for
classification/certification of such vessels/structures under consideration.
Reduction Factor, γ
The Reduction Factor used in the design of slings or grommets representing the
largest values of γb and γs.
Redundancy Check
Check of the failure load case associated with the applicable extreme (survival)
environment, e.g. the one line broken case.
Reel Lay (for rigid
pipe)
A laying method where the pipeline is pre-assembled into long strings or stalks and
wound onto a large reel with the pipe experiencing plastic deformation when
wound on and off the reel and straightened when reeled off. Typical lay angles of
20 to 90 degrees are achieved.
Registry
Registry indicates who may be entitled to the privileges of the national flag, gives
evidence of title of ownership of the ship as property and is required by the need of
countries to be able to enforce their laws and exercise jurisdiction over their ships.
The Certificate of Registry remains valid indefinitely unless name, flag or ownership
changes.
Remotely (Controlled)
Operated Vehicle
(ROV)
A device deployed subsea on a tether or umbilical, typically equipped with a
subsurface acoustic navigation system and thrusters, to control its location and
attitude, and a lighting and video system. Additional devices such as manipulators,
acoustic scanning for touch down monitoring, etc., may also be provided.
Response Amplitude
Operator (RAO)
Defines the vessel’s (first order) response in regular waves and allows calculation of
vessel wave frequency (first order) motion in a given sea state using spectral
analysis techniques.
Rig
General reference term often used to describe a jack-up or semi-submersible
(Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit or MODU)see MOU) e.g. ‘Rig move procedures’
Rigging
The slings, shackles and other devices including spreaders used to connect the
structure to be lifted to the crane
Rigging weight
The total weight of rigging, including slings, shackles and spreaders, including
contingency.
Righting Arm (GZ) Righting Moment divided by the displacement
Risk assessment
A method of hazard identification where all factors relating to a particular operation
are considered.
r
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Rope
An assembly of strands wrapped around a core. When a rope is used for cable-laid
sling or cable-laid grommet it is referred to as a unit rope (as per IMCA M 179 /81/).
Rotor Configuration consisting of the complete set of blades, connected to the hub.
Route Planning List
(RPL)
A tabularised list of the coordinates defining the route along which a submarine
cable is to be installed and the planned installation slack. A post installation RPL will
record the as-built cable route coordinates, installed slack and burial depths.
Routine lift
“Everyday” lift, without detailed design, planning or documentation, such as
general cargo lifting operations or lifting portable units on/off a supply vessel. See
[16.1.1.4].
Safe condition
A condition where the object is considered to be exposed to a normal level of risk
of damage or loss. See guidance note to [2.5.1.2]
Safe Working Load
(SWL)
SWL is a derated value of WLL, following an assessment by a competent person of
the maximum static load the item can sustain under the conditions in which the
item is being used. See [1.1.12]
Safety Management
System (SMS)
A structured and documented system enabling Company personnel to implement
the Company safety environmental protection policy.
Sand Jacks
A compartment filled with sand that is incorporated into the LMU to allow the final
controlled lowering of the structure onto the host structure
Scour pit
The result of scour around a pile, leg etc. See “Dynamics of scour pits and scour
protection”, /119/
Sea room
The distance that a disabled vessel or tow in bad weather can drift before
grounding. See [11.14.1.5]
Seafastenings
The means of restraining movement of the loaded structure on or within the barge
or vessel
Self-Propelled Modular
Transporter (SPMT)
A trailer system having its own integral propulsion, steering, jacking, control and
power systems.
Semi-submersible
A floating structure normally consisting of a deck structure with a number of widely
spaced, large cross-section, supporting columns connected to submerged
pontoons.
Serviceability Limit
State (SLS)
A design condition where the structure is required to fulfil its primary operational
function.
Setback
The space on the derrick floor where stands of drill pipe or tubing are “setback”
and racked in the derrick. It can also mean the amount of drill pipe etc. in this area.
Shelter point (or port
of shelter, or point of
shelter)
An area or safe haven where a towage or vessel may seek shelter, in the event of
actual or forecast weather outside the design limits for the voyage concerned. A
planned holding point for a staged voyage
Shore pull The pulling of a cable or pipeline to the shore from a lay barge/vessel
Simultaneous
Operations (SIMOPS)
Operations usually involving various parties and vessels requiring co-ordination
and definitions of responsibilities.
Single Laid Sling
A sling normally made up of 6 strands laid up over a core, as shown in ISO 2408
and 7531, (/104/ and /105/), with terminations each end.
Single tow The operation of towing a single tow with a single tug.
Site Move
An operation to move a structure or partially assembled structure in the yard from
one location to another. The site move may precede a load-out if carried out as a
separate operation or may form part of a load-out. The site move may be subject to
approval if so desired.
Skew Load Factor
(SKL)
A factor to account for additional loading caused by rigging fabrication tolerances,
fabrication tolerances of the lifted structure and other uncertainties with respect to
asymmetry and associated force distribution in the rigging arrangement.
Skidshoe
A bearing pad attached to the structure which engages in the skidway and carries a
share of the vertical load
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Skidway
The lower continuous rails, either on the quay or on the vessel, on which the
Structure is loaded out, via the Skidshoes.
Slack Management
A generalized term used by the submarine cable installation industry to refer to the
control of cable pay-out out against a pre-defined installation plan.
Slamming loads
Transient loads on the structure due to wave impact when lifting through the splash
zone.
S–Lay
A laying method where the pipe is assembled horizontally, fed out of the stern or
bow of the barge or vessel, typically over a stinger
Can also be without stinger at certain depths or at the end of the shore pull before
the water depth increases to a depth where stinger becomes necessary, and then
makes a double curve (shallow S shape) to lie horizontally on the sea-bed.
Sling design Load
The maximum calculated dynamic axial load in a lifting sling, including all relevant
load factors.
Sling eye A loop at each end of a sling, either formed by a splice or mechanical termination
Specified Minimum
Yield Stress (SMYS)
The minimum yield stress specified in standard or specification used for purchasing
the material.
Splice
That length of sling where the rope (or unit rope for cable-laid sling) is connected
back into itself by tucking the tails of the strands (or unit ropes) back through the
main body of the rope (or unit ropes), after forming the sling eye
Spreader beam or bar
(frame)
A spreader bar or frame is a structure designed to resist the compression forces
induced by angled slings, by altering the line of action of the force on a lift point
into a vertical plane. The structure shall also resist bending moments due to
geometry and tolerances.
Spud
A large metal post which penetrates the seabed under its own weight and is used
to prevent lateral movement of a barge. A dredge barge will typically have two
spuds in guides near its stern.
Staged voyage
A weather restricted voyage in which there is a commitment to seek shelter (or jack-
up at a stand-by location) on receipt of a weather forecast in excess of the
operational criteria. See [11.14.4.1].
Static Hook Load (SHL)
The weight plus the rigging weight (see [16.3.2]). This load is suspended by a crane
hook during lifting operations.
Strand
An assembly of wires wound together to create a strand. Wire rope consists of
multiple strands wound together. For example: 6x36 wire rope construction
indicates that the wire rope consists of 6 strands, each having 36 wires.
Structure
The object to be transported, lifted or installed, or a sub-assembly, component or
module.
Submerged Weight Weight of the Structure minus the weight of displaced water.
Suitability survey
A survey intended to assess the suitability of a tug, barge, vessel or other
equipment to perform its intended purpose. Different and distinct from an on-hire
survey.
Surge
Barge or vessel motion in the longitudinal direction OR
A change in water level caused by meteorological conditions
Survey
Attendance and inspection by a MWS company surveyor.
Other surveys which may be required for a marine operation, including suitability,
dimensional, structural, navigational and Class surveys.
Surveyor
The MWS company representative carrying out a ‘Survey’ or an employee of a
contractor or Classification Society performing, for instance, a suitability,
dimensional, structural, navigational or Class survey.
Sway Vessel motion in the transverse direction
System Pressure Test
A pressure test at a pressure normally at a 1.25 to 1.5 times the pipeline design
pressure (for rigid pipelines), which is made after installation operations are
substantially or wholly completed, to provide proof of pressure and strength
integrity of the pipeline and spools.
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Tandem tow
The operation of towing two or more tows in series with one tow wire from a single
tug, the second and subsequent tows being connected to the stern of the tow
ahead.
Tangent Point The point where the bend of a pipeline begins or ends.
Tensioner Equipment to keep and control tension in the product during installation operation.
Termination factor γ
A partial safety factor that accounts for the reduction in strength caused by a splice
or mechanical termination.
Tether
A tether is a mooring line used for pulling and mooring the installation /removal
vessel into the required position. It may also be the umbilical to an ROV or part of a
TLP’s mooring system.
Tidal range
Where practicable, the tidal range referred to in this document is the predicted
tidal range corrected by location-specific tide readings obtained for a period of not
less than one lunar cycle before the operation.
Tonnage
A measurement of a vessel in terms of the displacement of the volume of water in
which it floats, or alternatively, a measurement of the volume of the cargo carrying
spaces on the vessel. Tonnage measurements are principally used for freight and
other revenue based calculations. Tonnage Certificates remain valid indefinitely
unless significant structural changes are made.
Tonnes
Metric tonnes of 1,000 kg (approximately 2,204.6 lbs) are used throughout this
document. The necessary conversions shall be made for equipment rated in long
tons (2,240 lbs, approximately 1,016 kg) or short tons (2,000 lbs, approximately 907
kg).
Touch Down (TD)
Seabed location at which a submarine pipeline or cable touches down on the
seabed during installation, or a mooring line during operation.
Tow
The item being towed. This can be a barge or vessel (laden or un-laden) or an item
floating on its own buoyancy.
Towage
The operation of towing a non-propelled barge or vessel (whether laden or not,) or
other floating object (wet tow) by tug(s).
Towed bundle
A pipeline system comprising one or more pipelines, tubes or cables contained
within a carrier pipe, and fitted with towing and trailing heads. The bundle is usually
assembled on land and launched. The bundle may be towed off- bottom, on
surface, or at an intermediate controlled depth.
Tower (OWF)
The tubular element from the top of the flange on the foundation to the bottom of
the flange below the nacelle, generally built up of several sections.
Towing arrangements
The hardware from the towing winch to the towing connections plus the bridle
recovery and emergency towing equipment. (They do not normally include the
towing procedures.)
Towline connection
strength
Ultimate load capacity of towline connections, including connections to vessel,
bridle and bridle apex.
Towline Pull Required
(TPR)
The towline pull computed to hold the tow, or make a certain speed against a
defined weather condition.
Trailer
A system of steerable wheels, connected to a central spine beam by hydraulic
suspension which can be raised or lowered. Trailer modules can be connected
together and controlled as a single unit. Trailers generally have no integral
propulsion system, and are propelled by tractors or winches. See also SPMT.
Transition Piece A tubular structure on top of a monopile to provide support for the tower.
Transport The operation of transporting a cargo on a powered vessel.
Trunnion
A lift point consisting of a horizontal tubular cantilever, round which a sling or
grommet may be passed. An upending trunnion is used to rotate a structure from
horizontal to vertical, or vice versa, and the trunnion forms a bearing round which
the sling, grommet or another structure will rotate.
s
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Tug
The vessel performing a towage (including tug supply and anchor handling towing
vessels). Approval by the MWS company of the tug will normally include
consideration of the general design, classification, condition, towing equipment,
bunkers and other consumable supplies, emergency communication and salvage
equipment, and manning.
Tug efficiency (T or
T )
Effective bollard pull produced in the weather considered divided by the certified
continuous static bollard pull.
Tug Management
Positioning System
(TMPS)
A system installed on the AHV and the anchoring vessel to allow the accurate
placing of the tug and anchors.
Ultimate Limit State
(ULS)
The limit state related to the maximum load carrying capacity. Also see Limit State 1
and Limit State 2. (ULS)
Ultimate Load
Capacity (ULC)
Ultimate load capacity of a wire rope, chain or shackle or similar is the certified
minimum breaking load. The load factors allow for good quality splices in wire
rope.
Ultimate load capacity of a padeye, clench plate, delta plate or similar structure, is
defined as the load, which will cause general failure of the structure or its
connection into the barge or other structure.
Ultrasonic Testing (UT)
Detection of flaws or measurement of thickness by the use of ultrasonic pulse-
waves through steel or some other materials.
Umbilical
Typically a combination of cables and flexible pipes used to provide energy and/or
chemicals and remote control for equipment (e.g. subsea), or to provide
communications and life support for a diver
Under-Keel Clearance
(UKC)
The clearance below the keel or base of a vessel or structure, after allowances for
motions, and the seabed (or the host structure during mating operations)
Unit Rope
The rope from which a cable-laid sling or cable-laid grommet may be constructed,
made from either 6 or 8 strands around a steel core, as indicated in ISO 2408 and
7531, (/104/ and /105/) and IMCA, M 179, /81/
Variable Load
Weight added to the Lightship weight to obtain the total weight for a particular
towage or operation, including cargo, liquids and temporary equipment.
Vessel
A marine craft designed for the purpose of transporting by sea or construction
activities offshore. This can include ships and barges
Voyage
For the purposes of this standard, voyage covers both towages and transport from
one place to another.
Watertight
A watertight opening is an opening fitted with a closure designated by Class as
watertight, and maintained as such, or is fully blanked off so that no leakage can
occur when fully submerged.
Wear Factor, γ
A factor used in the design of slings and grommets used for lifting operations to
account for physical condition of the sling or grommet.
Weather restricted
operation
An operation for which (any of) the applied characteristic environmental conditions
are less than the characteristic environmental conditions calculated based on the
statistical extremes for the area and season. See also 2.6.7
Weather restricted
voyage
A voyage for which the strength or stability will not meet the weather unrestricted
environmental criteria (typically 10 year return). It can either be or staged (see
[11.14.4.1]) or weather-routed (see [11.14.4.4]) depending on the sea room and
shelter point availability.
Weather routed
voyage
A weather restricted voyage in which a weather forecasting organisation advises
the relevant captain on the best route to avoid weather exceeding the Operational
Limiting Criteria. (See [11.14.4.4]).
Weather routeing may also be used for non-weather restricted voyages to reduce
fuel costs or voyage time.
Weather unrestricted
operation
An operation for which (all of) the applied characteristic environmental conditions
are calculated based on the statistical extremes for the area and season. See also
2.6.62.6.5.
e
eff
w
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towage
Any towage which does not fall within the definition of a weather restricted towage,
or any towage of a MODU or similar which does not fall within the definition of a 24-
hour move or location move.
voyage
Any voyage which does not fall within the definition of a weather restricted voyage
Weather Window
A period that the forecasted environmental conditions are less than or equal to
OP (the Forecast Operation Criteria).
Weathertight
A weathertight opening is an opening closed so that it is able to resist any
significant leakage from one direction only, when temporarily immersed in green
water or fully submerged.
Weighing Contingency
Factor
A factor applied to the weighed weight of an object to account for uncertainties in
the weighing equipment.
Weight Contingency
Factor
A factor applied to the weight of an object, when an object is not to be weighed, to
account for uncertainties related to the design and fabrication of the object.
Wet towage The operation of transporting a floating object by towing it with a tug.
Wind Heeling Arm
(WHA)
Wind Heeling Moment divided by the displacement
Working Load Limit
(WLL)
The maximum static load which a piece of equipment is authorized to sustain in
general service when the rigging and connection arrangements are in accordance
with the design. See [1.1.12].
1.6 Acronyms, abbreviations and symbols
1.6.1
Underlined acronyms and abbreviations in Table 1-4 are defined in Table 1-3.
Table 1-4 Acronyms and abbreviations
Short Form In full
ABS American Bureau of Shipping
ADL Absolute minimum Deployable Length (of towline)
AHC Active Heave Compensation
AHV Anchor Handling Vessel
AISC American Institute of Steel Construction
ALARP As Low As Reasonably Practicable
ALS Accidental Limit State
AMS Anchor Management System
API American Petroleum Institute
ASD Allowable Stress Design (effectively the same as WSD)
ASOG Activity Specific Operations Guidelines (for DP – See [17.13.4.1 11))
ASPPR Arctic Shipping Pollution Prevention Regulations
ATA Automatic Thruster Assist
AUT Automatic Ultrasonic Testing
AWTI Above Water Tie-In
BAS Burial Assessment Survey
BBL Bridle Breaking Load
BHP Brake Horse Power
WF
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BP Bollard Pull
BPI Burial Protection Index
BSR Bend Strain Reliever
CAMO Critical Activity Mode of Operation (for DP – See [17.13.4.1 11))
CASPRR Canadian Arctic Shipping Pollution Prevention Regulations
CBP Continuous Bollard Pull
CDT Controlled Depth Tow
CGBL Calculated Grommet Breaking Load
CoB Centre of Buoyancy
CoG Centre of Gravity
COMOP Combined Operations
COSHH Control of Substances Hazardous to Health
CR Continuity Resistance
CRBL Calculated Rope Breaking Load
CSA Cross Sectional Area
CSBL Calculated Sling Breaking Load
CSV Construction Support Vessel
DAF Dynamic Amplification Factor
DMA Dead Man Anchor
DP Dynamic Positioning or Dynamically Positioned
DSU Deck Support Unit
DSV Diving Support Vessel
DTL Deployable Towline Length (see [11.13.4.3])
D Factor for ratio of mean to specified bolt pretension
ECA Engineering Criticality Assessment
EPC Engineering, Procurement and Construction
EPIRB Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon
ESD Emergency Shut Down
FAT Factory Acceptance Tests
FBE Fusion Bonded Epoxy
FEA Finite Element Analysis
FEED Front End Engineering Design
FGSO Floating Gas Storage and Offloading Vessel
FJC Field Joint Coating
FLNG Floating Liquefied Natural Gas
FLS Fatigue Limit State
FMEA Failure Modes and Effects
FMECA Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis
FOI Floating Offshore Installation
FoS Factor of Safety
FPS Floating Production System
u
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FPSO Floating Production, Storage and Offloading Vessel
FPU or FPV Floating Production Unit or Floating Production Vessel
FRSU Floating Storage Re-gasification Unit
F Sling or grommet design load
FSE Free Surface Effect
FSO Floating Storage and Offloading Vessel
FSU Floating Storage Unit (including FPSO, FSO, FLNG facility, FRSU etc.)
Gamma b, γ Bending Factor
Gamma c, γ Consequence Factor
Gamma f, γ Load Factor
Gamma m, γ Material Factor
Gamma r, γ Reduction Factor
Gamma s, γ Termination Factor
Gamma sf, γ Combined factors (Load, Consequence, Reduction, Wear, and Material and Twist)
Gamma w, γ Wear Factor
Gamma weight,
γ
Weight Contingency Factor (unweighed objects only)
GBS Gravity Base Structure (foundation)
GM Initial metacentric height
GMDSS Global Maritime Distress and Safety System
GN Guidance Note
GPS Global Positioning System
GZ Righting Arm
HAT Highest Astronomical Tide
HAZID Hazard Identification
HAZOP HAZards and OPerability study
HDD Horizontal Directional Drilling
h Factor for fillers in bolted connections
HIRA Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment
HPR Hydro-acoustic Positioning Reference
HSEQ Health, Safety, Environment and Quality
HTV
Heavy Transport Vessel. (not to be confused with HLV (Heavy Lift Vessel) which has heavy
lifting gear)
HVAC High Voltage Alternating Current
HVDC High Voltage Direct Current
IACS International Association of Classification Societies
ICPC International Cable Protection Committee
IMCA International Marine Contractors Association
IMDG Code International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code
IMO International Maritime Organization
IOPP Certificate International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate (see also MARPOL)
SD
b
c
f
m
r
s
sf
w
weight
f
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IR Insulation Resistance
ISM International Safety Management
ISO International Standards Organisation
ITP Inspection Test Plan
JSA Job Safety Analysis
k Hole clearance factor
LARS Launch And Recovery System
LAT Lowest Astronomical Tide
LBL Long Baseline Array
LCE Linear Cable Engine
LMU Leg Mating Unit
LOA Length Over All
LRFD Load and Resistance Factor Design
LS1 Limit State 1
LS2 Limit State 2
LSF Load-out Support Frame
MAOP Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure
MARPOL International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships 1973/78, as amended
MBL Minimum Breaking Load
MBR Minimum Bend Radius
MCR Maximum Continuous Rating
MDR Master Document Register
MLWS Mean Low Water Spring Tides
MoC
(procedure)
Management of Change (procedure)
MODU Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit
MOU Mobile Offshore Unit
MPI Magnetic Particle Inspection
MPME Most Probable Maximum Extreme
MRU Motion Reference Unit
MSL Mean Sea Level
MWS Marine Warranty Survey
n/a Not Applicable
NDT Non Destructive Testing
NMD Norwegian Maritime Directorate
N Number of slip planes for bolted connections
NTE (weight) Not To Exceed (weight)
OCIMF Oil Companies International Marine Forum
OD Outside Diameter
OP Operational limiting criteria
OP Forecasted operational criteria
s
s
LIM
WF
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OSS Out of Straightness Survey
OTDR Optical Time Domain Reflectometry
OWF Offshore Wind Farm
PHC Passive Heave Compensation
PIC Person In Charge
PLEM Pipeline End Manifold
PLET Pipeline End Termination
PNR Point of No Return
PRT Pipeline Recovery Tooling/Tool
PSA Petroleum Safety Authority Norway
QC Quality Control
QCFAT Quality Control Factory Acceptance Test
QRA Quantified Risk Analysis
QTF Quadratic Transfer Function
RAO Response Amplitude Operator
RCS Recognized Classification Society
ROV Remotely (Controlled) Operated Vehicle
RPL Route Planning List
RTBL Required Towline Breaking Load
SART Search and Rescue Radar Transponder
SCR Steel Catenary Riser
SE Shore End
SF Safety Factor
SHL Static Hook Load
SIMOPS Simultaneous Operations
SJA Safe Job Analysis
SKL Skew Load Factor
SLS Serviceability Limit State
SMC Safety Management Certificate
SMS Safety Management System
SMYS Specified Minimum Yield Stress
SOLAS International Convention for the Safety Of Life At Sea, /92/,
SOPEP Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan
SPMT Self-Propelled Modular Transporter
SSCV Semi-submersible crane vessel
SWL Safe Working Load
TA Thruster Assist
TAM Task Appropriate Mode
T Minimum fastener pretension for bolted connections
TBL Towline Breaking Load
T Contingency period
b
C
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TD Touch Down
TDR Time Domain Reflectometry
T or T Tug efficiency
TLP Tension Leg Platform
TMPS Tug Management Positioning System
TMS Tether Management System
T Peak period
T Planned operational Period (without contingencies, T )
TPR Towline Pull Required
T Operation Reference Period (including contingencies, T )
T Time to safely cease the operation
T Time between weather forecasts
T Zero-up crossing period for waves
UKC Under-Keel Clearance
UKCS United Kingdom Continental Shelf
ULC Ultimate Load Capacity
ULS Ultimate Limit State
UNCLOS United Nations Law of the Sea
USBL Ultra Short Baseline Array
UT Ultrasonic Testing
UTM Universal Transverse Mercator
UXO Unexploded Ordnance
VIV Vortex Induced Vibration
VLA Vertical Load Anchors
WF Weather Forecast
WHA Wind Heeling Arm
W Lower bound design weight
WLL Working Load Limit
WMO World Meteorological Organisation
WROV Work class Remotely Operated Vehicle
Wrt with respect to
WSD Working Stress Design (effectively the same as ASD)
WTG Wind Turbine Generator
W Upper bound design weight
SECTION 2 Planning and execution
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Scope
e eff
p
POP C
R C
safe
WF
z
ld
ud
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2.1.1.1
This Section includes the general requirements for planning, organization, execution and documentation of
marine operations.
2.1.2 Revision history
2.1.2.1
• DNV-OS-H101
• 0001/ND.
2.2 General project requirements
2.2.1 Project organisation
2.2.1.1
An appropriate Project organisation chart shall be set up, illustrating how the marine operations integrate with
the rest of the project.
2.2.1.2
All project interfaces between (key) contractors shall be clearly defined.
2.2.1.3
For organisation during the marine operation see [2.8].
2.2.2 Health, safety and environment
2.2.2.1
Personnel safety shall be duly considered throughout the marine operation(s). This subject shall be managed by
the client or his nominated contractor in accordance with local jurisdiction, as well as appropriate guidelines and
specifications regarding health, safety and the environment (HSE).
Guidance note:
By following the recommendations in this Standard it is assumed that the safety of personnel and an acceptable
working environment are ensured in general during the operations. However, specific personnel safety issues
are not covered.
---e-n-d---of---G-u-i-d-a-n-c-e---n-o-t-e---
2.2.3 Jurisdiction
2.2.3.1
Marine operations are subject to national and international regulations and standards on personnel safety and
protection of the environment. It should also be noted that a marine operation can involve more than one
nation’s area of jurisdiction, and that for barges and vessels the jurisdiction of the flag state will apply.
Documented relevant regulatory approval is a prerequisite to MWS approval.
2.2.3.2
If a part of the marine operations is to be carried out near other facilities or their surroundings any safety zone(s)
defined by the owner shall be duly considered.
2.2.4 Quality assurance and administrative procedures
2.2.4.1
A quality management system in accordance with the current version of ISO 9001, /106/, or equivalent should be
adopted by the designer(s) and installation contractor(s) and be in place.
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2.2.5 Technical procedures
2.2.5.1
Technical procedures shall be in place to control engineering related to the marine activities.
2.2.5.2
The technical procedures shall consider the planning and design process. For this process it is recommended
that the following sequence is adopted:
a. Identify relevant and applicable regulations, rules, company specifications, codes and standards, both
statutory and self-elected.
b. Identify physical limitations. This may involve pre-surveys of structures, local conditions and soil
parameters.
c. Plan the overall operation i.e. evaluate operational concepts, available equipment, limitations, economic
consequences, etc.
d. Describe/define unambiguously with adequate detailing the design basis and main assumptions, see
[2.2.7].
e. Carry out engineering and design analyses.
f. Develop operation procedures.
2.2.5.3
The procedures shall include sufficient information to ensure agreement and uniformity on all relevant matters
such as:
a. International and national standards and legislation
b. Certifying authority/regulatory body standards
c. Marine warranty survey company standards and guidelines
d. Project criteria
e. Design basis
f. Metocean criteria
g. Calculation procedures
h. Change management.
Guidance note:
It will also normally be applicable to include requirements to assure compliance, where relevant, with any
peer-reviewed best industry practice, e.g. IMCA, MTS, GOMO, NORSOK, etc.
2.2.6 New technology
2.2.6.1
Design and planning of marine operations shall as far as feasible be based on well proven principles, techniques,
systems and equipment.
2.2.6.2
If new technology or existing technology in a new environment is used, this technology should be documented
through an acceptable qualification process, e.g. in DNV-RP-A203, /45/.
2.2.7 Design basis and design brief
2.2.7.1
A design basis and/or a design brief shall be developed and provided for early acceptance in order to obtain a
common basis and understanding for all parties involved during design, engineering and verification.
2.2.7.2
The Design Basis should describe the basic input parameters, main assumptions, characteristic environmental
conditions, characteristic loads/load effects, load combinations and load cases, including those for the proposed
marine operations.
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2.2.7.3
The Design Brief(s) should describe the planned verification activities, analysis methods, software tools, input
specifications, acceptance criteria, etc.
2.3 Technical documentation
2.3.1 General
2.3.1.1
Fulfilment of all the requirements in this Standard applicable for the considered marine operation(s) shall be
properly documented. Guidance on required documentation is given throughout this Standard. However, it shall
always be thoroughly evaluated if additional documentation is required.
2.3.1.2
A document plan describing document hierarchy, issuance schedule and scope for each document should be
provided for major marine operations/projects.
Guidance note:
Normally this will be in the form of MDR(s) that are distributed for review/mark-up by involved parties including
the MWS Company.
2.3.1.3
A system/procedure ensuring that all required documentation is produced in due time and distributed
according to plan, should be implemented.
2.3.1.4
It shall be ensured that all the documentation pertaining to a specific marine operation has been accepted by
Authorities, Company, other Contractors and MWS, as relevant, before any operation starts.
2.3.2 Documentation required
2.3.2.1
The design basis shall be clearly documented, see [2.2.7].
2.3.2.2
Environmental conditions for the actual area shall be documented by reliable statistical data, see Sec.3.
2.3.2.3
The acceptability of the following shall be documented: the object, all equipment, temporary or permanent
structures, vessels, etc. involved in the operation. Recognized certificates (e.g. classification documents) are
normally acceptable as documentation if the basis for certification is clearly stated and complies with the
philosophy and intentions of this Standard.
Guidance note 1:
By basis for certification it is meant acceptance standard, basic assumptions, design loads, including dynamics,
limitations, etc. For items without certificates see [2.3.2.4].
Guidance note 2:
Note that all elements of the marine operation should be properly documented. This also includes onshore
facilities such as quays, bollards and foundations.
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2.3.2.4
Design calculations/analysis shall be documented by design reports and drawings.
2.3.2.5
The condition of all involved equipment, structures and vessels shall be documented as acceptable by means of
certificates and test, survey and NDT reports.
Guidance note:
For vessels, such documentation may be recent inspections to acceptable industry standards, e.g. OVID or
CMID, provided all relevant non-conformances are closed out. See also [2.11.2].
2.3.2.6
Operational aspects shall be documented in form of operation manuals and records.
2.3.2.7
Relevant qualifications of key personnel shall be documented.
2.3.2.8
Required 3 Party verification, e.g. to fulfil the warranty clause, shall be properly documented. See also [2.4.4].
2.3.3 Documentation quality and schedule
2.3.3.1
An integrated document numbering system for the entire project is suggested, including documents produced
by client, contractors, sub-contractors and vendors.
2.3.3.2
Documents relating to marine operations should be grouped into levels according to their status, for example:
a. Criteria and design basis documents
b. Procedures and operations manuals
c. Supporting documents, including engineering calculations, systems operating manuals and equipment
specifications and certificates.
2.3.3.3
The documentation shall demonstrate that philosophies, principles and requirements of this Standard are
complied with. This documentation shall be provided to the MWS Company.
Guidance note:
The operation and document type dictates the level of review by the MWS company. The following terms have
been used as an indication of the level of detail:
• Documented – An in-depth document that is subjected to a detailed review by the MWS company e.g.
analysis reports, procedures and operation manuals
• Submitted – A document that is provided to the MWS company in advance where the checking is limited
e.g. a certificate to confirm that piece of equipment has the required capacity. In some cases this could be
immediately prior to the operation but this may lead to delays if the documents are incorrect and/or
insufficient.
2.3.3.4
Documentation for marine operations shall be self-contained, or clearly refer to other relevant documents.
2.3.3.5
The quality and details of the documentation shall be such that it allows for independent reviews of plans,
procedures and calculations, for all parts of the operation.
rd
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2.3.3.6
All significant updates shall be clearly identified in revised documents.
2.3.3.7
The document schedule shall allow for the required (agreed) time for independent reviews.
Guidance note:
The time available for review should be at least 10 working days, and more for complex documents.
2.3.4 Input documentation
2.3.4.1
Applicable input documentation, such as;
• documents covering the aspects described in [2.2.5],
• relevant parts of contractual documents,
• concept descriptions,
• basic/FEED engineering results,
• environmental studies including weather window analysis for weather restricted operation.
should be identified before any detailed design work is performed.
2.3.5 Output documentation
2.3.5.1
Documentation shall be prepared to prove that all relevant design and operational requirements are fulfilled.
Typical output documentation is:
a. Planning documents including design briefs and basis, schedules, concept evaluations, general
arrangement drawings and specifications.
b. Design documentation including motion analysis, load analysis, global strength analysis, local design
strength calculations, stability and ballast calculations and structural drawings.
c. Operational manuals/procedures, see [2.3.7] and [2.9.5].
d. Operational records, see [2.3.8].
2.3.6 Availability of technical documentation
2.3.6.1
All relevant documentation shall be available and accessible on site or on board during execution of the
operation. In addition to the marine operations manual this should include the documents referenced therein.
2.3.6.2
The top level procedure document should define the On-Scene Commander in the event of an emergency
situation and the interfaces between the various parties involved.
2.3.6.3
Vessel and equipment certificates and NDT reports shall be submitted. See [B.1] and [B.2] for the information
that is typically required.
Guidance note:
In order to avoid possible delays due to unacceptable or incomplete documentation, it is recommended that
such documentation is submitted for review as soon as possible.
2.3.6.4
Procedure documents, intended to be used as an active tool during marine operations should include a section
which clearly shows their references to higher and lower level documents, and should list all inter-related
documents.
Guidance note:
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A document organogram is often helpful as shown in Figure 2-1.
Figure 2-1 Example of document organogram
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2.3.7 Marine operation manuals
2.3.7.1
An operational procedure shall be developed for the planned operation, and shall reflect characteristic
environmental conditions, physical limitations, design assumptions and tolerances.
Guidance note:
For complex operations it is recommended that a high level presentation of the marine operation is made
available as an animation or picture series. See also 2.8.3.
2.3.7.2
The operational procedures shall be described in a marine operation manual covering all aspects of the
operation and should include the following, as applicable:
a. reference documents
b. general arrangement
c. permissible load conditions
d. outline execution plan
e. organogram and lines of command
f. job-descriptions for key personnel
g. safety plan, see [2.3.7.5]
h. authorities and permits including notification and approval requirements
i. contractual approvals and hand over, see also [2.3.7.4]
j. environmental criteria, including design and operational criteria
k. weather (forecast) and current/wave reporting
l. operational bar chart, showing the anticipated duration of each activity, inter-related activities, key
decision points, hold points
m. specific step-by-step instructions (procedures/task plans) for each phase of the operation including
sequence, timing, resources and check lists
n. reference to related drawings and calculations, e.g. environmental loads, moorings, ballast, stability,
bollard pull
o. permissible draughts, trim, and heel and corresponding ballasting plan
p. how to handle any changes in the procedure during the operation, see also 2.2.5.3 h).
q. contingency and emergency plans
r. emergency preparedness bridging document
s. monitoring during the operation, see [2.9.5]
t. clearances and tolerances
u. systems and equipment including layout
v. systems and equipment operational instructions
w. vessels involved
x. tow routes and ports of refuge
y. navigation
z. safety equipment
aa. recording and reporting routines
ab. sample forms
ac. equipment operation history
ad. check lists for preparation and performance of the operation.
2.3.7.3
Operational limiting criteria for marine operations or parts thereof shall be clearly stated in the Manual.
2.3.7.4
The Manual shall describe the decision point for issuing the CoA from the MWS company. It may also be found
relevant to include (other) “gates” at which agreement from representatives of the principal parties involved
should be obtained before continuing to next stage of operation.
2.3.7.5
A safety plan shall be included in the operation manual. This plan consists of the safety rules that apply to
minimise the following risks encountered during each operation:
a. Risks inherent from the metocean conditions
b. Risks incurred by construction, transport, installation and commissioning activities
c. Risks to the environment
Page 36 of 543
17.01.2017

DNVGL_ST_N0001 FULL.pdf

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