Introduction of upcoming technology in manufacturing area. It contains the various processes used and application oriented case studies.

1. By-
Nikhil Dixit

2.  Introduction
 History
 Hype cycles
 Inputs
 3D Printer
 Various Techniques
 Applications
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Future scope
 Conclusion

3.  It is a process of making
three dimensional solid
objects of virtually any
shape from a digital model.
 It is a technique in which
successive layers of material
is laid down to achieve
desired complex shape.
 Since layers are “added” over
each other it is also known
as additive process.

4. Subtractive prototyping (stones)
Fabricative (leaves, Bamboo)
Formative (annealing)
Additive (layer by layer)

5. Stereo lithography ‘Charles Hull’ 1984
3D Printing ‘ MIT’ 1990
Z402, Z510 ‘ Z-Corp’ 1996-2005
Laser Sintering, 2008
First usable prosthetic leg , 2009

8.  Sketchup, CAD softwares ( .skp .stl .amf)
 Drawbacks
Colour, texture, Material, Geometry
 3D scanners
 Contact – Touch probe
 Passive- Motion
 Active-Triangulation

9.  Technique- FDM
 Material used- ABS/PLA
 Built Volume-120*120*120
 Calibration- Manual
 Input File-STL
 Weight-5 kg
 Power-180W
 Temperature-15-30 C
 Finest Layer thickness-0.2mm
 Print speed- 10-100cm^3 /hr

10. Selective Laser Sintering
Fused Deposition
Modelling
Stereolithography
Laminated Object
Manufacturing
Electron Beam Melting Multijet Modelling

11. LASER as power source
Sinter powdered material
Aiming automatically at
points in space
Binding Material Together
to create solid structure

12. Extrusion of
thermoplastic material
Nozzle (heat)
Hardening of material
layer by layer
Final Prototype on
platform *Introduced by S.Scott Crump, 1980
*Supports can be generated if
required.

13. Photopolymer resin
Ultraviolet laser beam
traces the c/s
Exposure solidifies and
resin joins adjacent layer
Platform goes down and
resin is added
Solid prototype is
formed
*Resin printing
*Charles Hull, 1986

14. Process
Parameter
Stereo-
lithography
Fused
deposition
method
Selective laser
sintering
Description UV laser scanning
vat polymerization
Extruded layers of
thermoplastic
Laser fusion in a
powder bed
Advantages Fine detail
Smooth surface
finish
High part
strength
Low cost
Strong
Complex parts,
Large build
volume
Parts can be
stacked in build
volume
Applications Medical/dental
products
Electronics casings
Investment casting
patterns
Art
Electronics
housing
Mounts
Custom consumer
products
Aerospace
hardware
Materials Epoxy polymers,
both rigid or
flexible
Plastics,
Elastomers,
Metal, Ceramics,
Glass
ABS, PC, concrete,
chocolate, icing
and other food

15. Applications
Medical
SocialIndustrial

16. Industrial
Mechanical Construction Aircraft Space Automobiles Electronics

17. Medical
Dental
Tissue
Engineering
Transplants

18. Social
Education Defense Sports
Art (fashion,
jewelry etc.)

19.  Customization or variety of products
 Increased productivity
 Less material wastage
 Accessibility
 Affordable pricing
 Improved life quality & welfare
 Eco friendly

20.  Limitation of size
 Limitation of materials
 Violation of copy rights.
 Harm authenticity
 Printing weapons
 Scan and frauds

21.  Printing large volumes economically
 Expanding the range of printable materials
 Reducing the cost of printable materials
 Using multiple materials in the same printer,
including those for printing electronics
 Printing very large objects
 Improving durability and quality

22.  3D printing is the ultimate just-in-time method of
manufacturing. No longer do you need a warehouse
full of inventory waiting for customers.
 With so many potential benefits of 3D printing, there‘s
no surprise that this method is making its way through
a diverse number of industries and quickly becoming a
favourite tool of progressive marketers.