Evidence for widespread hybridization between two closely related lionfishes
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Slides from my 2011 presentation at Evolution in Norman, OK.
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Evidence for widespread hybridization between two closely related lionfishes
- 1. Evidence for wide-spread hybridization between two closely related lionfish Christie Wilcox Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology Evolution 2011
- 7. Lionfishes: Subfamily Pteroinae • Unique lineage of Scorpaenidae • Phenotypic • Behavioral • 18 species in 5 genera • Native to Indo-Pacific • Commercially & ecologically important
- 8. Pterois miles & Pterois volitans Photo by jostimages.com Photo by Opera User Antonietta (Bennett, 1828) (Linnaeus, 1758) • Very similar morphologically • Considered synonyms until 1986
- 9. Meristic Differences Indian: Pterois miles Pacific: Pterois volitans Dorsal Fin Rays 10 11 Anal Fin Rays 6 7 Pectoral Fin Size Shorter Longer Spot Size Smaller Larger Geographic Range Africa – Indonesia Indonesia – W Pacific Schultz, 1986
- 10. Sister Species Kochzius, 2003 Freshwater 2009
- 11. Overlapping Native Ranges Pterois miles Pterois volitans Dorsal Fin Rays 10 11 Anal Fin Rays 6 7 Pectoral Fin Size Shorter Longer Spot Size Smaller Larger Geographic Range Africa – Indonesia Indonesia – W Pacific Schultz, 1986
- 12. Phylogenetic Investigations • Kochzius et al. 2003 – Cyt b & 16 S: monophyletic clades • Freshwater et al. 2009 – Cyt b: monophyletic clades ONLY mtDNA
- 13. Objective • Investigate the relationship between P. volitans and P. miles using mitochondrial and nuclear loci • Compare native & invasive range
- 14. Methods • Native: 34 P. miles, 38 P. volitans, 10 mixed meristics • PCR amplification – 1 mtDNA, 3 nDNA • Genetic Divergence (Arlequin) • Evolutionary Relationships (Network) Taiwan (n=4) Philippines (n=22) Africa (n=6) Indonesia (n=18)
- 15. Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Divergence mtDNA Length (bp) Pac-Ind Other Pteroinae COI 602 3.90% 12.0% - 15.5% around 2.5 mya separation Pterois miles Pterois miles Pterois miles Pterois miles Pterois miles 99 Pterois miles Indian (Pterois miles) lineage Pterois miles Pterois miles Pterois miles Pterois miles Pterois miles Pterois miles 99 Pterois miles Pterois miles PL0277 PL0275 PVAQ12 PVAQ13 PVAQ18 49 93 PVAQ22 PVAQ14 Pacific (Pterois volitans) lineage PVAQ16 PVAQ17 PVAQ23 PVAQ15 8 PVAQ20 PL0278 63 PL0276 Dendrochirus brachypterus 25 Dendrochirus zebra Brachypterois serrulata Pterois sphex 100 Pterois radiata Pterois antemnata Dendrochirus biocellatus Parapterois heterura AH0244 0.1
- 16. Mitochondrial DNA Cytochrome Oxidase I Indian (Pterois miles) lineage Pacific (Pterois volitans) lineage 20 mutations Phenotype: Pterois miles Pterois volitans Mixed Meristics
- 17. Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Divergence Other Pteroinae mtDNA Length (bp) Pac-Ind COI 602 3.90% 12.0% - 15.5% Does this same pattern occur in the nucleus?
- 18. Nuclear DNA S7 RP1 (2.47% divergence) 4174E20 (2.00% divergence) Indian (miles) lineage Pacific (volitans) lineage Indian (miles) lineage Pacific (volitans) lineage 8680E3 (0.37% divergence) Indian (miles) lineage Pacific (volitans) lineage Phenotype: Pterois miles Pterois volitans Mixed Meristics
- 19. Indian (P miles) lineage Pacific (P. volitans) lineage Dual (Hybrid) Lineage mtDNA nDNA ID # Phenotype COI S7 8680E3 4147E20 Aq12 P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans Aq13 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles P. miles Hybrid Aq14 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles P. miles P. miles Aq15 P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans Aq16 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles Hybrid Hybrid Aq17 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles Hybrid Hybrid Aq19 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles P. volitans Hybrid Aq20 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles P. miles P. miles Aq22 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles P. miles P. miles Aq24 P. miles P. miles P. miles Hybrid P. miles Aq25 P. miles P. miles P. miles Hybrid P. miles Aq 26 P. miles P. miles P. miles P. miles P. miles
- 20. Indian (P miles) lineage Pacific (P. volitans) lineage Dual (Hybrid) Lineage mtDNA nDNA Genotype: ID # Phenotype COI S7 8680E3 4147E20 Aq12 P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans Aq13 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles P. miles Hybrid Aq14 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles P. miles P. miles Aq15 P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans P. volitans Aq16 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles Hybrid Hybrid Aq17 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles Hybrid Hybrid Hybrid Aq19 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles P. volitans Hybrid Aq20 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles P. miles P. miles Aq22 P. volitans P. volitans P. miles P. miles P. miles P. miles Aq24 P. miles P. miles P. miles Hybrid P. volitans Aq25 P. miles P. miles P. miles Hybrid P. volitans Aq 26 P. miles P. miles P. miles P. miles P. miles
- 21. Genotype Spatial Distribution Taiwan N=4 Philippines Africa N = 22 Indonesia N=6 N=7 N = 18 N=3 Genotype: P. miles P. volitans Hybrid
- 22. Morphological Correlation? Dorsal Fin Rays Anal Fin Rays Genotype Genotype P miles P miles N = 17 9 N = 24 6 Hybrid 10 Hybrid 7 N = 27 11 N = 26 P volitans 12 P volitans N = 25 N = 18 0% 50% 100% 0% 50% 100% Fisher Exact Test, p <0.01 Fisher Exact Test, p <0.01
- 23. Native Range Summary • Shared haplotypes between species • Evidence of recombination • Geographic pattern of genotypes • Morphological correlation HYBRIDIZATION
- 24. Invasive Species Photo by Ken Jones.
- 25. Invasive Species One of the top 15 threats to global biodiversity Photo by Ken Jones. Sutherland et al., A horizon scan of global conservation issues for 2010, Trends Ecol. Evol. 25 (2010), pp. 1–7.
- 26. mtDNA Data Says… > 90% P. volitans ? < 10% P. miles Methods: 2 P. miles, 38 P. volitans, 17 mixed
- 27. ns lita Invasive… hybrids? vo P. as ed ID N = 57 Genotype: P miles Hybrid
- 29. Future Directions • Investigate hybridization – Compare native and invasive hybrids • Thorough geographic sampling • Population genetics
- 30. Thanks to… • Brian Bowen • Laurie Sorensen (UCLA) • D. Wilson Freshwater (UNC Chapel Hill) • Shannon Bennett, Becky Cann • ToBo Labmates
- 31. Questions? Ocean Invasion #9: Lionfish 1, Springbok 0 Daniel DeWitt Brown, Ph.D. © 2010