from this slide you can know about the enterotoxigenic ecoli

1. Enterotoxigenic E.Coli
 BY,
 V.NAVEEN SURYA.

2. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, or ETEC, is the name
given to a group of E. coli that produce special toxins which
stimulate the lining of the intestines causing them to secrete
excessive fluid, thus producing diarrhea

3.  Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (E. coli), or ETEC,
is an important cause of bacterial diarrheal illness.
Infection with ETEC is the leading cause of
travelers’ diarrhea and a major cause of diarrheal
disease in lower-income countries, especially
among children

4. What illness does ETEC Cause?
 Infection with ETEC can cause profuse watery diarrhea
and abdominal cramping. Fever, nausea with or
without vomiting, chills, loss of appetite, headache,
muscle aches and bloating can also occur but are less
common. Illness develops 1-3 days after exposure and
usually lasts 3-4 days. Some infections may take a week
or longer to resolve. Symptoms rarely last more than 3
weeks. Most patients recover with supportive measures
alone and do not require hospitalization or antibiotics.

5. How does someone become
infected with ETEC?
 infection occurs when a person eats food, or drinks
water or ice contaminated with ETEC bacteria. Human
or animal wastes (e.g., feces) are the ultimate source of
ETEC contamination.

6. How is infection with ETEC
diagnosed?
 In the laboratory, infection with ETEC is diagnosed
when the bacteria are cultured from samples of stool.
The techniques necessary to identify ETEC are not
widely available, and physicians may make the
diagnosis based on a patient’s history and symptoms.
If ETEC is suspected, the microbiology laboratory
evaluating a patient’s stool specimen should be
alerted.

7. How is infection with ETEC
treated?
 Clear liquids are recommended for persons with
diarrhea to prevent dehydration and loss of
electrolytes. For adults, packaged oral rehydration salts
or premixed oral rehydration solutions (both available
over-the-counter) may be used, although traditional
remedies with salty liquids such as chicken soup are
also effective. Bismuth subsalicylate compounds can
help reduce the number of bowel movements.

8.  Antibiotics can shorten the duration of diarrheal
illness and discomfort, especially if given early, but
they are usually not required. ETEC is frequently
resistant to common antibiotics, including
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ampicillin.
Because resistance to antibiotics is increasing
worldwide, the decision to use an antibiotic should be
carefully weighed against the severity of illness and the
risk of adverse reactions, such as rash, antibiotic-
associated colitis, and vaginal yeast infection.
Fluoroquinolones have been shown to be effective
therapy.

9. Prevention
 Practice good food and water safety.
 Prophylactic antibiotics are not recommended for most
travelers.
 Prophylaxis may be considered for pregnant women
and immunocompromised
 patients.

10. THANK YOU