LCD 105 - Class 2

1. The Structure
LCD 105 – Class 2 – Professor
Nathacia

2. Saussure
Langue vs. Parole
Language ≠ Speech

3. Saussure

4. Saussure
PHYSIOLOGICAL
PROCESS
PHYSICAL PROCESS
PSYCHOLOGICAL PROCESS

5. Saussure
PHYSIOLOGICAL
PROCESS
PHYSICAL PROCESS
PSYCHOLOGICAL PROCESS

6. Saussure
Sign
Sign
1
Sign
2

7. Hjelmslev
Sign
Tradition: sign is a symble for something;
representative. Content is exterior to the sign itself.
Ex: letters, numbers, words, expressions, icons,
gestures etc.
Modern Theory: sign is a whole thing composed by
Both expression and content.
Semiotic Function:
Sign (expression, content) = expression + content
Those terms are shapes, clips, of na undefined set
of sounds and of na undefined set of concepts
(amorf mass).

8. Saussure
Sign
Sign
1
Sign
2
Two important
postulates:
- Arbitrariness of sign
- Linguistic value

9. Videos: Denise Herzing- Could we
speak the language of dolphins

10. Videos: Talking Parrot

11. Videos: The House of Apes, by
Sara Gruen

12. (i) In what extent this language is diferente from animal
communication systems?
(Human) Language: three aspects
• Formal: Creativity; Generative (system designed to be fruitful)
• Biological: Genetics (FOXP2); language physiology (visual,
hearing, and vocal apparatuses, brain); expatation;
• Psychological: Recursion; complexity; memory.

13. (Human) Language: three aspects
(i)What are the characteristics of (human) language?
(ii) In what extent this language is different from animal communication
systems?
(iii) How is it acquired?
(iv) How did it appeared in History?
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