AMERICAN LANGUAGE HUB_Level2_Student'sBook_Answerkey.pdf
Organic farming
1.
2. Organic farming refers to ecologically-
based production systems used to produce
food and fiber.
Organic farming can be defined by the
proactive, ecological management strategies
that maintain and enhance soil fertility,
prevent soil erosion, promote and enhance
biological diversity, and minimize risk to
human and animal health and natural
resources.
3.
4. Drawbacks of green revolution:
Rapidely degrading soil fertility status
Increased cost of production
Increased environmental pollution
Health hazards
Thats why, we need organic farming.
5. Organic farming describe 2 major aspects of
alternative agriculture-
Substitution of organic manure & other material
for inorganic fertilizers
Biological pest & control instead of the
chemicals.
6. The study found that organic fruits and vegetables have
up to 50% more antioxidants, and more vitamins and
minerals, such as iron and zinc.
Other studies have shown that by eating organic foods,
people have a stronger immune system, less weight
problems, and better sleep.
•you're not ingesting deadly pesticides, poisons and
herbicides
•keeps pesticides out of streams and ground water
•better tasting, more flavor
•no residual antibiotics or growth hormones in organic
meat or milk
7. • no fillers are used to bulk up foods
• food is non-GMO (genetically modified organism)
• pure - no artificial colors, flavors, additives, preservatives,
sweeteners
• it is not processed
• supports local farms and farmers, and the local economy
• safer to eat for babies and children
• more healthy ,higher nutrition content, more vitamins,
minerals, essential fatty acids
• emotional benefits - feeling good about eating something
that is pure food, healthy for you, and tastes better than
processed food and you are helping the environment
• pesticides in foods have been linked to several diseases:
cancer, obesity and some birth defects.
8. Organic is fundamentally different from Conventional because of the use of
carbon based fertilizers compared with highly soluble synthetic based fertilizers
and biological pest control instead of synthetic pesticides, which proves organic
farming to be more beneficial.
9. Polluterivers, lakes and water sources.
Poor soil structure; easilyeroded
Dependencyon fertilizers to produce crop.
Pesticides enter thefood- healthproblems.
Chemicals destroy soil micro-organisms
Development of Pests and diseases resistance to artificial pesticides.
The numbers of natural enemies decrease becauseof pesticide use
and habitat loss.
11. The farmer would use a range of organic
methods at the same time to allow them to
work together for the maximum benefit.
These techniques aiming at:
Maintain and build good soil structure
and fertility
Control pests, diseases and weeds
Careful use of water resources
Good animal husbandry
12. Activities to maintain and build
good soil structure and fertility:
Recycled and composted crop wastes
and animal manures (organic fertilizers)
The right soil cultivation at the right time
Crop rotation
Green manures
Mulching on the soil surface and cover
crops.
13. Composting
Compost improves soil structure, allows more air
into the soil, improves drainage and reduces
erosion.
Compost improves soil fertility by adding
nutrients and by making it easier for plants to
take up the nutrients already in the soil.
It improves the soil’s ability to hold water thus
prevent drying out during drought.
14. Crop Rotations
The practice of growing a series of dissimilar
types of crops in the same area in sequential
seasons.
Mitigates the build-up of pathogens, weeds and
pests that often occurs when one species is
continuously cropped.
15. Green manures
In agriculture, green manure refers to crops
which have already been uprooted (and have
often already been stuffed under the soil). The
then dying plants are of a type of cover crop.
Increase and recycle plant nutrients and organic
matter
Improve soil fertility & soil structure
Improve the ability of the soil to hold water
Control soil erosion
16. Mulching
Covering the ground with a layer of loose material
such as straw, dry grass, leaves or crop residues.
Decreasing water loss due to evaporation
Suppressing weed growth
Preventing soil erosion
Add nutrients and improving soil structure
Adding organic matter to the soil
17.
18. Activities to control pests,
diseases and weeds:
Careful planning and crop choice
Good cultivation practice
Crop rotation
Encouraging useful predators that eat
pests
Increasing genetic diversity
Using natural pesticides, e.g. neem
19. The use of terracing and careful
irrigation-
decrease erosion and surface runoff
The addition of organic matter to
the soil to improve its ability to hold
water
The use of mulches to hold water in
the soil by stopping the soil surface
from drying out.
Careful use of water:
20. The term can refer to the practice of selectively
breeding and raising livestock to promote
desirable traits in animals for utility, sport,
pleasure, or research
Animals should not be kept in confined spaces
where they cannot carry out their natural
behavior such as standing and moving around in
an inadequate amount of space.
Breeds should be chosen to suit local needs and
local conditions and resources.
Animal husbandry:
