Water Profile In Pakistan

3. ENGLISH PRESENTATION
NAME :- NADEEM HUSSAIN
CLASS :- BS(BA-1)
SECTION:- B
GROUP :- 5th

4. WATER PROFILE IN PAKISTAN
INTODUCTION:-
Pakistan owns only two big reservoirs and about 1500
small reservoirs, these two large reservoirs have the water storing capacity
of 14 MAF of water, which is very low as compare to the dams of China and
India,
Tarbela and Mangla are constructed between 1960s and 70s after no another mega
reservoir were constructed,
In 1989 a project `Kala-bagh dam` was launched but due to some political issues it was
not constructed.
In the present era Pakistan have the storage of water for 120 days

5. SOURCES OF WATER IN PAKISTAN:-
Pakistan`s water comes from different sources
including rain fall, melting of glaciers under-ground water and rivers. The surface
water resources of Pakistan mainly consist of flows of the Indus River and its
tributaries, which bring in about 138 million acre feet (MAF) of water annually. The
Indus River alone provides 65% of the total river flows, while the share of Jhelum
and Chenab is 17 and 19% respectively.

6. Percentage of available pure water.
Water crisis is lack of access of safe or pure water for human being consumption. As a normal human
needs 1500 – 1800 m`3 of water for his consumption annually. If the availability for water for
consumption any other purpose for an individual comes down to the base line of 100m, this situation
is called water deficiency.
At the time of independence per capita water availability was 5270 m`3 and now it is 1017m`3 per person,
the reason behind this is the detrition of water resources and population growth. Water crises already
causing harm in urban as well in rural regions of Pakistan, almost most all of our cities are facing lack
of drinking ground water and the situation in rural areas is more worse as more and more areas
undergoes barrenness due to water unavailability. Pollution on wet land and issue of water login and
salinity is another face of water crises.
The sum of water storing capacity of all small and two major dams is only 7% of the total water availability
in Pakistan, the base are filled with silt, sand and clay.
Pakistan needs about 70 million dollars to refurbish these dams.
The availability of total ground is 174 MAF and remaining water joins the Arabian sea, in this way, water
of worth 70 billion dollars is wasted annually,

7. USE OF WATER IN AGRICULTURE SECTOR
Pakistan is not only facing the lack of dams but also small infrastructure for water catchments
and harvesting, by constructing harvesting areas we will be able to store 1.9 MAF water.
Water specially farm water that is also known as agricultural water, is water committed for
use in the production of food and fiber. On average, 80 percent of the fresh water
withdrawn from rivers and groundwater is used to produce food and other agricultural
products. Farm water may include water used in the irrigation of crops or the watering of
livestock.

8. WATER IN PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY
Water is involved at many points in the process of producing electricity, like in power
plants, called thermoelectric or thermal plants, boil water to produce steam for
generating electricity. But in Pakistan the water is mainly use in hydel projects in
which water is use to spin the turbine in order to generate electricity.

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