Capsules are solid dosage forms where the drug is enclosed within a hard or soft shell, typically made of gelatin. They provide rapid release of their contents once ingested. There are two main types - hard gelatin capsules which contain dry powders, granules or pellets and are filled using auger, dosator or dosing disc methods, and soft gelatin capsules which have a continuous gelatin shell surrounding a liquid inner core formed in a single operation. Capsules offer advantages like taste masking, easy swallowing and suitability for clinical trials but have disadvantages like higher cost and not being suitable for highly soluble compounds.
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Capsules ppt
1. CAPSULES
• solid dosage form
• the drug is enclosed within either a hard or soft shell
shell is typically made of gelatin
• primarily intended for oral delivery
• provide a rapid release of contents
2. Gelatin
protein, prepared from hydrolysis of collagen (animal
bones and skin)
type A : pI = 7-9, pig skin
type B : pI = 5, animal bones
possesses 4 essential properties
• stable when dry
• subject to microbial degradation when moist
• Digested
• absorbed
19. Hard Gelatin Capsules
Advantages
tasteless and odorless
swallowing is easy
flexibility in formulating
uniquely suitable for blinded clinical trials
useful for extemporaneous compounding by pharmacist
Disadvantages
tend to be more expensive to produce than tablets
not suitable for highly soluble salts
20. Soft Gelatin Capsules (Softgels)
• consist of a continuous gelatin shell surrounding a
liquid core
• formed, filled, and sealed in one operation
• shells are softened by addition of glycerin or
polyhydric alcohol (ex. sorbitol)
• oblong, spherical, elliptical in shape
23. Soft Capsules
ADVANTAGES
may contain liquids, suspensions, pastes
rapid release of contents
useful for drugs prone to oxidation
DISADVANTAGES
have a greater tendency to adhere to each other
more expensive
increased possibility of interactions between drug and shell