India has temples which used to be centers of wealth, culture, arts and Education of ancient India

1. Management styles of India-
Temple Management ©
Presentation by
Rajasekhar Polapragada- A.M.I.Ch.E
Managing director – m/s Economic Engineering Excellence L.L.P.
© copy Right . Source : from the forth coming book Titled “ Successful Management styles of India “

2. Management vs Leadership styles
• India was a Leading world Economy till 14th Century and
successful management styles are plenty.
• Unique circumstances shaped Indian subcontinent into extreme situations where
Some great Leaders had to adopt and improve Prevalent styles and some
introduced new Unique management styles.
• Management and Leadership styles are dealt differently though many
management gurus accepted one is Synonymous with other,
• As The canvass is vast and story is intrigue.
I Believe, understanding India,
is equivale to understanding the world.
Temple Management is one Unique
management style of India
© copy Right . Source : from the forth coming book Titled “
Successful Management styles of India “
© ABCD of Leadership

3. Temple Management -
uniqueness of Indian Temples
© ABCD of Leadership
© copy Right . Source : from the forth coming book Titled “
Successful Management styles of India “
• Temples are sources of wealth in India form ages
which attracted foreign invaders.
• Temples are also centres of Arts, science and
Technology .
• Let us first try to understand how Temples are different
from Mosques and Churches ?
• How temple management effected Indian
Management styles and vice versa.?
• Let us see Origin, Ownership, Administration And
finally Accountability of Management.

4. Unique features of Temple Management style
© ABCD of Leadership
© copy Right . Source : from the forth coming book Titled “
Successful Management styles of India “
• In spite of being different ownership, Temple management
have some common features.
• NO visible management
• No single chain of command.
• Ad-hockism
• Culture / Tradition
• No Accountability , full responsibility !
• Communication / Freedom
• Centres of Arts and Science.
• Voluntary contribution

5. Temple Management - Origin and Ownership
© ABCD of Leadership
© copy Right . Source : from the forth coming book Titled “
Successful Management styles of India “
• Temples did not exist in Krita yuga or enlightened age. Temples are built in Treta
yuga or during the time of SriRam ( pl refer Indian Leqadership styles)
• In the beginning , there was Shiva worship and shivlingas were installed by
individuals as SriRam also installed shivlinga in Rameshwaram.
• Later on, Vishnu Worship started when Kings built the temples and so was
administration with them.
• Other temples also had committees of Dharma kartas ( Trustees)
• Latest , govt. took over many temples and the richest Tirupati temple in Andhra
Pradesh state is operated by state govt. so are many.
• Uniqueness of Indian Temples is all management styles or
ownerships continue even today.

6. Temple Management - Trusteeship
© ABCD of Leadership
© copy Right . Source : from the forth coming book Titled “
Successful Management styles of India “
• Unlike Mosques and Churches, Trustees for temple are formed
either on hereditary or by election or selection.
• Some temples are established by Kings and they continue to be Trustees
Eg. Ananta padmanabha Swamy temple in Kerala.
• Some are taken over by govt. Eg. The famous Tirupati Balaj temple.
• Some are run by Trust eg. Dwaraka and Vishnodevi temple
• Some are run by Archakas eg. Chidambaram and Kedarnath.
• Some are run by public fund and management Eg. Somanath Temple
• And many more or run quasi govt. quasi priest cum Trustees and many more are run
as monopolies, personal property , with confidentiality and no public knowledge of
funds diversion.

7. Temple Management – Acceptable
• Best part is No work and no responsibility for visitors.
• Acceptable to all as per Indian Tradition
• you can visit Temple of your choice
• Not compulsory except following sanctity.
© copy Right . Source : from the forth coming book Titled “
Successful Management styles of India “

8. © ABCD of Leadership
© copy Right . Source : from the forth coming book Titled “
Successful Management styles of India “
• Many temples in North India have
no or Nil resources due to muslim invasion.
Hence infrastructure, cleanliness and administration is affected.
SO also many companies in India are sick and non competitive.
• Some temples in South are very rich and they have Administration,
which are doing very well,
• so are many IT companies in Bangalore
who are competing with best in India.
TEMPLE MANAGEMENT –
Resources - Administration

9. © ABCD of Leadership
© copy Right . Source : from the forth coming book Titled “
Successful Management styles of India “
Jo hota hai manjure Khuda hota hai.
( All happens as per God’s will )
• This has both positive and Negative impact on working.
• No body can be blamed for what happened.
• Hence people are willing to participate, suggest, help, decide,
determine and contribute. Ideal for group activity.
• However, Accountability is hard to fix .
• Few criticise Temple management ( SACRED )
• Hence Acceptance of decisions IS HIGHEST IN TEMPLE.
TEMPLE MANAGEMENT –
Fatalism and Acceptance

10. © ABCD of Leadership
© copy Right . Source : from the forth coming book Titled “
Successful Management styles of India “
Originally temples are financed by kings. After foreign
invasion, many temple lost their treasures.
Presently, If pilgrims do not Patronise,
temple slowly decays and there are many temple in India
which are in ruins or very poor financial condition.
But Management or ownership CAN not change. A
comparison is drawn to Indian companies as management
does not change, even if the company becomes sick.
Recently bankruptcy is allowed in India companies.
Thus a company can be closed, unlike Temples.
TEMPLE MANAGEMENT –
financial viability

11. Temple Management Uniqueness -
Multi chain of command ( MCC)
• This is one common thing in India Management .
• Single chain of command is prevalent in
many small and even large enterprises,
• But few public domains are dotted with MCC
( Multi Chain of Command)
Eg. Indian Traffic and Indian Temples
• Enforcing discipline is difficult as communication
to masses is poor leading to stampedes.
© copy Right . Source : from the forth coming book Titled “
Successful Management styles of India “

12. Temple Management – why Acceptable ?
• Indian tradition is not to question, but to obey.
• Mostly free and no compulsory contributions.
• Many charitable acts like poor feeding are associated with it.
• Resources are not the concern of general public
• No accountability
• Can participate if interested( voluntary work)
• No responsibility
• Engagement and entertainment as
many temples are centres of arts.
© copy Right . Source : from the forth coming book Titled “
Successful Management styles of India “

13. Temple Management – Lessons
Strengths :
• Indian tradition suits Temple management .
• It is a top down management where all can also participate.
• Acceptability
• Weakness :
• Multi hierarchy
• Poor Communication
• Discipline
© copy Right . Source : from the forth coming book Titled “
Successful Management styles of India “

14. Temple Management tools adopted in Indian
management
• Keep some aspects of management common so that all employees
feel ownership eg. Social functions , festivals, charity and even
arranging cricket and sports events etc.
• Maintain Inner democracy or Durbar , similar to Town Hall
Meetings.
• Separate some activities for profit and some for
social activities. Thus productivity is lost to
celebrations but unity and comradeship is achieved.
It is part of Employee engagement.
© copy Right . Source : from the forth coming book Titled “
Successful Management styles of India “