Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a condition defined as a systolic pressure over 140 mm Hg or a diastolic pressure over 90 mm Hg. It has four stages from normal to stage 2 hypertension. Common symptoms include shortness of breath, dizziness, nausea, and headaches. Causes can be from increased cardiac output, smoking, obesity, alcohol, stress, lack of exercise, or too much salt. Treatment ranges from lifestyle changes to various medications depending on the stage of hypertension.

1. Hypertension

2. What is Hypertension?
•Hyper – excess
•Tension – stress
•An elevated blood pressure of systolic
pressure more than 140 mm of Hg and
diastolic pressure of more than 90 mm of Hg

3. Stages of Hypertension
Stages
• Normal
• Pre-hypertension
• Stage 1 hypertension
• Stage 2 hypertension
Systolic / Diastolic
120/80
129/89
159/99
>160/ >100

4. Symptoms
1. Shortness of breath
2. Dizziness
3. Nausea
4. Fatigue
5. Blurred vision
6. Headache

5. Causes
1. Increased Cardiac output (excessive heart work)
2. Smoking
3. Obesity
4. Alcohol consumption
5. Stress
6. Lack of physical activities
7. Too much salt usage

6. When do you need to see a doctor?
• In pre-hypertension , less usage of salt , quit smoking and
regular exercise is required
• In stage 1 , medication therapy is required
• In stage 2, must be admitted to the hospital immediately

7. Medication
• Alpha blockers
• Beta blockers
• Central sympathetic blockers
• Vasodilators
• Calcium channel blockers
• Diuretics
• ACE Inhibitors
• ARBs