PPT about laser

1. LASER

2. WHAT IS LASER ??
🧠A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated
emission of electromagnetic radiation.
🧠The term “laser” stands for “light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation”.

3. WHAT’S THE HISTORY OF LASER?
👉The first laser was built in 1960 by Theodore H. Maiman at Hughes
Laboratories, based on theoretical work by Charles Hard Townes and Arthur
Leonard Schawlow.

4. LASER FUNDAMENTAL
Lasers are distinguished from other light sources by their coherence.
👉Spatial Coherence: It is typically expressed through the output being a
narrow beam, which is diffraction-limited.
👉 Temporal(or longitudinal) Coherence: It implies a polarized wave at a single
frequency whose phase is correlated over a relatively great distance (the
coherence length) along the beam.

5. LASER FUNDAMENTAL PICTURE

6. WHAT ARE THE APPLICATIONS OF LASER?
⭐️Many useful inventions use lasers. Some of which are as follows:
✨CD and DVD players use lasers.
✨Bar code readers in stores use lasers.
✨Lasers carry TV and telephone signals over special cables.

7. APPLICATIONS OF LASER (CONTD..)
👉Doctors use lasers to do delicate surgery, such as eye surgery.
👉Metal workers use lasers to cut and weld metal intoeverything from street
light poles to cars.
👉Workers in clothing factories use lasers to cut through hundreds of layers of
fabric at once.

8. LASER LIGHTS
🌝Lasers are a special form of light.
🌝Laser light does not exist in nature.
🌝Only human technology can create laser light.

9. HOW LASER LIGHT IS DIFFERENT FROM ORDINARY
LIGHT
🧠First, the light from a laser contains exactly one color or wavelength rather than a lot of
different wavelengths. Scientists say that laser light is “monochromatic,” meaning of one color.
🧠Second, all the wavelengths are in phase. That is, they are
all “waving” together. All the wave crests (high points) and troughs (low points) are lined up.
Scientists say the laser light is “coherent.”

10. HOW LASER LIGHT IS DIFFERENT FROM ORDINARY
LIGHT (CONTD..)
And third, while light waves from ordinary sources (such as flashlights, light
bulbs, or the Sun) spread out in all directions laser light waves all travel in the
same direction, exactly parallel to one another. This means that laser light
beams are very narrow and can be concentrated on one tiny spot. Scientists say
the laser light is “collimated.”

11. HOW LASER LIGHT IS DIFFERENT FROM ORDINARY
LIGHT (CONTD..)
⭐️Because the laser light is monochromatic, coherent, and collimated, all of its energy is focused
to produce a small point of intense power.
⭐️This focused power makes it possible to control laser light very precisely and make it do all
kinds of useful things.

12. TYPES OF LASER HAZARDS
Eye: An acute exposure to eye to lasers of certain wavelengths and power can cause corneal or
retinal burns (or both). Chronic exposure to excessive levels may cause corneal opacities
(cataracts) or retinal injury.
Skin: An acute exposure to high levels of optical radiation
may cause skin burns.

13. TYPES OF LASER HAZARDS (CONTD..)
Chemicals: Some lasers requires hazardous or toxicsubstances to operate. (Eg:
chemical dye).
Electrical: Most lasers utilize high voltage that can be dangerous.
Fire: The solvents used in dye lasers are flammable. High voltage
pulse or flash lamps may cause ignition. Flammablematerials may be ignited by
direct beams.

14. LASER HAZARDS CLASSES
Lasers are usually labeled with a safety class number, which identifies how dangerous the laser is:
Class 1 is inherently safe, usually because the light is
contained in an enclosure, for example in CD players.
Class 2 is safe during normal use; the blink reflex of the eye will prevent damage. For example laser
pointers.
Class 3A lasers usually involve a small risk of eye damage. Staring into such a beam for several
seconds is likely to cause damage to a spot on the retina.

15. LAZER HAZARD CLASSES (CONTD..)
Class 3B can cause immediate eye damage upon exposure.
Class 4 lasers can burn skin, and in some cases, even scattered light can cause
eye and/or skin damage. Many industrial and scientific lasers are in this class.

16. WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF LASER ?
✨The laser can be used as a precise cutting tool.
✨Lasers also allow the clinician to reduce the amount of bacteria and other pathogens in the
surgical field and in the cavity preparation.
✨Lasers used for dentistry takes shorter procedure times.

17. WHAT ARE THE DISADVANTAGES OF LASER?
👉Laser have high power consumption. Laser can be expensive.
👉In laser, rate of production depends on the material.
👉 Poorly adjusted lasers can cause burning.

18. CONCLUSION
🧠Lasers can produce a concentrated, powerful beam of light and generate associated hazards.
🧠Lasers are device which amplify light and produce beams oflight which are very intense, directional
and pure in color.
🧠Lasers can be used for many applications, helped people develop in many things in our daily life.
🧠However, safety precautions should include all the control measures.
🧠We made an application on behaviorism theory.