F110 executes vendor payments in SAP by using information from vendor invoices, the vendor master, and a configuration maintained in transaction code FBZP. F110 produces a payment advice document sent to the vendor and a payment file sent to the bank. The payment advice contains payment details like invoice numbers, amounts, and payment numbers. The payment file contains company and bank account details, payment amounts and currencies, and vendor bank account details to enable the bank to deposit funds in the vendor's account. FBZP configuration specifies settings for F110 like payment method, bank details, and file formats to ensure accurate execution of payments.