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- 1. TEXT AS CONNECTED DISCOURSE LEARNING COMPETENCY: Describes a written text as connected discourse EN11/12RWS-IIIA-1 RWS PPT 02 Last updated: 2ND Sem, 2017- 2018
- 3. The structure underwent a process before it was finished
- 4. Writing an essay is similar to constructing a building
- 5. Paragraphs are the building blocks of essays
- 6. This lesson will teach you how to write effective paragraphs by: ■Defining paragraphs ■Differentiating their parts
- 8. A PARAGRAPH is a group of sentences that deals with one particular idea
- 9. ■Paragraphs are defined by the point that they support, the CONTROLLING IDEA, not just by how long they are.
- 10. FUNDAMENTAL RULE IN WRITING PARAGRAPHS: ■Only one idea should be discussed per paragraph
- 11. IDENTIFYING THE PARTS OF A PARAGRAPH: The Topic Sentence
- 12. ■A topic sentence tells the reader the main idea of your paragraph. ■It reveals what you generally plan to propose, argue, or explain.
- 13. The topic sentence can be found anywhere in the paragraph: ■ In the beginning ■ At the end ■ Or in the middle
- 14. ■It is usually a good practice to include the topic sentence near the start of the paragraph so your readers have an idea of what you are talking about early on.
- 15. ■ A topic sentence can be EXPLICIT, or clearly states the ideas that will be elaborated on in the paragraph. ■ However, a topic sentence can also be IMPLIED if there is a clear controlling idea of what the paragraph is about.
- 16. Called the jeep, it was small in stature, easy to operate, hardy and compact, practical. Its capacity for carrying any kind of cargo- animal, vegetable, or mineral- in just about any shape or size, just as you could cram it all in, was practically limitless. In the early days of the Liberation, we wide-eyed children starved for gum and Hershey bars would watch uniformed soldiers gallivant all over town in these jeeps loaded with GI goodies, like tinned K-rations, cigarettes, duffel bags bulging with beer cans, and sometimes women. In time the American servicemen disappeared, but the jeep remained.
- 17. ■ Also, a good topic sentence reveals your attitude toward the subject. ■ It is helpful to include details like facts and examples that turn the topic sentence into something more specific and concrete.
- 18. IDENTIFYING THE PARTS OF A PARAGRAPH: Supporting Details
- 19. Every paragraph needs supporting details to elaborate on the topic sentence. These supporting details may range from facts, examples, or instances. Good supporting details expound on the main idea and act as adequate support; they are specific and stem from the general idea established by the topic sentence. How much detail you should include in a paragraph depends on your purpose and the topic sentence.
- 20. Topic sentence at the beginning: “Since the earliest history of mankind, religion and medicine have been intertwined. In some cultures, the priest and the medicine man were one and the same person. Praying for and over the sick is one of the oldest religious practices in the world. The Bible gives us many passages about the interaction between medicine and religion…” Spirituality and Medicine Dean Rolando Lopez, M.D.
- 21. Topic sentence at the end: It cooks cheaply and briskly. It is lightweight and fits any kitchen décor. It does not emit smoke or odor. Though it looks much like most of the other old fashion ovens, it does not sit on a stove not use fire to function. While it also uses electricity like the old electric ovens, its secret is the design to produce electromagnetic waves to agitate the molecules of liquid in the food being cooked. This modern invention, the microwave oven, cooks in an unconventional way.
- 22. Activity 1 ½ sheet of paper ■ Write a paragraph ■ Using analogy, for example: – Writing a paragraph is like building a great structure like the Great Pyramids of Egypt, the Great Wall of China, and the Rice Terraces of Banaue. – Explain the comparison
- 23. THAT’S ALL FOR TODAY Any questions/clarifications?
Editor's Notes
- PRESENTING THE NEW LESSON
- ESTABLISHING A PURPOSE FOR THE LESSON Identify the pictures. What can you say about how they were built? How many people were involved? How many resources were used? How much effort was put in? All we see is the finished product. But as you see, these structures began with a brick or stone that eventually became a beautiful building.
- Bricks into a wall– wall into a taller structure What do you think are the building blocks of essays?
- DISCUSSING NEW CONCEPTS
- They basically function in order to introduce a new idea, develop an old one, compare and contrast information, or provide readers with a pause.
- What do you think is the controlling idea in this paragraph? What can you say about the writer’s attitude toward the subject?
- DEVELOPING MASTERY Notice how the writer clearly expanded his paragraph with details related to the first sentence, effectively developing the topic of his discussion? In the logical organization, this is what we call--- from the generalization to the particular details
- The writer gives us many reasons why this kind of oven cooks in an unconventional way before he announces that that is what he intends to say at the end of his discussion. In the logical order of organization--- from the particular details to the generalization at the end.