The document describes 4 atypical antipsychotic drugs - Cariprazine, Clozapine, Lurasidone, and Olanzapine. It provides information on the mechanism of action, classification, potential adverse effects and toxicity, recommended dosing, and brand names for each drug. The drugs have varying mechanisms of action involving dopamine and serotonin receptor antagonism and agonism, and can cause side effects like drowsiness, weight gain, increased blood sugar and lipids, and in rare cases neuroleptic malignant syndrome or pancreatitis.

1. Antipsychotics
Cariprazine, Clozapine, Lurasidone &
Olanzapine

2. Mechanism of
Action
Classification Adverse
Effects
Toxicity Dose Brand Name
acts as a partial
agonist at the
dopamine (DA)
D2 and D3
receptors and
serotonin 5-
HT1A receptors,
and as an
antagonist at
the 5-HT2B
receptors.
Atypical
antipsychotics
drowsiness,
blurred vision,
convulsions, or
to have trouble
with thinking or
controlling body
movements
orthostasis and
sedation
Oral
Adult: Initially,
1.5 mg once
daily, increase
slowly in 1.5 mg
daily
increments.
Max: 6 mg daily
if needed.
Vraylar
CARIPRAZINE

3. Mechanism of
Action
Classification Adverse
Effects
Toxicity Dose Brand Name
involves the
blocking of 5-
HT2A/5-HT2C
serotonin
receptors and
the D1-4
dopamine
receptors, with
the highest
affinity for the
D4 dopamine
receptor.
atypical
antipsychotic
used for
treatment-
resistant
schizophrenia
Cardiac
disorders:
Tachycardia.
Eye disorders:
Visual
disturbance.
Gastrointestinal
disorders:
Constipation,
nausea, vomiting,
dyspepsia.
Nervous system
disorders:
Dizziness,
insomnia, vertigo,
headache.
Vascular
disorders:
Hypertension.
Agranulocytosis
Diabetes
hypercholesterole
mia
weight gain
Adult: 12.5 mg 1-
2 times on day 1,
followed by 25 mg
1-2 times on day
2. Thereafter, may
increase dose in
increments of 25-
50 mg daily within
14-21 days up to
300 mg daily in
divided doses.
Leponex
CLOZAPINE

4. Mechanism of
Action
Classification Adverse
Effects
Toxicity Dose Brand Name
Blockade of 5-
HT2A
receptors >
blockade of
D2 receptors
Atypical
antipsychotics
drooling/trouble
swallowing
• interrupted
breathing during
sleep.
Rarely, this
medication may
cause
face/muscle
twitching and
uncontrollable
movements
(tardive
dyskinesia).
drowsiness,
fast heartbeat,
fainting, and
dizziness.
Adults: The
recommended
starting dose of
LATUDA is 40
mg once daily.
Latuda
LURASIDONE

5. Mechanism of
Action
Classification Adverse
Effects
Toxicity Dose Brand Name
acts as a partial
agonist at the
dopamine (DA)
D2 and D3
receptors and
serotonin 5-
HT1A receptors,
and as an
antagonist at
the 5-HT2B
receptors.
Atypical
antipsychotics
Somnolence,
hyperprolactinae
mia, increased
appetite,
dizziness, fatigue,
elevated plasma
glucose, oedema,
orthostatic
hypotension,
constipation
Potentially Fatal:
Neuroleptic
malignant
syndrome,
pancreatitis,
stroke, transient
ischaemic attack
diabetes
hypercholestero
lemia
(Intramuscular)
Acute agitation in
patients with
schizophrenia,
Mania
Adult: Initially, 5-10
mg followed by 5-10
mg as required 2 hr
later. Max: 20
mg/day
(Oral)
Schizophrenia
Adult: Initially, 10
mg daily as a single
dose. Adjust dose
according to
response at intervals
of not less than 24 hr
w/in the range of 5-
20 mg daily.
Zyprexa
OLANZAPINE

6. Thank
you