Horti - 9 ( Hazardous Substances)

3. HAZARDOUS
SUBSTANCES
can be any substance, whether solid, liquid
or gas, that may cause harm to your
health…One of these substances are
chemicals.
Chemicals on the farm can be dangerous.
Common agricultural chemicals
(agrichemicals) include fuels, solvents,
insecticides, herbicides, fungicides,
fertilizers and veterinary chemicals.
Farmers need to take care when storing,
transporting, using and disposing of
chemicals to ensure their own safety; their
neighbors’ safety and that of the
environment.

4. HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
•ANY CHEMICAL/SUBSTANCE SHOULD BE TREATED WITH EXTREME CAUTION AND ONLY
EVER USED ACCORDING TO THE INSTRUCTIONS. VAPORS OR DIRECT EXPOSURE CAN
LEAD TO A VARIETY OF ACUTE (SHORT-TERM) AND CHRONIC (LONG-TERM) HEALTH
EFFECTS. HEALTH EFFECTS CAN INCLUDE HEADACHE, POISONING, BURNS, BIRTH
DEFECTS, NERVOUS SYSTEM DISORDERS AND SOME CANCERS.
•WORKING IN FARM USING MACHINERIES TO PERFORM LARGE SCALE AND HEAVY
LABOR, IT CANNOT BE AVOIDED THAT AT TIMES, SPILLS COULD HAPPEN SUCH AS FUEL,
GREASE AND OIL SPILLS. SO HOW DO WE DEAL WITH SPILLAGE ON OUR FARMS AND
OTHER LANDFORMS AND BODIES OF WATER, SINCE THESE CHEMICALS ARE VOLATILE,
HIGHLY FLAMMABLE AND EXTREMELY DIFFICULT TO CLEAN?

5. FUEL

7. GREASE

8. GREASE
• IS A SOLID OR SEMISOLID LUBRICANT FORMED
AS A DISPERSION OF THICKENING
• GREASE GENERALLY CONSISTS OF A SOAP
EMULSIFIED WITH MINERAL OR VEGETABLE OIL.
... GREASES ARE APPLIED TO MECHANISMS
THAT CAN BE LUBRICATED ONLY INFREQUENTLY
AND WHERE A LUBRICATING OIL WOULD NOT
STAY IN POSITION.

9. OIL

10. OIL
•IS A PETROLEUM, ALSO KNOWN AS
CRUDE OIL AND OIL, IS A NATURALLY
OCCURRING, YELLOWISH-BLACK
LIQUID FOUND IN GEOLOGICAL
FORMATIONS BENEATH THE EARTH'S
SURFACE. IT IS COMMONLY REFINED
INTO VARIOUS TYPES OF FUELS.

12. 1. BERMS AND TRENCHES
•SPILLS ON LAND CAN BE CONTAINED
FOR RECOVERY BY BUILDING
BERMS OR DIKES IN THE PATH OF
THE OIL FLOW, USING EITHER SOIL
FROM THE AREA, SAND BAGS, OR
OTHER CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS.

14. 3. IN-SITU BURNING
•IN-SITU BURNING, OR ISB, IS A
TECHNIQUE SOMETIMES USED BY
PEOPLE RESPONDING TO AN OIL SPILL.
•IN-SITU BURNING INVOLVES THE
CONTROLLED BURNING OF OIL THAT
HAS SPILLED FROM A VESSEL OR A
FACILITY, AT THE LOCATION OF THE
SPILL.

15. 4. MANUAL RECOVERY
• MANUAL RECOVERY IS THE MOST COMMON
METHOD OF SHORELINE CLEANUP AND
INVOLVES TEAMS OF WORKERS USING
RAKES, SHOVELS, AND OTHER TOOLS TO
REMOVE OIL AND DEBRIS.
• THE OILED MATERIALS ARE COLLECTED IN
BUCKETS AND DRUMS FOR TRANSFER TO A
PROCESSING STATION.

16. 5. MONITORING
• OIL POLLUTION PRODUCED BY NATURAL OR HUMAN
CAUSES IS OF GREAT IMPORTANCE TO BOTH THE
ENVIRONMENT AND THE ECONOMY, AND IT IS A SUBJECT OF
INCREASING PUBLIC CONCERN. MONITORING SPILLS WITH
SAR IS VERY HELPFUL. SAR (SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR)
SEEMS TO BE ONE OF THE MOST EFFECTIVE INSTRUMENTS
FOR THE DETECTION OF SLICKS SINCE SLICKS DAMP
STRONGLY SHORT WAVES MEASURED BY SAR AND OIL
SPILLS APPEAR AS A DARK PATCH ON THE SAR IMAGE.

17. 6. SORBENTS
• SORBENTS ARE INSOLUBLE MATERIALS OR
MIXTURES OF MATERIALS USED TO
RECOVER LIQUIDS THROUGH THE
MECHANISM OF ABSORPTION, OR
ADSORPTION, OR BOTH.
• ABSORBENTS ARE MATERIALS THAT PICK
UP AND RETAIN LIQUID DISTRIBUTED
THROUGHOUT ITS MOLECULAR
STRUCTURE CAUSING THE SOLID TO SWELL
(50 PERCENT OR MORE).

18. 7. WILDLIFE CLEANUP

20. ACTIVITY
•SUPPOSE YOUR TRACTOR’S
CRUDE OIL LEAKS, AND THE
DIRECTION OF THE LEAK IS GOING
TOWARDS YOUR CROPS, WHAT
CLEANUP TECHNIQUE ARE YOU
GOING TO EMPLOY AND WHY?