3. DEFINITION
Benign prostatic hyperplasia Is an
enlargement of prostate gland That
eventually cause problems with urination.
.It is Resulting from Increase in the number
of epithelial cells and stromal tissue.
4. INCIDENCE
50% of men having evidence of BPH
by age of 50 years
75% by age of 80 years
5. ETIOLOGY
Although the cause of BPH is not completely
understood,it is thought that BPH results from
hormonal changes associated with aging process
The possible causative factors are-
Excessive accumulation of dihydrotestosterone
Increased proportion of estrogen in blood
6. RISK FACTORS:
Aging
Obesity
Lack of physical activity
Alcohol consumption
Erectile dysfunction
Smoking
Diabetes
Family history of BPH
7. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Etiological factors -> Decreased testosterone
conversion by 5 alpha reductase -> Increased
Dihydrotestosteron-> Prostate gland Hyperplasia-
>Hypertrophy in smooth muscle ->Increased tissue
Constricting in lumen->Urinary Obstructions
8. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS:
Symptoms can be divided into two groups:
1. Irritative symptoms
Nocturia
Urinary frequency
Dysuria
Bladder pain
Incontinence associated with infection
9. 2. Obstructive Symptoms :
Decrease in the caliber and force of the urinary
stream
Difficulty in initiating voiding
Intermittency and dribbling at the end of urination
15. NURSING MANEGMENT-
Nurse is the most directly with the care of
Prostate having surgical intervention,the
focus on nursing manegment on pre
oparative and post oparative care.
16. Nursing Assessment
Subjective Data :
1. Important Health Information:
Medications: estrogen or testosterone supplementation
Surgery or other treatments:Previous treatment of BPH
2. Functional Health Patterns:
Health perception-health manegment:knowledge of the condition
Nutritional-metabolic – voluntary fluid restriction
Elimination- urinary urgency,urinary retention,incontinence
Sleep- Nocturia
Cognitive perceptual- Dysuria,bladder discomfort,sensation of incomplete voiding
17. OBJECTIVE DATA:
General: older adult male
Urinary: Distended bladder on palpation,smooth,firm,elastic
enlargement of prostate on rectal examination
Possible Diagnostic Findings:
• Enlarged prostate on ultrasonography
• Residual with post voiding catheterization
• Increased serum creatinine levels of renal involvement
18. Nursing Diagnosis:
Acute pain related to bladder distention
Urinary incontinence related to bladder obstruction
Nutritional deficiency less than body requirements
related to less intake of food
Insomnia related to hospitalization
Anxiety related to disease condition
Risk for secondary infection related to indwelling
catheterization
19. PLANNING:
The overall preoperative goals for the patient having
invasive procedure are to have
Restoration of urinary drainage
Treatment of any UTI
Understanding of upcoming procedure,implications for
sexual function and urinary control
The overall postoperative goals are to have:
No complications
Restoration of urinary control
Complete bladder emptying
20. NURSING IMPLEMENTATION:
Health Promotion
Acute intervention
1. Preoperative care
2. Postoperative care
Ambulatory And Home care
