Human population explosion | Causes, Effects & solutions || by Mamoona Ghaffar

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3. Population Explosion Definitions
Introduction
Formula
Example Of Population Explosion In Pakistan
 Image Of Population Growth ( Causes & Consequences)
Reasons
Causes
Effects
Impact On Environment
 Control Measures
1. Social Measures
2. Economic Measures
3. Other Measures
Image Of Consequences
THE END Mamoona

4. POPULATION
EXPLOSION
Population explosion
literally means a sudden or
large increase in the size of a
population.
Population explosion
refers to the sudden & rapid
rise in the size of population.
A drastic growth in
population beyond normal
limits is called population
explosion.
Mamoona
Definitions:

5. The literal meaning of population explosion is a “
pyramiding of numbers of a biological population ” .
In simple words, it can be defined as increase in birth
rates and decrease in death rates.
Demography: is the study of human population
and things affect them such as births, deaths, income.
The human population is not increasing at a uniform
rate in all parts of the world.

6.  The population change is calculated by the
formula:
Population change = (Births + Immigration) -
(Deaths + Emigration )
 Its boon for a developed country .
 But its curse for developing country.
Formula:

7.  The population of Pakistan is 32.5
million at the time of independence in
1947.
 It has now increased to around 150-160
million people in a year 2000.
 About 20 year ago human population
was increasing at the rate of 2% a year
and was doubling every 35 years, thus
increasing demand for food space &
other resources.
EXAMPLE OF POPULATION EXPLOSION
IN PAKISTAN
Mamoona

8. Image by: Mamoona Ghaffar

9. REASONS FOR THE HUMAN
POPULATION EXPLOSION
1. Causes of disease recognized
2. Improvements in nutrition
3. Discovery of antibiotics
4. Improvements in medicine
5. Increase in number of women who actually
reach child– bearing age
6. Short doubling times in some countries
7. Increased food production
8. Sanitation

10. 1.Accelerating birth rate
Due to lack of awareness about the positive
impact of using birth control method, there
has been a steady growth in birth rate .
2. Decrease in infant mortality rate:
Improvement science and technology and
wide usage of drugs has reduce the infant
mortality rate.
3. Increase immigration:
It happens when a large number arrive at
an already populated place with intention to
reside permanently.
CAUSES OF POPULATION EXPLOSION

11. 1. Over
population:
It is a condition
where population
surges to a level
that the earth
cannot
accommodate
comfortably and
poses a threat to
the environment
2. Poor Health:
When there is
high population
growth people do
not get adequate
food & nutrition.
Then they may
suffer from poor
health.
3.unemployment:
In developing
countries like
Pakistan with a
backward economy
& little scope for
fruitful employment
millions of people
find no work to do.
4. illiteracy:
Population
explosion is the
key reason for
illiteracy .
Because of
illiteracy people
are not caring
the
environment.
EFFECTS OF POPULATION
EXPLOSION

12. HOW POPULATION EXPLOSION
EFFECT THE ENVIRONMENT
Overview:
More population means more mouths to eat food which
requires more agricultural production.
More cultivable land has been made available by clearing
forests & by reclaiming wet lands & ponds.
Advanced agriculture requires utilization of more water,
more fertilizers & more pesticides.
It demands more space to construct houses & availability
of more consumer goods.
It also requires more means of transport, more
consumption of fossil fuels & more pollution of land, air &
water.
Thus growth of population leads to pollution of land, water
& air..

13. IMPACT OF
POPULATION
EXPLOSION ON
ENVIRONMENT
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14. 1.Generation of waste:
Due to destructive activities
man has dumped more and
more waste in environment.
As the man-made waste is not
transformed so it causes
degradation & the capacity of
environment to absorb more
waste is reduced.
Further, waste leads to air &
water pollution.
Mamoona

15. 2. Urbanization:
Rapid growth of
population has led to
urbanization which
has adversely affected
environment.
Due to population
pressure, natural
resources in the cities
are depleted at a fast
rate. Mamoona

16. As the population grows, more and
more forests are cleared.
The 2 most common reasons for
deforestations are to make houses
for increased number of people to
live in, & to use wood as a fuel in
the industries.
As a result the trees that help us in
reducing the air pollution through
the process of photosynthesis are
not able to do so any more.
3. Air pollution:
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17. Water is considered the
essence of life.
The increasing population
calls for the increasing
number of factories.
These factories led to various
kinds of pollution, including
water pollution.
Pakistan being an agrarian
country, the water pollution
also comes from pesticides
used for agriculture.
4.Water pollution:
Mamoona

18. 5. Deforestation:
Forests have moderate influence against floods
& thus they protect us from the soil erosion.
Forests also play an important role in enhancing
the quality of environment by influencing the
ecological balance & life support system.
Continuing deforestation has brought major
ecological & socio-economic crisis.
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19. 6. Depletion Of Ozone Layer
The ozone layer has been gradually
ruined by the effect of CFCs.
Other chemicals such as, Bromine,
Halocarbons, Nitrous oxides from
fertilizers, Nitrogen oxides &
Methane may also attack the ozone
layer.
The concentration of CFCs has been
increased as the human population
has grown & the thickness of ozone
layer has been lesser to the extent
that a hole has been formed.
Antarctica was an early victim.

20. 7. Extinction of species
More than 1.1 Billion people
live in areas that
conservationists considers the
richest in non-human species 7
most threatened by the human
activities.
Modern agricultural practices
destroyed the precious micro
ecosystem that take centuries to
form & support all life on land.

21. 8. Land / soil Degradation:
The demand for food, energy & other
human requirements depends upon
the preservation & improvement of
the productivity of land.
Intensive faming and excessive use of
fertilizers & pesticides have led to
over exploitation of land & water
resources.
These have led to land degradation in
the form of soil erosion, water logging
& salinization.
Mamoona

22. 9. Industrialization:
Under-developed countries
are following the policy of
heavy industrialization which
is causing environmental
degradation.
The establishment of such
industries as fertilizers, iron
& steel, chemicals &
refineries have led to land, air
& water pollution.
Mamoona

23. 10.Transport Development:
The automobiles release huge
quantities of poisonous gases
such as carbon monoxide,
nitrogen oxides &
hydrocarbons.
The development of ports &
harbors have led to oil spills
from ships adversely affecting
fisheries, coral reefs,
mangroves & landscapes.

24. 11. Climate change
Climate changes are irregular due
to green house gases.
Urban people are still being
exposed to un accepted levels of
toxic pollutants.
Further, forests are still being
degraded by acid deposition
generated by faraway industries,
and greenhouse gases continue to
accumulate in the atmosphere.
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25. Other
measures
Economic
measures
Social
measures
MEASURES TO CONTROL
POPULATION EXPLOSION
Mamoona

26. Social Measures
1) Rising the status of women
2) Spread of education
3) Minimum age of marriage
4) Change in social outlook
5) Social security
6) Adoption
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27. Economic Measures
1) More employment opportunities
2) Development of agriculture &
industry
3) Standard of living
4) Urbanization
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28. Other measures
1)Late marriage
2)Self control
3)Family planning
4)Recreational facilities
5)Publicity
6)Incentives
7)Employment to women
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29. Image by: Mamoona

30. REFERENCE
 https://slideplayer.com/slide/16164092/
 https://www.slideshare.net/Mustheenak/population-explosion-73346964
 https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/essay/effects-of-population-growth-on-our-
environment/39624
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o9kLYdVAz0c
 https://www.thebalancesmb.com/how-overpopulation-impacts-the-environment-
4172964
 https://www.economicsdiscussion.net/essays/measures-to-control-population-
of-india/2249