A pulse oximeter is a small clip-like device that attaches to the body, usually a finger, to measure blood oxygen saturation levels and pulse rate. It works by passing infrared light through the body part and detecting how much light is absorbed by oxygenated versus deoxygenated hemoglobin. Healthy oxygen saturation levels range from 94-99%. The pulse oximeter is a non-invasive and inexpensive way to detect hypoxemia earlier than visual signs. It operates by analyzing infrared light absorption of blood vessels throughout the pulse cycle.

1. MEASUREMENT OF BLOOD
OXYGEN SATURATION
WITH A PULSE OXIMETER
PRESENTATION BY:
NAME : MALIK MEHROSE MOHIUDDIN
CONTACT NO. : +917889740332
E-MAIL: IAMMEHROSE@GMAIL.COM

2. PULSE OXIMETER
• The pulse oximeter is a small, clip-like
device that attaches to a body part, like
toes or an earlobe.
• It’s most commonly put on a finger, and
it’s often used in a critical care setting
like emergency rooms or hospitals.

3. BLOOD OXYGEN SATURATION
• Oxygen saturation is the fraction of oxygen-
saturated hemoglobin relative to total hemoglobin
(unsaturated + saturated) in the blood.
• When using a pulse oximeter, healthy numbers
fall in the 94% to 99% range. Anything lower
than 90% indicates a problem with your blood
oxygen levels.
• The levels of saturation are affected by a variety
of agents including the amount of oxygen in the
air around you and nutrient deficiencies.

4. MEASURES AND DISPLAYS
O2 saturation of Haemoglobin
Pulse Rate
Indicates Perfusion
Pulsate Flow

5. PRINCIPLES OF PULSE OXIMETERY
OPERATION
• PRINCIPLE 1
• Infrared absorption by oxygenated and deoxygenated haemoglobin
at 2 different wavelengths.
• PRINCIPLE 2
• The success of pulse oximetry depends upon its ability to measure
the saturation of the arterial blood by analysis of infrared
absorption of vascular bed throughout the whole pulsatile pulse
cycle.

6. BENEFITS OF USING PULSE OXIMETER
• non invasive
• cheap to buy and use
• can be very compact
• detects hypoxemia earlier than you
using your eyes to see cyanosis.

7. PROCEDURE STEPS
• The pulse oximetry process is as follows:
• Most commonly, a clip-like device will be placed on your finger, earlobe, or toe. You
may feel a small amount of pressure, but there is no pain or pinching. In some cases,
a small probe may be placed on your finger or forehead with a sticky adhesive. You
may be asked to remove your fingernail polish if it’s being attached to a finger.
• You’ll keep the probe on for as long as needed to monitor your pulse and oxygen
saturation. When monitoring physical activity capabilities, this will be during the extent
of the exercise and during the recovery period. During surgery, the probe will be
attached beforehand and removed once you’re awake and no longer under
supervision. Sometimes, it will only be used to take a single reading very quickly.
• Once the test is over, the clip or probe will be removed.

8. PRECAUTIONS
• Check battery capacity always when the system is used in the portable mode .
• Apply the sensor in a manner that allows the light source (light- emitting diodes) to be directly
opposite the light detector (photodetector) to determine a pulse oximetry value properly.
• Gently position the sensor so that it does not cause restriction to arterial flow or venous return
because the pulse oximeter is unable to distinguish between true arterial pulsations and fluid
waves .
• Never place the sensor on an extremity that has decreased or absent sensation .
• Allow 30 seconds for self-testing procedures and for detection and analysis of waveforms
before value are displayed .
• Wash hands to reduce transmission of microorganisms to other patients.

9. PRESENTATION BY:
NAME : MALIK MEHROSE MOHIUDDIN
CONTACT NO. : +917889740332
E-MAIL: IAMMEHROSE@GMAIL.COM