1. Outline
Programming language
Types of programming languages
Procedural oriented programming language (POP)
Object oriented programming language (OOP)
Difference between POP and OOP
2. Programming Language
Artificial language
Designed to communicate instructions to a machine
Used to create programs that control the behavior of a machine
3. Types of Programming Language
Low Level programming language
◦ Machine language
◦ Assembly language
High level programming language
◦ Procedural oriented programming language (POP)
◦ Object oriented programming language (OOP)
4. Types of Programming Language Cont..
Machine language :
◦ Directly run on CPU
◦ Series of bits like 0’s and 1’s
◦ Tedious and error prone to write code manually
◦ Not portable
Assembly language :
◦ Less error prone
◦ Coding easier than machine language
◦ Replaces 0’s and 1’s with english instructions
◦ Mnemonic codes for corresponding machine language
◦ Example :
◦ MOV A1, AA
5. Procedural oriented programming
language (POP)
In POP programs are divided into smaller modules.
In POP a program is written as a sequence of procedures or functions.
Each procedure contains a series of instructions for performing a specific task.
During the program execution each procedure can be called by the other procedures.
The major emphasis of these languages is on the procedures and not on the data.
POP language allow the data to move freely around the program.
Top down program design approach is used by POP.
Example :
C,COBOL, FORTAN, ALGOL, BASIC etc.
6. Drawbacks of POP
It emphasis on doing things. Data is given a second class status even through data is the reason
for the existence of the program.
Since every function has complete access to the global variables, the new programmer can
corrupt the data accidentally by creating function.
Similarly, if new data is to be added, all the function needed to be modified to access the data.
It is often difficult to design because the components function and data structure do not model
the real world.
7. Object Oriented Programming Language (OOP)
OOP divides a problem into a number of entities called objects and then build data and
functions around these objects.
It is designed to remove some drawbacks of POP.
OOP treats data as important element in the program development and does not allow it to
flow freely around the program.
OOP ties data and functions together and protects it from accidental modification from outside
functions.
In OOP data is hidden and can not be accessed by external functions.
In OOP objects communicates with each other through functions.
OOP emphasis is on data rather than procedure.
OOP follows bottom up programming approach.
8. Difference between POP and OOP
Sl POP OOP
1 In POP programs are divided into smaller programs called
procedures.
In OOP program is divided into
smaller entities called objects.
2 It follows top down program design approach. It follows bottom up approach.
3 Importance given to algorithm rather than data. Importance given to data rather
than algorithm.
4 Data move openly around the system. Data can not move openly around
the system. Data hiding is used in
OOP.
5 Does not model real world problem very well. It models real world problem.
6 Suitable for creating medium size projects. Suitable for creating large size
projects.
7 In POP complexity of the program is very high. Program complexity is less.
8 It does not have any proper way for hiding data. So it is less
secure.
Its provide data hiding. So
provides more security.
9 It has lesser feature than OOP. It has more features than POP.