Kiln Manual Delphi_Inglese.PDF

kiln dryers controller DELPHI – r.22
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BEFORE STARTING...................................................................................... 8
How to use this manual.......................................................................................... 8
Intended use............................................................................................................ 8
Safety instructions.................................................................................................. 8
Battery ...................................................................................................................11
How to easily insert/remove the battery (Panel version) ......................................11
How to easily insert/remove the battery (Desktop version)................................. 13
Using the menus................................................................................................... 15
Contrast setting ...................................................................................................... 15
LED lamps .............................................................................................................. 15
Locking the keyboard ............................................................................................ 15
INSTALLING DELPHI .................................................................................. 16
Parts listing ............................................................................................................. 16
Installation tips....................................................................................................... 16
Connections............................................................................................................. 17
DELPHI CPU (LG28) – LG39............................................................................. 17
Dip-switch settings............................................................................................... 18
Inputs / Outputs description ................................................................................. 19
Relays connection example.................................................................................. 22
LG25 Probe amplifiers ......................................................................................... 23
LG30 probes amplifiers........................................................................................ 25
LG35 Probe amplifiers ......................................................................................... 26
Connecting several LG25/LG30 amplifiers on Kiln Bus..................................... 30
Connecting several LG35 amplifiers on Kiln Bus ............................................... 32
Network connection ............................................................................................. 34
PC connection for controller software upgrade.................................................... 35
CONFIGURING DELPHI............................................................................. 35
Menu → Service → Preferences............................................................................ 35
Close flaps if temp. falls....................................................................................... 35
Sprayers - Flaps enabling temperature................................................................. 36
High temp. alarm delay ........................................................................................ 36
EMC alarm delay.................................................................................................. 36
Save measures every: ........................................................................................... 36
Cooling phase mode............................................................................................. 36
EMC compensation.............................................................................................. 36
Timber MC / EMC / Temperature calculation mode............................................ 37
High temperature alarm threshold........................................................................ 37

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EMC alarm threshold ........................................................................................... 37
Phase timer mode ................................................................................................. 37
Variation EMC/hour ............................................................................................. 38
Flaps On/Off activation threshold ........................................................................ 38
Flaps at end of cycle............................................................................................. 38
MC compensation................................................................................................. 38
Menu → Service→ Installation............................................................................. 38
EMC/Temp probes................................................................................................ 38
Flaps driving mode............................................................................................... 39
Flaps opening time ............................................................................................... 39
Flaps activation delay........................................................................................... 39
Heat. valve driving mode ..................................................................................... 39
Heat. valve opening time...................................................................................... 40
Heat. valve activation delay ................................................................................. 40
Spray management mode ..................................................................................... 40
Spray valve activation delay................................................................................. 40
Fans driving mode................................................................................................ 40
Fans inversion....................................................................................................... 41
Condensation based kiln....................................................................................... 41
Maximum allowed temperature............................................................................ 41
Compressor activation delay ................................................................................ 42
Heat Treatment mode (HT) .................................................................................. 42
EMC and TMC measures filter ............................................................................ 42
Extraction fan ....................................................................................................... 42
Minimum number of HT probes........................................................................... 43
Minimum temp. for HT cycle............................................................................... 43
Heating pump management.................................................................................. 43
Exhaust fan threshold ........................................................................................... 43
Dehumidifier threshold......................................................................................... 44
Analog output mode ............................................................................................. 44
Sprayers max. percentage..................................................................................... 44
Additional I/O....................................................................................................... 44
Menu → Service→ Communication..................................................................... 44
Serial address........................................................................................................ 45
Baud rate............................................................................................................... 45
Menu → Service→ Maintenance .......................................................................... 45
Menu → Service→ Diagnostic .............................................................................. 45
Menu → Service→ Save preferences.................................................................... 45
Menu → Service→ Load preferences................................................................... 46

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Menu → Service→ Software back-up .................................................................. 46
DELPHI OVERVIEW..................................................................................... 46
Power on.................................................................................................................. 46
Main screen............................................................................................................. 46
A) Status bar......................................................................................................... 47
B) Measures area.................................................................................................. 47
C) Output status area – Manual commands.......................................................... 48
D) Information area – start, stop, phase selection............................................... 48
E) Menu bar.......................................................................................................... 49
DRYING USING DELPHI............................................................................ 49
1) Preliminary operations...................................................................................... 49
2) Timber probes positioning ................................................................................ 50
3) Probes selection.................................................................................................. 52
4) Setting the drying cycle ..................................................................................... 53
4.1) Setting by iButton ......................................................................................... 53
4.2) Recalling a program from memory............................................................... 54
4.3) Manual setting............................................................................................... 54
Menu → Drying cycle → Generic data................................................................ 54
Heating speed............................................................................................... 54
Timber group:............................................................................................... 55
Inversion interval: ........................................................................................ 55
Menu → Drying → Phases definition.................................................................. 55
Phases parameters – page 1.......................................................................... 55
ID number ................................................................................................ 55
Climate..................................................................................................... 55
Condition.................................................................................................. 56
Fans speed................................................................................................ 56
Phases parameters – page 2.......................................................................... 56
Outputs..................................................................................................... 56
Alarms...................................................................................................... 57
HT ............................................................................................................ 57
Cell climate regulation................................................................................. 58
4.4) Final moisture setting.................................................................................... 58
HEAT TREATMENT (HT) ........................................................................... 58
Timber core temperature visualization................................................................ 59
Probe verifying / calibration procedure............................................................... 59
Probes positioning .................................................................................................. 60

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Verifying the cycle setting...................................................................................... 61
ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS....................................................................... 61
Menu → Energy saving ......................................................................................... 61
Menu → Energy saving → Mode......................................................................... 62
Menu → Energy saving → Fans .......................................................................... 62
Menu → Energy saving → Heater ....................................................................... 62
Menu → Controller options................................................................................... 62
Menu → Controller options → Display contrast................................................. 63
Menu → Controller options → Display backlight mode .................................... 63
Menu → Controller options → Backlight timeout.............................................. 63
Menu → Controller options → Day….minutes ................................................... 63
Menu → Measures ................................................................................................. 63
Menu → Alarms ..................................................................................................... 64
Menu → Erase history buffers.............................................................................. 64
ALARMS AND FAULTS MANAGEMENT.......................................... 64
Temperature and EMC alarms............................................................................. 64
Temp. too high...................................................................................................... 65
Temp. too low....................................................................................................... 65
EMC too high ....................................................................................................... 65
EMC too low ........................................................................................................ 66
Ice danger ............................................................................................................. 66
Faults and errors.................................................................................................... 66
EMC x probe shorted ........................................................................................... 66
Temp. x probe opened .......................................................................................... 67
Temp. x probe shorted.......................................................................................... 67
Probes amplifier.................................................................................................... 67
Power supply ........................................................................................................ 67
EEPROM write error............................................................................................ 68
System clock: ....................................................................................................... 68
Default data .......................................................................................................... 68
LG30-1 / 2 Amplifier............................................................................................ 68
Core tem. probes................................................................................................... 69
Further problems & Solutions .............................................................................. 69
Measurement problems ........................................................................................ 69
Relay outputs........................................................................................................ 70
Power supply / Power on...................................................................................... 70
SOFTWARE UPGRADING........................................................................ 71
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS .......................................................... 72

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APPENDIX......................................................................................................... 73
1) Wood type/group table ...................................................................................... 73
2) Drying programs................................................................................................ 74
Limits of the standard programs........................................................................... 74
DELPHI base programs........................................................................................ 75
British schedules (British programs).................................................................... 81
3) Defects and faults associated with drying........................................................ 81
4) Outputs activation conditions........................................................................... 84
Common problems measuring MC and EMC .................................................... 85
DISPOSAL PROCEDURE (DIR. 2002/96/EC - WEEE) ................................. 86

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REVISION HISTORY
Rev. 2
05/01/2005
Added new special parameters for condensation based kilns
management
Rev. 3
01/06/2005
Added:
- Heat Treatment cycles capability
- New settings for regulation values calculation mode
- Compressor activation interval
- Filter for EMC and TMC measures
Rev. 4
06/07/2005
Added:
- New details added about how to connect the power
supply and about internal fuses
- Description of HT related faults
Rev. 5
05/09/2005
Added:
- A new charter to underline how to set the final
moisture
- Description of “Diagnostic” and “Maintenance”
functions - “Reload default setting” function moved from
“Installation” to “Maintenance” Menu.
Rev. 6
03/10/2005
The output for fans analog signal was reversed in this manual
Rev. 7
15/10/2005
Software release 2.5 Added
:
- New info about wiring for not reversible fans
- New function: extraction fan management
- New function: HT probes calibration
Rev. 8
22/11/2005
Software release 2.6
The preference parameter to disable the sprayers below a
settable temperature now disables the flaps too.
Rev. 9
06/04/2006
Added new descriptions for two new installation parameters
related to HT pyhitosanitary cycles.
Rev. 10
05/11/2007
Added new function for Heating pump management

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Rev. 11
25/02/2008
Added :
- EMC and MC problems solving chapter
- Added LG35 chapter
- Added new probes configurations
Rev. 12
12/05/2008
Added description for new parameters under “Drying
preferences” for alarm thresholds setting.
Added:
- more detailed description for battery replacement
Rev. 13 - more detailed instruction for internal fuse replacement
15/09/2008 - connection diagram for LG35 amplifiers
- instruction to measure the LG25 reference voltage - new
probes configuration (4T,4EMC,12MC)
Rev. 14
21/04/2009
Added description for 4 new drying preferences parameters
Rev. 15
06/07/2009
Fixed the wrong table Connections/Kiln bus connector
Rev. 16
03/12/2009
Added a new management mode for condensation kilns and
two additional parameters related to the new mode
Rev. 17
11/03/2010
Additions to menu “SERVICE → INSTALLATION”:
- New parameter to specify whether the analog output
should be used to drive the fans or the heating valve.
- Maximum activation percentage for sprayers while in
proportional management mode
Rev. 18
19/05/2010
New management of sprayers when in On/Off mode: while
ON, they are now driven according to the duty cycle specified
with “Sprayers max. percentage” setting.
Rev. 19
13/09/2010
- Added new parameter for MC measurement compensation
Rev.20
01/02/2011
- Modified flaps management with temperature priority
- Added new capability for additional I/O connection

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Rev.21
22/03/2011
- Additional description about error codes (- - - - and xxxx) of
the HT probes visualization screen
Rev.22
22/10/2012
Replaced LG29 unit with LG39
BEFORE STARTING
How to use this manual
This manual is intended as a reference guide to use DELPHI. Although it is possible
(and advisable, at least one time) to read it starting from the first page, the manual
has been written to be used as reference every time an information is required about
a specific function. For this reason the title of the paragraphs are the same as written
in the control system (abbreviations included). The best way to get most out of this
manual is by sitting in front of DELPHI, exploring it, be curios and searching here
the explanations.
This manual uses icons that to point out some specific information:
This icon points out in-depth information or a peculiarity regarding the
specific argument.
This icon is used to highlight the operations that, in case of not
appropriate use, may cause damage or data loss.
Intended use
This product has been designed for the control of timber kiln dryers, in order to
perform drying cycles in automatic, semi-automatic and manual mode. It can also
perform HT cycles according to the ISPM15 requirements.
Safety instructions

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- Warning! When using battery-powered instruments, basic safety
precautions, including the following, should always be followed to
reduce the risk of fire, leaking batteries, personal injury and material
damage.
- Read this manual carefully before operating the instrument. - Retain this
manual for future reference.

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Consider work area environment
Do not expose the instrument to rain. Do not use the instrument in wet conditions.
Keep the work area well lit. Do not use the instrument where there is a risk of causing
fire or explosion, e.g. in the presence of flammable liquids and gases.
Keep children away
Do not allow children, visitors or animals to come near the work
area or to touch the instrument.
Stay alert
Watch what you are doing. Use common sense.
Do not operate the instrument when you are tired.
Check for damaged parts
Before use, carefully check the instrument for damage. Ensure that the instrument
will operate properly and perform its intended function. Do not use the instrument if
any part is damaged or defective.
Repairs
This instrument complies with relevant safety requirements.
Repairs should only be carried out by qualified persons using original spare parts;
otherwise this may result in considerable danger to the user
Use appropriate instrument
The intended use is described in this instruction manual.
Warning! The use of any accessory or attachment or performance of any operation
with this instrument other than those recommended in this instruction manual may
present a risk of personal injury.
Additional safety instructions for non-rechargeable batteries
- Never attempt to open for any reason.
- Do not store in locations where the temperature may exceed 40 °C.
- Please disposing the battery in accordance with local regulations.
- Do not incinerate the batteries.
- Under extreme conditions, battery leakage may occur.
When you notice liquid on the batteries, proceed as follows:
- Carefully wipe the liquid off using a cloth. - Avoid skin contact.

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Battery
If you want to dispose of the instrument yourself, the battery must be removed as
described in the next chapter and disposed of in accordance with local regulations.
Place the battery in a suitable packaging to ensure that the terminals cannot be
short-circuited.
Take the batteries to a local recycling station.
Battery technical data
IEC* designation CR2032
System Litio
Nominal voltage 3 V
Nominal capacity 210 (mAh)
Permissible temp. range -20°C … 60°C (min/max)
Weight, approx. 3g
Dimensions, approx. ø20 x 3,2 mm
* International Electrotechnical Commission
How to easily insert/remove the battery (Panel version)
REAR view

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REAR view (internal)
in the red rectangle in the “rear
view (internal)” is now
accessible.
Battery holder detail
holder detail”. Pay attention to
the positive pole (+) which
must be faced up.

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• Unplug the “KILN BUS”
and “RS232 – RS485”connectors
from the rear side of the control
panel.
• Unscrew the 5 screws
indicated by the “A” label in the
“rear view”, then remove the
metallic cover.
• The battery, located as stated
• Insert a small, flat
screwdriver under the battery as
indicated by the yellow arrow (B)
in “Battery holder detail”, then
lift the battery and slide it out
from the battery holder.
• To insert a new battery,
gently slide it inside the battery
holder, as indicated by the grey
arrow (C) in “Battery
How to easily insert/remove the battery (Desktop version)
FRONT view

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• Unscrew the 4 screws
indicated by the “A” label in the
“FRONT view”, then remove the
control panel.
• Unplug the “KILN BUS”
and “RS232 – RS485”connectors
from the rear side of the control
panel.
• The battery, located as stated in the red rectangle in the “REAR view (internal)” is
REAR view (internal) now accessible.
• Insert a small, flat
screwdriver under the battery as
indicated by the yellow arrow (B)
in “Battery holder detail”, then
lift the battery and slide it out
from the battery holder.
• To insert a new battery,
gently slide it inside the battery
holder, as indicated by the grey
arrow (C) in “Battery holder
detail”. Pay attention
to the positive pole (+) which
Battery holder detail must be faced up.

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Using the menus
A lot of the functions of DELPHI are accessible through menu. The menu item
currently selected is identified by the white letters on black background; the various
items of a menu can be selected through the selection arrows (normally the keys
number 3 and 4), the access to the following submenu is made by the confirmation
key (5), while the key 1 (ESC) is normally used to return to the preceding menu.
The browsing of the various pages is made through selection menus. In this manual,
to point out the path to follow for reaching one determined function, the various
menus to select are listed in sequence, beginning from the first level (main menu),
divided by the symbol “→”. For instance, the function to load a standard program
(accessible from main screen by pressing the MENU key, then selecting “Drying
Cycle” and “standard”) will be described as:
Menu → Drying cycle → Standard
All the pages of DELPHI are characterized by a status bar (on the top of the screen)
and a menu bar (at the bottom). The status bar usually describes the path effected to
reach the active page (except in the main page, where it gives different information),
while the menu bar, located immediately above the five functions keys, specifies the
specific function for every key.
Contrast setting
Although it is possible to set the contrast of the display through an addicted menu, a
shortcut is available, particularly useful for the first power-on, if the display appear
completely black. In this case, to set the contrast, press contemporarily the key “?”
and the key “ ” to darken or “ ” to clear the screen.
LED lamps
DELPHI is equipped with two LED indicators. The green lamp, always on, indicates
that the controller is powered; the other, red, become visible only if turned on and
indicates the presence of an alarm condition. On the front panel there is another small
transparent area, to the right of the “MENU5” key, behind which there is the photo
resistor used for the automatic power-on of the screen backlight.
Locking the keyboard
The keyboard of DELPHI has a lock function that can be enabled by the special
iButtons (black keyring). Touching the connector with the keyboard lock iButton,

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the symbol of a key will appear on the top bar of the display. Under such conditions
it is not more possible to access to any page or to effect any change on the settings
of the controller.
The unlocking of the keyboard is made in the same way: touching again the
connector with the iButton, the symbol of the key will disappear from the display
and the keyboard will take back the normal operation.
Installing DELPHI
Parts listing
DELPHI control system consists of the following parts:
1 Nr. 1 Central unit LG28 with screen and keyboard.
2 Nr. 1 Relay outputs /analog outputs unit LG29
3 Nr. 1 Probes amplifier LG25
4 Nr. 2 Probes box to be installed inside the kiln
5 Nr. 6 Timber moisture measurement cables
6 Nr. 42 Electrodes for timber moisture measurement (three lengths)
Nr. 2 Keyboard locking iButton
8 Nr. 3 iButton for programs or configuration storage
9 Nr. 1 user’s manual
10 Accessories for installation
1: In the desktop version, the parts 1 and 2 are assembled into a unique
case.
NOTE
2: The quantities listed for the positions from 3 to 6 are referred to the 2
Temperature, 2 EMC, 6 Timber MC probes version.
Installation tips
For a proper installation of the controller it is necessary to follow some precautions:
• The central unit with screen and keyboard and the relay outputs unit must
be placed into a room having temperature between 0 and 40C.
• If DELPHI controller (panel version) is installed on a switchboard, it is
necessary to pay particular attention to the correct assemblage of the other

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equipments installed inside the same switchboard, installing, where
suggested, all the filters required to reduce the interferences. Especially if a
frequency inverter for fans driving is present , it is necessary to follow all
the indications of the manufacturer to avoid the generation of interferences
that could affect the operation of the control system.
• The probes amplifier must be installed close to the kiln, to maintain the
connection cables to the probes boxes as short as possible. Although the
LG25 amplifier is furnished in watertight case, it is absolutely advisable to
avoid its direct exposure to the rain: a minimum protection constituted by a
simple plate roof should be always provided.
• The temperature and EMC sensors must be positioned inside the kiln so that
to assure a representative measure of the climatic conditions inside it. If the
kiln is equipped with reversible fans, the sensors must be placed on both
the sides of the kiln; if the front side is completely occupied by the loading
door, the sensor should be positioned on the side wall, close to the door.
• The cables for probes box connection and for wood moisture measurement
have to be under good conditions. No junction or reparation is admitted,
because it could affect the cable insulation characteristic. In the case of
insufficient length, it is necessary to replace the whole cable. This limitation
doesn't concern the other cables of connection of the controller.
• The probes boxes connection cables have to be placed at 30cm minimum
from whatever other power cable.
The distance among CPU unit, the power unit and the probes amplifier, can be also
very high (< 1,2Km), because the communication among these devices is made
through an RS485 line, suitable for long distances. In case of long distances (>100m)
or of environments particularly disturbed, it could be necessary to use special cables,
especially developed for RS485 transmission; in this case the power supply must be
conducted separately, using another cable.
Connections
DELPHI CPU (LG28) – LG39
The LG39 is the new input/output unit which may be supplied instead of the LG29
as standard equipment of the control system.

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The control panel of the kiln controller must be connected to one of the two KilnBus
connectors (CN2 or CN3 - they are internally connected) of the input/output LG39
unit, using the supplied cable (connection 1:1*).
The other connector (CN3 or CN2) can be used to connect the next devices on the
bus.
(*) Please note that, although the pins number is reversed if compared to the control
panel, the functions are on the same pin (1:1 connection).
Dip-switch settings
The LG39 is equipped with 8 configuration dip-switches. Use a small sharpen tool
to place them.
The following table summarizes the function of the dip-switches (Off=0, On=1):
Dip-switch number
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Serial address offset S.M. N.U. Mode N.U. Protocol

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000 = Base address + 0
Factory settings
0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1
When the “Safe mode” is enabled, after 4 minutes of inactivity of the serial interface,
all the outputs will be disabled, but the HEATER CLOSE and the FLAPS CLOSE
will be activated, in order to set the kiln under a safe condition. When this alarm
condition occurs, the DATA ERROR led flashes every second. Under normal
conditions, for use with standard controllers, the switches should remain as showed
in the “Factory settings” row.
Whatever change on the dip-switches setting will be effective only after a reset of
the device.
Inputs / Outputs description
The power supply input and the relay outputs are available on the CN4 and CN7
connectors.
The power supply for the whole system must be applied to the pins 1 and 2 of the
CN4 connector; these contacts are internally connected to the KILN-BUS plugs
through the FUSE 1 (5A) protection, to supply all the peripheral devices.
All the common contacts of the relays are connected to the same input (CN7 - 8) that
can be connected to whatever voltage from 0 to 250Vac. A protection fuse (FUSE
2.5x20mm – 5A) is connected in series to this input; the sum of all the loads
consumption must not exceed the fuse maximum current rating.
The following table summarizes the function for every I/O pin of the LG39:
Connector ID Description
CN1
Fans inverter ModBus connections (for ModBus controllers only)
3 – RS485 Tx/Rx +

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2 – RS485 Tx/Rx -
1 – Serial GND interface
CN2/CN3 KilnBus connector
1 – Power supply output L/+ (**)
2 – Power supply output N/- (**)
3 – Serial GND interface
4 – KilnBus Tx/Rx -
5 – KilnBus Tx/Rx +
CN5
Inputs connector (clean contacts only)
1 – Common
2 – Not Used
3 – Not Used
4 – Not Used
5 – Not Used
CN6
0-10V outputs (NOTE: the outputs are not mutually insulated: all the
commons are referred to the same GND as CN5. This GND is
insulated from the serial GND interface (CN1, CN2 and CN3) and
from the power supply.)
1 – Common fan (- FANS)
2 – Fans 0-10V output (+ FANS)
3 – Not Used
4 – Not Used
5 – Not Used
6 – Not Used
CN4
Power supply inputs / Relay outputs
1 – 24Vac/dc Power supply input L/+ (**)
2 – 24Vac/dc Power supply input N/-(**)
3 – not connected
4 – AUX3 - Not Used
5 – Flaps Close (FLAPS CLOSE)
6 – Flaps Open (FLAPS OPEN)
7 – Heater Closed (HEATER CLOSE)
8 – Heater Opened (HEATER OPEN)
CN7
Relay outputs / Relays common Input
1 – Fans counter clock wise output (FANS CCW) or without inversion
2 – Fans clock wise output (FANS CW)
3 – Sprayers output (SPRAY)
4 –AUX1 output (NC)

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5 – AUX1 output (NO)
6 – AUX2 Not Used
7 – AUX2 Not Used
8 – Relays Common input (RELAY COMMON)
Led RX DATA Green led (it flashes each time a valid packet has been received)
Led RX ERROR
Red led (it flashes when a wrong message has been receive or when
there is no communication)
Outputs Led
Yellow led which signal the activation of the corresponding output. For
the 0-10V outputs, the duty cycle (ON time) of the LED is proportional
to the output voltage (10V = led fixed ON).
S1 Configuration Dip switch
FUSE 1
Protection fuse for devices powered through the CN2/CN3 connectors
(5A)
FUSE 2
Protection FUSE for relay outputs (5A – 250V). The sum of all the
output currents from the connectors CN4 and CN7 should not exceed
the rating of this fuse.
(**) These power supply signals can be under direct or alternate current, so that they
can be reversed.
The outputs from 4 to 8 (CN4) and from 1 to 7 (CN7) are subject to the voltage
applied on the relays common input (CN7, pin 8).
The analog outputs to drive the fans frequency inverter, the heater and the flaps are
electrically insulated from the power supply and from the Kiln Bus interface, but are
not insulated each other and from the digital inputs (CN5)
In the standard configuration, the functions assigned to the Auxiliary relays are as
follows:
AUX1
Alarm, Exhaust fan (air extraction), Heating Pump (this relay can be
assigned to several functions, through the “Auxiliary output mode” set up
in the “configuration” parameters)
AUX2 Not Used
AUX3 Not Used
If a relays output is used to drive an inductive load (such as an electro valve), it is
recommended to add the supplied spark suppression filters in parallel to the load.

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NOTE: the filter must be installed across the load and not across the relay, to avoid
leakage of currents and any consequent malfunctioning.
Relays connection example

- 23 -
Esempio di collegamento del filtro su teleruttori, elettrovalvole e servomotori per
apertura/chiusura valvole o serrande
L
LG25 Probe amplifiers

- 24 -
The probe amplifiers model LG25 1.0 are equipped with 5 connectors with the
following functions
CN1 = factory use
CN2 = Timber probe and EMC input
CN3 = Connection to self-calibration device
CN4 = temperature probe
CN5 = KILN BUS
The connectors can be accessed by removing the 6 fixing screws of the metal case
lid.
WARNING:
1) Make sure the lid is perfectly closed and tighten the cable holders once
the operation is over to prevent dust or water from filtering in. The
measure circuits must not be dirty or polluted
2) Pay attention to not damage the electronic card and avoid the fall of dirt
or bits of copper wires on it when you made the connections..
The following tables specify the connections related to connectors CN2, CN4 and
CN5 (output 1 on each connector is the one nearest to the name of the connector on
the printed circuit)
CN2 - Timber probe inputs and EMC
Connection Description
CN2-1 EMC probe 1
CN2-2 EMC probe 2
CN2-3 Timber probe 1
CN2-5 Common for timber probes -EMC probes
CN2-10 Common for timber probes -EMC probes
CN4 - Temperature probe inputs
CN4-1 Temperature probe 1

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CN4-2 Common for temperature probes
CN4-3 Temperature probe 2
CN4-4 Common for temperature probes
CN5 - KILN BUS
CN5-1 Rx/Tx+ Interface with the KILN BUS sensors
CN5-2 Rx/Tx- Interface with the KILN BUS sensors
CN5-3 Earth connection
CN5-4 Power supply input (24Vac/dc)
CN5-5 Power supply input (0V)
LG30 probes amplifiers
The LG30 amplifiers allow to manage up to 8 additional temperature probes. They
have three connectors: CN1 = Measuring inputs
CN2 = Factory use
CN3 = KILN BUS
The connectors can be accessed by removing the 6 fixing screws of the metal case
lid.
WARNING:
3) Make sure the lid is perfectly closed and tighten the cable holders once
the operation is over to prevent dust or water from filtering in. The
measure circuits must not be dirty or polluted
4) Pay attention to not damage the electronic card and avoid the fall of
dirt or bits of copper wires on it when you made the connections..
The following tables specify the connections related to connectors CN1 and CN3
(output 1 on each connector is the one nearest to the name of the connector on the
printed circuit)
CN1 – Inputs
Connection ID Description
CN1-1 IN1 Temperature probe 1

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CN1-9 +5V Temperature probes common
CN1-10 GND Not used
CN3 – KILN BUS
CN5-1 Rx/Tx+ Interface with the KILN BUS sensors
CN5-2 Rx/Tx- Interface with the KILN BUS sensors
CN5-3 Earth connection
CN5-4 Power supply input (24Vac/dc)
CN5-5 Power supply input (0V)
The KILN BUS most be parallel connected to the other LG25 amplifiers, on the same
cable coming from the LG29 unit (panel versions) or directly from the desktop unit.
LG35 Probe amplifiers
The multi sensor LG35 includes all the sensors required for the Kilns management
and the electronic to transform the signals in digital information. It should be
installed inside the kiln in a position suitable to measure the average climate
conditions of the cell.
WARNING: LG35 cannot be exposed directly to water spray and to
temperatures higher than 80°C, otherwise serious damage may occur.
LG35 is equipped with a new, spring cage type connector, for an easy and faster
wiring. To access the connector, unscrew the four screws of the front panel.

- 27 -
Remove the front panel CAREFULLY, and temporary fix it at the left side (see
picture) while wiring the connector, in order to avoid any stress to the delicate
connections between the front panel and the connection board..
Connect the kiln bus cable to the connector.
Two inputs are provided for an easy chain connection: the kiln-bus can be connected
to one of the two inputs, while the other is available to connect the next device (if
any). For the connection use the following wires:
SIGNAL COLOUR
KilnBus + Blue
KilnBus - White
KilnBus GND
Can be used to connect the cable shield
(not required)
24Vac (dc) – Phase (+) Red
24Vac (dc) – Neutral (-) Black

- 28 -
To perform the connections, simply peel
about 1cm of insulation from the wire, insert
a flat screw driver ( 0,6x3,5mm tip) and turn
it slightly to open the cage, then insert the
wire. Pay attention to climp the copper and
not the insulation of the wire.
The two temperature probes inputs can be
used to connect two NTC type sensors.
Probe
Temp1 Air Temperature
Temp2 Wood Temperature (optional)
WARNING: be sure that no uninsulated wire (including the shields of
the cables) get in touch with the metal cover of the measuring circuit,
otherwise the measures could be seriously influenced.
On the main connector there is also the measuring circuit ground , which is supplied
connected to the metallic roof of LG35 through a capacitor. The metallic roof should
be connected to an earth connection, not shared with other power devices. To get
good performances, in most of the applications, it is enough to install LG35 on the
metallic walls of the kiln.
The missing or insufficient earth connection may cause problems in measuring very
low EMC and MC values.
If this kind of problem is encountered, the following solutions should be tested:
1) Disconnect the capacitor from the LG35 metallic roof and connect it to a
”clean” (addicted only to the measuring circuit) earth connection.
2) Leave the “Meas. GND” input of LG35 unconnected.
3) Connect the Meas.GND pin directly to a clean earth connection. (Warning:
this solution could carry to errors in measuring very high timber moisture
contents)

- 29 -
Observing the rear side of the front panel a dip-switch wit 8 positions can be found.
For this application their position should be: 8,6: ON, all the others OFF. Usually
they are set in factory so there is no need to adjust them.
Looking obliquely into the dip-switch window two LEDS can be seen. In normal
operation only the green LED should blink approx. once a second; the red led blinks
at power on or in case of communication problems.
At the end of the wiring, before closing the cover, be sure that no wire is positioned
over the connector, because there is no room available between the connector itself
and the rear side of the cover. Pay also attention to the proper positioning of the
sealing gasket.

- 30 -
Connecting several LG25/LG30 amplifiers on Kiln Bus

- 31 -

- 32 -
Connecting several LG35 amplifiers on Kiln Bus

- 33 -

- 34 -
Serial interface
DELPHI controller is equipped with a serial interface for the connection to the
supervisory PC or to update the controller software. The connector for such interface
is a 9 poles DB series (DB9 female) situated on the back panel of the panel unity
desktop versions) or of the main control unity (panel versions).
The pin out of the connector is:
Serial interface (DB9 F)
1 +5V out
2 TxD (RS232)
3 RxD (RS232)
4 Rx/Tx+ (RS485)
5 Rx/Tx- (RS485)
6 n.c.
7 RTS (RS232)
8 CTS (RS232)
9 GND
Network connection
DELPHI can be connected to a network of kilns managed by a supervisory Personal
Computer, that must be equipped with an interface converter model CV485NG. The
connection must be effected as follows:
DELPHI (DB9 F)
→
→
→
CV485NG
5 pins, green connector
4 Rx/Tx+ 1 Rx/Tx+
5 Rx/Tx- 2 Rx/Tx-
Shield 5 GND
Although, for brief distances in not disturbed environments, any telephone single
pair cable could be used, we recommend to use a specific cable for RS485 nets, such
as. Belden 9841, Alpha 6412, CEAM CPR6003. The cable shield has to be connected
to earth from a single side of the cable(for example, only on pin 5 of CV485NG
converter) and left unconnected on the other side.

- 35 -
PC connection for controller software upgrade
To upgrade the software of a DELPHI controller not connected to a supervisory PC,
a direct connection to the RS232 COM port of the PC can be effected, without need
of a CV485NG converter:
DELPHI (DB9 F)
→
→
→
PC COM port (DB9 M)
2 TxD 2 RxD
3 RxD 3 TxD
9 Gnd 5 Gnd
Use then the AggiCE utility for the upgrade.
Configuring DELPHI
After having installed and connected the controller, before being able to use
DELPHI, it is necessary to proceed with its configuration, to suit it for the
characteristics of the specific kiln. The configuration is effected through the addicted
“Service only menu.”. Under this menu are grouped all the settings that must
normally be set during the controller installation and that hardly will be modified
later, during the normal use of the kiln.
Following there is a list of the settable parameters for every submenu, together with
a description of the meaning for each one.
Menu → Service → Preferences
They are a series of settings related to the management of the drying cycle.
Close flaps if temp. falls
It allows to set the management priority for the dampers. Under normal conditions
the flaps should be open if the humidity in the cell is too high. With particularly cold
climate and/or with under dimensioned heating systems, the opening of the flaps
could also cause an unwanted diminution of the temperature in the cell. To avoid
this, it is possible to set this value on a value different from 0°C. In this way the
temperature in the cell has higher priority than the humidity and, if it falls below the
ideal values minus this setting (in °C), the flaps are closed, regardless to the moisture
in the cell, until the temperature reaches again its ideal value.
If this function is not required, set this value to 0°C to exclude it.
Default setting: 5°C

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Sprayers - Flaps enabling temperature
It is the minimum temperature below which the sprayers and the flaps are forced
closed (disabled).
Default setting:: 20 C
High temp. alarm delay
It is the delay, in minutes, from the identification of an alarm condition for high
temperature (10°C higher in comparison to the set-point) and its signalling.
Default setting: 20
EMC alarm delay
It is the delay, in minutes, from the identification of an EMC alarm condition (+/5,0
in comparison to the set-point) and its signalling.
Default setting: 20’
Save measures every:
DELPHI can preserve a trace of the last 80 effected measures into its memory,
included the correspondents ideal values and the state of the timber probes. This
parameter allows to set the interval in hours among two following recordings.
Default setting : 8h
Cooling phase mode
It specifies how the cooling have to be performed. When there is a cooling demand
(usually at the end of the cycle) the controller can proceed in two ways:
Natural: the heating is turned off, and all the other functions (flaps, sprayers)
continue to work in normal way.
Forced: the heating is turned off and the flaps are opened. In case of too low EMC,
the sprinklers are also activated;. Only if an alarm for too low EMC occurs, the flaps
are closed again, up to the end of the alarm condition.
Default setting: Natural
EMC compensation
Use this function for fine adjustments on the measures of EMC effected by the
controller. The correction of the EMC measure is especially useful when cellulose
plates different from those furnished with the equipment or plates made from other
materials are used as sensors. The compensation is limited to +/-3,0; the set value is
added to the measure detected by the controller.

- 37 -
Default setting: 0.0
Timber MC / EMC / Temperature calculation mode
They are referred to timber probes, temperature probes and moisture probes and are
used to specify how the measures received from the various sensors must be
managed. For all the types of probes, you can specify whether the regulation value
should be the highest value, at the lowest value or at an arithmetic average of the
measured values.
The controller is preset to regulate on basis of the average timber moisture and of
highest temperature and the lowest EMC measured in the cell (usually the most
critical values of all). In some cases, it can be useful to adjust the cycle according to
other values; for ex, when the timber is particularly subject to mould stains, an
adjustment based on the highest EMC value can be more suitable or in case of timber
that requires a minimum temperature to ensure an adequate treatment against
parasites, it may be better to adjust the temperature at its lowest value
High temperature alarm threshold.
Defines the difference between measured and ideal temperatures which enables the
countdown for high temperature alarm signalling.
Default setting: 10,0
EMC alarm threshold
Defines the difference between measured and ideal EMC which enables the
countdown for high/low humidity alarm signalling.
Phase timer mode
Specifies how to manage the timing of the drying phases, If set to “T_OK” the
countdown begins when the temperature required for the phase has been reached. If
set to “Start” the countdown begins immediately when the phase is started, regardless
of temperature.
NOTE: when the timer for a drying phase is set to 0 or the phase is marked as HT
phase, the controller will wait for the required temperature before starting the
countdown, regardless of the setting of this parameter.
Default Setting: “T_OK”

- 38 -
Variation EMC/hour
Defines the hourly variation allowed for the EMC set. If the measured EMC is
different by the set EMC required by the program, the required value will be reached
according to the specified speed.
Flaps On/Off activation threshold.
This parameter is considered only when Flaps management is set to ON/OFF mode,
and specifies the threshold above set point for opening the flaps. The flaps will
remain opened until the EMC value return to the ideal value.
Flaps at end of cycle
Defines whether the flaps should be ON (opened) or OFF (closed) when the cycle
has been completed. (end of cycle).
Default setting: OFF
MC compensation
This parameter can be used for fine adjustments on the measures of Timber Moisture
performed by the controller, in order to match it with the preferred reference meter
of the user. The compensation is limited to +/-3,0; the set value is added to the
measure detected by the controller.
Default setting: 0.0
Menu → Service→ Installation
The installation parameters are used to configure DELPHI according to the
characteristics of the specific kiln; after the first setting, it shouldn’t be necessary to
modify these parameters, unless mechanical changes are brought to the kiln.
EMC/Temp probes
Specifies the number of air temperature, moisture and timber moisture probes. The
available configurations are:
6W1E1T
6 timber MC probes, 1 EMC and 1 Temperature
(1 LG25 amplifier with single probes box)
6W2E2T
6 timber MC probes, 2 EMC and 2 Temperatures
(1 LG25 amplifier with two probes boxes)

- 39 -
12W2E2T
(2 LG25 amplifier with single probes box)
8W2E2T
(2 LG35 amplifiers)
4W1E1T
(1 LG35 amplifier)
12W4E4T
(2 LG25 amplifier with double probes box)
Default setting: “6W2E2T”
Flaps driving mode
Used to specify whether the flaps should be managed by pulses (the controller gives
small opening or closing pulses, to move the flaps little by little) or On/Off (the flaps
can be only fully opened or closed). When traditional motorized flaps are used, the
first solution is warmly advisable, because it allows a better regulation. The On/Off
mode should be used only when the proportional mode cannot be applied (for
instance: dehumidification by extracting fans only or by condensation)
Default setting: Pulse
Flaps opening time
The time required for the flaps to open or close completely. It is used only if flaps
pulse mode has been selected.
Default setting: 80”
Flaps activation delay
A delay used during the proportional management, to define the response time of the
system. It should be increased if the response is too fast (the real value oscillates
around the ideal value) or decreased if the response is too slow.
Heat. valve driving mode
As provided for the flaps, allows the proportional management of the heating valve
for a better temperature regulation. The pulse mode should be preferred when used
with a traditional motorized valve, while the On/Off mode should be used only when
the pulse mode cannot be applied (such as direct heating with direct burner driving).

- 40 -
Default setting: Pulse
Heat. valve opening time
The time required for the heating valve to open or close completely. It is used only
if heating pulse mode has been selected.
Heat. valve activation delay
A delay used during the heating proportional management, to define the response
time of the system. It should be increased if the response is too fast (the real value
oscillates around the ideal value) or decreased if the response is too slow.
Spray management mode
Used to specify whether the spraying must be On/Off or proportional. The
proportional management is made keeping the valve open for a variable percentage
(duty cycle) of a 30” working time (Pulse Width Modulation Mode)
NOTE: when the On/Off mode is selected, the sprayers will be always OFF or
activated according to the max. percentage setting; i.e. if the “Sprayers max.
percentage” setting is set to 50%, the sprayers can be always OFF or activated with
a 50% duty cycle. To drive them in pure On/Off mode, be sure that the “Sprayers
max.
percentage” is set to 100%.
Default setting: PWM
Spray valve activation delay
A delay used during the sprayers proportional management, to define the response
time of the system. It should be increased if the response is too fast (the real value
oscillates around the ideal value) or decreased if the response is too slow.
Fans driving mode
It indicates the type of fans used in the kiln. You can specify whether they can be set
on or off only, or if their speed can be adjusted (INVERTER controlled fans - the
speed of which is specified by an analogue voltage.
Default setting: On/Off

- 41 -
Fans inversion
Specification if the sense of rotation of the fans has to be inverted periodically
(usable only with suitable fans and switchboard).
NOTE: by setting the inversion interval to 0 and restarting the controller, the fans
will run for 1 minute (plus pause time) for each direction (useful for testing purposes)
Default setting: Yes
Condensation based kiln
By setting this parameter to “1”, the controller will be configured to manage a
condensation kiln (a special drying kiln that uses a dehumidifier system to decrease
the air humidity, instead of requiring fresh air from outside like the conventional
kilns do).
For the condensation kilns, the relay normally used for the flaps is used to drive the
refrigerator, and the relay normally used to signal an alarm becomes the overheating
relay. These relays are managed as follows:
Refrigerator (flaps): disabled for temperatures below 30C
ON when EMC>Set-point +0.8
OFF when EMC<Set-point -0.3
Overheating (alarm): ON when Temperature > Set-point +3.0C OFF
when Temperature <= Set-point
By setting this parameter to “2”, in addition to the above mentioned specifications,
the overheating output will act also as exhaust air output, to help dehumidifying the
air, activated together with the compressor unit until the temperature remains within
a settable range from the ideal set point (see also “Exhaust fan threshold” and
“Dehumidifier threshold”). This functioning mode should be preferred in plants
where there is a good availability of heating power in order to minimize the
absorption for the dehumidifier.
Default setting: “0”
Maximum allowed temperature
This parameter sets the maximum temperature that the controller will require for
regulation. Also if a program than requires higher temperatures is loaded or written,
the controller won’t regulate for a temperature higher than the one set by this
parameter.

- 42 -
Default setting: 120C
Compressor activation delay
Useful for condensation based kiln dryers, it avoids to activate too often the
compressor connected to the flaps relay ; this parameter specifies a delay in minutes
between two consecutive activations of the compressor. By setting the parameter to
0 the function will be excluded.
Default setting: 0
Heat Treatment mode (HT)
Defines the hardware configuration used to perform the Heat Treatment function.
The available configurations are:
0 = no LG30 amplifier – HT treatment not available
1= 1 LG30 amplifier – HT treatment up to maximum 8 core temperature probes
2= 2 LG30 amplifiers – HT treatment up to max. 16 core temperature probes
Default setting: 0
EMC and TMC measures filter
Used to enable and to define the response time of a filter that can be applied on the
measured values of timber and equilibrium moisture. If enabled, the filter affects all
the EMC and MC probes, allowing a variation of the measured value in steps of 1/10,
while the set value defines the interval between two steps. For example:
If previous value= 4,7 ; new value= 5,3 If C18=0 the transition occurs
immediately If C18=1 the transition occurs step by step (4,8-4,9-5,0-…-5,3)
and takes 6/10 of second If C18=200 the transition occurs step by step (4,8-
4,9-5,0-…-5,3) and takes 200 seconds
This function is useful to reduce the oscillation of the measured values in very noisy
environments. By setting this parameter to 0, the filter is excluded.
Default setting: 0
Extraction fan
It is a fan that may be installed to help the dampers in the extraction of the exhaust
air from the kiln. If the management of this fan is enabled, the “alarm relay” becomes
a “Extraction fan” relay and it will be activated when the flaps activation percentage
will be 100% and will remain ON until that percentage will decrease down to 50%.
NOTE: this setting has no meaning for “condensation kilns”, because the same relay
is already used for other purposes.

- 43 -
Default setting: “No”
Minimum number of HT probes
This value specifies the minimum allowable number of timber core temperature
probes; the PC software WoodWizard2 sets it at every starting of a new phytosanitary
HT cycle according to the minimum requirements set in its configuration on basis of
local regulations.
Default setting: 4
Minimum temp. for HT cycle
It is the minimum temperature to be reached at timber core during the phytosanitary
HT cycles. It is set by the PC software WoodWizard2 at every starting of a new HT
cycle, according to the local requirements. The real temperature value maintained
during the HT cycles will be the higher between this one and the one set in the phase
definition.
Default setting: 58°C
Heating pump management
If enabled, the heating pump management uses the ALARM relay as Heating Pump
relay, turning it ON when there is a request for heating and turning it OFF after 5’
from the last heating request.
NOTE: this function is automatically excluded when “Condensation based kiln” or
“Extraction fan” functions are enabled.
Default setting: “No”
Exhaust fan threshold
This parameter is used only when the condensation mode 2 has been selected (see
also “Condensation based kiln”) and specifies the maximum temperature tolerance
from the temperature set point to maintain active the exhaust/overheating fan. When
there is a dehumidification request and the temperature is close to the set point, the
exhaust fan is activated in order to help the compressor in decreasing the humidity.
It is maintained active until the temperature remains above the set-point minus this
setting, then it is turned OFF and only the compressor is used to decrease the
humidity. (Hysteresis = 1,0 °C)
Default setting: 3,5°C

- 44 -
Dehumidifier threshold
This parameter is used only when the condensation mode 2 has been selected (see
also “Condensation based kiln”) and specifies the threshold (referred to the
temperature set point) to stop the dehumidifier. When there is a dehumidification
request while the temperature is under the ideal value, the dehumidifier is activated
in order to dehumidify and either to help the heater in heating up the air. If the
temperature increases above the ideal set point minus this setting, the compressor is
disabled in order to save energy (Hysteresis = 1,5 °C).
Default setting: 1,5°C
Analog output mode
Specifies whether the 0-10V analog output of LG29 should be used to regulate the
fans speed (“Fans”) or the opening of the heating valve (“Heat”).
Default setting: “Fans”
Sprayers max. percentage
Sets a limit for the maximum allowable percentage (duty cycle) for the sprayers valve
activation.
NOTE: this setting is used also when the Sprayers management is set to ON/OFF; if
set to a percentage other than 100%, the ON/OFF management will use a
correspondent fixed duty cycle while the sprayers should be ON.
Default setting: 100%
Additional I/O
This parameter specifies whether there are additional I/O modules connected to the
KilnBus for special purposes. In normal conditions it should be set to 0.
Default setting: 0
Menu → Service→ Communication
It is necessary to set these parameters if the controller has to be connected to a remote
supervisory system.

- 45 -
Serial address
When one or more controllers are connected to a supervision system, an univocal
identification number must be assigned to them. On the same net cannot be
connected 2 controllers having the same address. Default setting: 1
Baud rate
It specifies the speed of data transmission on the net of kilns. The setting has to be
the same one for all the connected equipments. Default setting: 9600
Menu → Service→ Maintenance
The access to this page is reserved to maintenance operators and is password
protected.
Menu → Service→ Diagnostic
This page can be used to drive manually the controller outputs for testing purpose.
When this menu is selected, the controller automatically stops the current drying
cycle and the status of heater, flaps, sprayers and fans can be freely changed. The
controller won’t exit from this page until MENU 1 key (ESC) will be pressed.
WARNING! This function does not manage any delay time between
switching the output status. It is an operator’s responsibility to avoid
sudden changes to the fans rotation direction, to avoid possible damages
to them.
For testing purposes, when this page is active, the controller emits a beep each time
the light sensor (used to drive the LCD backlight) detects a light fluctuation.
Menu → Service→ Save preferences…
Saves a copy of the configuration settings of the controller on iButton. This can be
useful for the future restoration of the configuration or to transfer the complete
configuration on another controller. The usable iButtons are the same usable to save
the drying programs (yellow keyring).

- 46 -
Menu → Service→ Load preferences…
It allows a quick configuration of the controller, loading the data previously saved
on iButton.
Attention: the configuration data to be loaded must have been generated with the
same version of the controller software, otherwise the operation could bring to
unexpected results.
Menu → Service→ Software back-up
It can be used to make a copy of the controller software on red iButtons.
DELPHI overview
Power on
At power on, DELPHI launches the boot program that verifies the congruity of the
management software in memory (and also serves to manage the software upgrades);
at the end of the verification, that lasts few second, the main program is launched.
The program starts with one initial screen who informs on the state of advancement
of the system initialization, that depends on the configuration of the controller; there
is always a bar for the advancement of the probes reading, while the bars for the first
positioning of flaps and heating valve are displayed only if the devices are driven in
proportional mode (not On/Off). At the end of the initialization, DELPHI switches
to the main screen visualization.
Main screen
It is the control centre of the kiln; great attention has been paid to realize it, to
conjugate an easy consultation to the maximum completeness of the displayed
information. This screen, that gives to the operator almost all the necessary
information at a glimpse, is automatically visualized at the end of the power-on
procedures and it is also automatically recalled by all the other screens if the
controller stays inactive for a few minutes.
All the information and the functions accessible from this page are following
described in the detail.

- 47 -
A) Status bar
On the right there is the name and version of the installed software. To the left there
is the system clock, that can be preceded by two symbols:
• If there is the “$” symbol, it means that the system is working in energetic
saving mode.
• The “” symbol means that there is an active connection to a supervisory
PC.
B) Measures area
The measured values of temperature, equilibrium moisture and timber moisture are
displayed in big characters for an immediate consultation. Below every value the
correspondents ideal values are listed (if any), that are the values required by the
control system on basis of the current program. The ideal value for the timber

- 48 -
moisture is displayed only if, for the phase in progress, a timber moisture threshold
has been set. For the temperature, two ideal values are displayed: the immediate one
(the temperature now desired in the cell) and the one that should be reached at the
end of the heating cycle in progress.
NOTE: during the HT phases, the final temperature value is replaced by the timber
core temperature, preceding by two small letters (HT) – see HT section of the
manual.
C) Output status area – Manual commands
It gives an immediate control and visualization of the state of the outputs for heating,
flaps, fans and sprayers. If an output has been set for proportional management, the
corresponding state is represented by a bar followed by a value percentage, otherwise
appears only the status (On/Off). To the right of the status of every output there is
the operation mode (Automatic, Manual, Disabled). Moving the cursor above the
operation mode (Menu3-Menu4) and pressing the key ENTER (Menu5) the related
output management is switched from manual mode to automatic and vice versa; after
having selected the manual mode, move the cursor over the current status of the
output to change it.
The indication “Disabled” beside an output means that it is set in automatic mode,
but the particular current conditions of the kiln does not allow the controller to use
it. It is possible, for instance, that the sprayers are disabled because the temperature
is lower than the minimum set for their activation, or that the heating and the fans
are disabled in case of conditions of temperature and EMC dangerous for the timber
in treatment.
In case of reversible fans, to the right of the operation mode, the current rotation
direction followed by the time to the next inversion is displayed; these information
are replaced by the “Pause” label during the rotation switching,.
D) Information area – start, stop, phase selection
It gives information about:
• the group of classification of the wood in treatment
• the drying phase in progress, followed by the condition required for its end.
• the number of the program currently in execution (replaced from “?” if the
program in execution is not standard or it has been partially modified by
the user)
• the alarms currently in progress
Under normal conditions, when the controller is left inactive for some minutes, the
cursor is automatically positioned over the “phase in progress” field. In this

- 49 -
condition, pressing the button “Menu 5”, it is possible to switch quickly the
controller in Pause or Stop mode or to change the phase currently in execution.
E) Menu bar
As well as all the other pages, the main screen includes a menu bar, used to define
the function of the 5 immediately underlying keys in the specific context.
Drying using DELPHI
This chapter illustrates step by step all the operations to start a drying cycle.
1) Preliminary operations
To start a new drying cycle some operations and preliminary verifications are
required:
a) Replace the cellulose plates for EMC measurement: to avoid that residues
and dusts of the preceding dryings can influence the measured values, it is
advisable to replace them at every new cycle. Being the controller
calibrated on the particular cellulose in endowment, is absolutely advisable
to use spare parts from the same origin; otherwise a new calibration of the
controller may be required. Every now and then it is advisable to check the
efficiency of the EMC measuring circuit: after having removed both the
cellulose plates, observe the “empty” measures on the DELPHI display;
they should be as low as possible. Although it is not possible to give an
absolute reference value (because it depends on the plant, on the
temperature and on the calibration), usually values below 4,0% should be
observed for temperatures of about 20-25°C... In case of higher measures it
is necessary to proceed with an accurate cleaning of the probes boxes, all
around the EMC clamps and with the verification of the cables of
connection from the boxes up to the amplifier (that has to be installed in a
position protected from the rain).
b) Verify the timber probes cables; they have to be in perfect conditions: a
damaged cable must be replaced or shortened, but it is never advisable to
try to repair/join it, because the insulation required could be not assured.
Every now and then it is advisable to verify the cables, by connecting them
to the plugs of the probes boxes and leaving the other extremity
unconnected, suspended in air so that the connectors are not in contact with
any surface. In these conditions the values measured by DELPHI should be

- 50 -
as low as possible: as described for the EMC measures, it is not possible to
establish with precision a value, but, as a rule, the readings should be lower
than 6-8% at 20-25°C. In case of higher measures, first the related probe
cable should be unplugged from the probes box: if the measured value falls,
the cable should be replaced, otherwise an accurate cleaning of the probes
bow should be performed, together with a verification of the connection
cable between the probes box and the amplifier (that must be installed in a
position protected from the rain).
c) Electrodes verification: the electrodes for the timber moisture measurement
supplied with the controller are made from stainless steel AISI303 to assure
a long duration; despite this, it is possible that, after a prolonged
use, traces of corrosion appear. These must be removed using some
common abrasive paper.
2) Timber probes positioning
The timber moisture
content is detected by the
controller based on the
resistance that the current
found flowing between the
two measuring electrodes,
that must be carefully
inserted in the planks
selected as samples. The
electrodes must be inserted
cross wise to the fibres (see
figure),
approximately 30 mm from each other and at an equal distance from the edge of the
board; they shall be kept far from the plank edges because they would be the first
zones to lose their moisture content and they cannot be representative of the average
moisture content. The depth where they should be inserted to obtain an indication
of the average moisture content, must be approximately 1/3rd of the plank gauge.
If you want to read the highest moisture value, insert the electrodes as far as the
centre of the plank. To insert the electrodes it is advisable to make a guide hole, 3
mm diameter, to the required depths of insertion by using a drill at low rpm, to
prevent over heating.
To obtain the best results choose in advance the planks to be used as samples for
detecting the measurements, by selecting the most humid planks using a portable

- 51 -
measure instrument (for example LG9NG probes or LG6NG contact measuring
devices or MOISTEST I); the selected planks must be positioned in as many different
points inside the kiln as possible, in order to obtain an indication of the whole lot of
timber being treated even in case of corners where the air flow may be not perfect.
After inserting the electrodes, fit in the probe cable pins in the relevant electrode
holes and position the cable in such a way as not to crush it when positioning the
other stacks. The far ends of the cables connected with the electrodes must be
connected with the relevant connectors on the probe holder panels.
Wrong positions for MC
electrodes

- 52 -
WARNING:
1) If one or more timber probes are not used, it is mandatory to
disconnect the related cable from the probes box inside the kiln, because
if the electrodes of the unused probes come in contact with a ground
potential (like the wall of a metallic kiln) the measuring values of all the
MC and EMC probes could be affected.
2) When a multiple amplifier configuration is used (more than 6
timber probes) it is necessary to avoid to connect on the same timber
board probes coming from different amplifiers, because the probes can
cause an interference with a consequent wrong and not stable measure.
On a single board only probes coming from the same amplifier can be
connected.
3) To get good drying results in the shortest possible time, is
extremely important to follow the following advises:
A) The material to be dried has to be the as homogeneous as possible, for
dimensions and for initial moisture content, otherwise the drying time
of the whole load will be penalized by the time required to dry the most
critical elements and by the longer conditioning phase required to get
a result acceptably uniform.
B) The oven has to be loaded with extreme attention: the stacks have to
occupy the whole available space in width and in height, to avoid
possible “shortcuts” for the air that otherwise would avoid to pass
through the stacks.
C) Among each row of stacks there must be a minimum distance of at least
10cm. Placing side by side the stacks without respecting this distance
could obstruct the gaps for the air created by the spacers into every
stack because of the tolerances in the height of the stacks, with the
result to prevent the desiccation of the elements in proximity of the
obstructed passages.
3) Probes selection
After having placed the probes and loaded the kiln, from the main screen of DELPHI
press the “Probes” key to access the page of visualization of the measured values.
Use the arrows to move the cursor on every probe to activate or to de activate it. It
is possible, for instance, to turn off the probes having values not representative of
the actual average state of the load.

- 53 -
It is also possible to select the “Auto cut-off” parameter, to set a percentage for the
automatic exclusion of the probes having abnormal values, by setting a maximum
percentage of variance/deviation from the average of the enabled probes. If the
percentage is 0, the function is disabled. Otherwise, the controller will exclude from
the average calculation those probes that show a discrepancy higher than the
percentage set. The exclusion is made gradually; based on the average value of all
the enabled probes, the probes having a discrepancy are identified and the one
furthest from the average value is disabled. The average value is then calculated
again based on the residual probes and the identification - exclusion process starts
again, until all remaining probes fall within the discrepancy percentage that has been
set. This method allows to adjust the cycle on the probes with the majority of values
similar.
The probes that have been automatically cut off are identified by the “Excluded"
label.
Example of an automatic cutoff operation:
% Probe values Average
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6
No cutoff 0 25,3 36,8 26,1 28,1 42,9 23,5 30,5%
With cutoff 30% 25,3 36,8 26,1 28,1 Esc 23,5 28%
4) Setting the drying cycle
DELPHI allows to set the drying cycle in three different ways, in addition to the
remote programming from the supervisory PC.
It is possible to set a completely new program or to recall a standard or previously
set program. The recalled programs are copied in the working memory where they
can be modified without altering the original program. The existing programs can
therefore be used as starting point to write new, personalized programs, that in turn
can be recorded into the controller memory or on iButton for a fast future use. When
a program is recalled by the memory, its identification number will appear on the
main page of DELPHI. Such information will be replaced by a “?” if the program
will be modified by the user.
4.1) Setting by iButton
It is in absolute the simplest method: just lay the iButton on the reader and confirm
the dialogue that will appear on the screen, pressing the key “5” while maintaining
in position the button. If the iButton contains a valid program, it will automatically

- 54 -
be copied into the working memory (overwriting the existing program) and a
message of confirmation will appear; otherwise an error message will appear.
4.2) Recalling a program from memory
To recall a program (standard or custom) from the memory of DELPHI follow the
following paths (starting from the main page):
Menu → Drying cycle → standard
Menu → Drying cycle → custom
By pressing the key “5” to confirm the selection a dialogue box that proposes the
choice of the program to load will appear. The standard programs have numbers of
identification beginning from 1, while the user programs depart from 100.
Confirming the loading, if the select program will result valid, it will be copied into
the working memory, overwriting the existing program, otherwise an error message
will appear.
4.3) Manual setting
The manual setting can be used to adjust the programs loaded with the previous
described methods or to create entirely new programs. Although the supplied
standard cycles can be used for the firsts experiences, the personalization of the
cycles is essential to get performances optimized for the specific kiln and
requirements: whatever standard program could never result perfectly calibrated for
the specific demands. It is therefore important to understand exactly how the
controller operates to exploit all its potentialities.
The manual setting consists in two phases: the setting of the generic parameters and
the definition of the phases
Menu → Drying cycle → Generic data
Heating speed
Expressed in Celsius degrees per hour, it represents the speed for temperature
changes into the kiln (heating / cooling)

- 55 -
Timber group:
This setting is used to compensate the reading coming from the timber probes on
basis of the wood species. It must be set on the value specific for the wood species
to be dried (see appendix 1).
Inversion interval:
If the kiln is equipped with reversible fans, you can preset the controller in order to
manage the inversion of the direction of rotation by setting the time interval between
two inversions. After the interval, the fans will stop for two minutes, then the
direction will be reversed and the fans will start again.
NOTE: by setting the inversion interval to 0 and restarting the controller, the fans
will run for 1 minute (plus pause time) for each direction (useful for testing purposes)
Menu → Drying → Phases definition
It is the screen where the drying cycle is defined. The drying cycle of DELPHI
consists in a certain number of phases (from 1 to 10). Every row corresponds to a
phase and involves different settings, that takes two pages; to switch from a page to
the other press the key “2” (→).
WARNING: It is absolutely important, during the program setting, to
verify that the parameter of both the pages are properly set.
Phases parameters – page 1
ID number
Every active phase is identified by a progressive number; the excluded phases are
identified by the symbol “- “. To enable or to exclude a phase, simply select the
relative identification number and confirm with the key “5”
Climate
For every phase the climate (temperature and equilibrium moisture) into the kiln
must be specified. The EMC may be expressed directly or specified by a gradient,
so depending on the timber moisture. Moving the cursor over the EMC or GR

- 56 -
column and confirming with “5” , the setting of the related parameter is started, while
the other parameter is automatically excluded.
If the setting by gradient, is chosen the EMC in the cell will depend on the average
moisture of the timber when it is lower than 30%:
EMC = Timber moisture / Gradient
If the timber moisture is higher than 30%, the EMC will be calculated as follows:
EMC = 30 / Gradient
Condition
It is the condition that has to be satisfied in order that the controller switch to the next
phase. It is possible to set a timber moisture content that must be reached (TMC
based phase), simply moving the cursor over the relative column and pressing the
“5” key (to erase the effected setting press the “1.” key). It is also possible to set one
delay in hours to maintain a constant climate in the kiln for the specified hours (time
based phase); the countdown will begin after that the required temperature and
timber moisture (if any) have been reached..
If no timber moisture and neither a duration is set, the phase ends when the kiln
reaches the required temperature (heating/cooling phases).
Fans speed
If the kiln is equipped with a fans speed control (frequency inverter), it is possible to
specify a specific rotation speed for every phase. This data has no effect for kilns
without frequency inverter.
Phases parameters – page 2
Outputs
Use this section to specify for each phase whether flaps, fans, sprayers and heating
must be managed automatically by the controller or whether they have to be always
on or off. There are 4 columns for these setting, related to the controller outputs:
Sp = sprayers
Fl = flaps

- 57 -
Ht = heating
Fn = fans
By positioning the cursor over the corresponding column and pressing the “5” key,
the related output can be set for automatic operation (A), or always OFF (x) or ON
(●)
The normal condition is the automatic operation (A) for all the outputs in all the
phases.
Alarms
These settings specify for each phase whether a determined type of alarm has to be
managed. The four available columns have the following meaning:
LT = Low temperature
HT = High Temperature
LE = Low EMC
HE = High EMC
By positioning the cursor over the corresponding column and pressing the “5” key,
the alarm can be activated (●) or excluded (x).
Normally the management of the alarms should be always active, but it could be
useful to exclude it when an output is excluded (see previous paragraph) or, for
instance, to avoid alarms due to low EMC in the initial phase of the cycle.
HT
Specifies whether the current phase is a standard or an Heat Treatment phase (only
for controllers equipped with the required hardware option). To define a phase as
HT cycle, simply press the “5” button when the cursor is over this column until the
“HT” label is displayed.
When a phase is defined as HT cycle, the temperature specified for the phase itself
is considered as the minimum timber core temperature measured instead of the kiln
temperature (see also “Minimum temp.for HT cycles”) and the timeout set is
considered as specified in minutes instead of hours (See “Climate” and “Condition”
chapters)

- 58 -
Cell climate regulation
The cell climate is regulated according to the values set for the various phases. If the
ending condition of the phases is a time delay (time based phase), the set climate is
immediately reached (according to the heating speed specified in the general
parameters). On the opposite, during the transition between two timber moisture
based phases, the climate variation is performed gradually, according to the
variations of the timber moisture. In this operation mode, the set values of
temperature and EMC for the current phase are reached only when the timber
moisture reaches the value set as ending condition for the same phase, changing
gradually from to the values of the previous phase while the timber moisture
decreases.
4.4) Final moisture setting
Either when the drying program has been recalled from memory (standard, custom
or iButton) or when it has been set manually, the final moisture of the timber is
defined by the last timber moisture value set as “end of phase” condition (see
“Drying phase – first page” chapter). After having recalled whatever program, enter
the “Phases definition” section of “Manual settings” to adjust the final moisture.
This change won’t affect the original program loaded from memory.
Heat Treatment (HT)
DELPHI controller can be supplied with a special hardware option to automatically
perform HT cycles according to the IPPC-FAO phytosanitary regulations for pest
prevention. In addition to the hardware option, that consist of 1 or 2 LG30 amplifiers
and a number of timber temperature probes that goes from 1 to 16, the controller
must be connected to a PC running WoodWizard2 software to generate the reports.
The treatment cycle can be managed using a single phase of the cycle, before, after
or instead of a drying cycle. To perform it, a number of probes (that depends on the
local regulations) must be inserted in a hole made in the ticker wood pieces, then a
proper cycle phase must be set, specifying that it is an HT phase (see “Phases
definition” chapter).
During the HT phase, the temperature into the kiln will be increased according to the
specified heating speed, until the minimum core temperature or the maximum kiln
temperature will be reached. As soon as the minimum core temperature will be

- 59 -
reached, a countdown with the set minutes will start; the phase will end at the
elapsing of the countdown. Should, for any reason, the core temperature fall below
the minimum value, the countdown will automatically restart from the beginning. At
the end of the countdown, the controller will proceed with the next phase (if any).
Timber core temperature visualization
During the HT phase, the minimum core temperature is displayed instead of the final
temperature, below the kiln temperature on the main screen; this value is identified
by two small “HT” letters immediately before it. The value of all the core probes can
be displayed by pressing the “Probes” key from the main screen, then pressing the
“HT” key. A list of the installed HT probes will be displayed, followed by the
measured temperatures. If the error symbol “- - - -“ is displayed instead of the
measured value, the related sensor is disconnected or not functioning. When the
symbol “xxxx” is displayed instead of the measured value, it means that the probe is
working properly, but it has been deselected by the operator (through PC connection
and WoodWizard2 software) or automatically by the system. A HT probe is
automatically deselected by the system when, during the cycle, a fault or a temporary
disconnection is detected, because it is not allowed to replace the probes during the
cycle. When this happens, in order to enable the probes again, a new cycle should be
started from the PC software WoodWizard2: from the start screen, select the section
“Probes selection” and check the box beside the desired probes.
NOTE: The measured value of the unselected probes shows always “0,0” in
WoodWizard2. Select the probe in order to see the real measured temperature.
Probe verifying / calibration procedure
In some countries it's required to make a verifying procedure of all the probes before
the starting of every drying cycle. This preliminary control should be done respecting
the information of the dryer constructor or the reference controlling organism ones.
.Normally the control is based on a comparison with a sample thermometer; the
probe of the sample thermometer and the probes used for the measure should
measure an homogeneous temperature and the measured temperature values should
be registered. The cheapest solution we can suggest is to put all the probes in a bucket
full of water with a temperature next to the one of the treatment ,having care of

- 60 -
putting all the probes in the centre of the bucket and eventually mixing the water; in
few minutes it's possible to obtain a comparison provided of a good accuracy
A more professional alternative is to use a temperature calibrator, which will allow
you to set exactly the temperature to make the comparison of the probes. Also in this
case the probes (max.4 each time)should be inserted in the insert holes together with
the reference thermometer probe in order to determine the error of the measuring
system.
If, during the verification a not exact probe is found, its reading can be adjusted by
setting the related compensation parameter. To set the parameter, from the HT probes
visualization page (Probes → Heat Treatment) press the “Adj” button to access the
compensation parameters page, then select the desired probe and set the adjustment
value.
Probes positioning
The positioning of the probes and their number is usually based on the local
normative. However it has usually to be granted that the minimum temperature to
which the wood has been treated couldn't be lower than 56C.Here there are some
general suggestions;
- The temperature probes should be positioned in the kiln's colder places
If the normative of your country requires the insertion of the probes in the wood (the
most common prescription) you should:
1) Identify the boards /elements that you consider more difficult to heat
(normally the bigger ones)
2) Drill a hole length wise deep enough to insert all the metal part of the probe
and part of the black insulator, in order to make negligible the heat leaded
by the probe itself.
In order to choose the proper size of the hole to be drilled you 'd mind the fact that:
a) If the hole and the probe have exactly the same diameter, it's
possible that the normal drying process due to the HT treatment
may cause a contraction of the hole that can turn in a difficult
removal of the same probe.
b) Otherwise if the hole is too large, the circulation of air could distort
the measurement.
If you're doubtful about the size of the hole to be drilled you can drill larger holes
and then seal them with a subtle layer of any material which is simple to remove.

- 61 -
Verifying the cycle setting
On the basis of the results of the probes verifying procedure, if one of the probes
indicates a temperature higher than the reference thermometer, you'd increase the
treating temperature of the same value of the difference between the probe who
shows the higher temperature and the reference thermometer's own temperature. For
example:
Temperature of the reference thermometer =50,5°C
Temperature of probe 1= 49,8°C
In the case the temperature required for the treatment should be 56,0°C, you'd set as
the “Treatment Temperature” parameter the value 56+(51,2-50,5)=56,7°C.
Additional functions
Menu → Energy saving
This function of the controller is studied to optimize the plant management cost, by
limiting the consumption during the most critical hours. It allows to fix a limit to the

- 62 -
demand of electrical energy (fans) and either to the heating power, so it is particularly
useful where the energy cost depends on the hour of the day (the maximum power
to the fans can be assigned when the energy cost is lower). But this function may
also be useful in other circumstances, such as:
- to limit the heating demand during working time, when the boiler has a low
power and the hot water is used also to heat-up the working environment.
- where several kilns are installed, to reduce the maximum power demanded
by the plant, by setting in turn each kiln in energy saving mode.
- to reduce the noise generated during the night, by decreasing the fans speed
in night time.
For every day of the week the time of beginning (B) and ending (E) of the energy
saving mode can be set. If the beginning time is later than ending time, the energy
saving will be active from midnight to the ending time and, again, from the
beginning time to midnight. Otherwise the energy saving mode will be active
between beginning and the ending time.
Menu → Energy saving → Mode
It specifies the energy saving operating mode. The settable values are:
“Off”: the energy saving function is not enabled.
“Local”: the energy saving function is managed by the controller according
to the programmed schedule.
“Remote”: The energy saving mode is managed directly by the supervisory
PC.
Menu → Energy saving → Fans
It is the maximum power allowed for the fans when the energy saving mode is active.
Menu → Energy saving → Heater
It is the maximum power allowed for the heating when the energy saving mode is
active.
Menu → Controller options
Use this menu to ad just the display and the system clock.

- 63 -
Menu → Controller options → Display contrast
Use this parameter to ad just the display contrast display.
NOTE: the contrast adjustment can be effected directly from main screen (see
“Before starting → contrast setting” chapter.
Menu → Controller options → Display backlight mode
The display backlight is obtained by fluorescent lamp that whose operating life is
usually lower than the other electronic parts. To preserve it, DELPHI offers two
alternatives for its automatic turning off. The operating modes are:
- Auto: the lamp is managed according to the light sensor situated close to
the “5” key and it is automatically turned on when an abrupt external light
variation is detected or when a key is pressed.
- ON: The lamp is maintained always turned on
- Timer: the lamp is turned on when a key is pressed and stays on for a
settable time
Menu → Controller options → Backlight timeout
Used if the backlight mode is set to “Auto” or “Time”, it is the time for which the
lamp will be on after the last activation due to the light sensor or key pressed.
Menu → Controller options → Day….minutes
Use these parameters to set DELPHI internal clock.
Menu → Measures
It is a list of the last measures effected by the controller. The interval between a
recording and the following one is settable from “Menu → Service → Drying
preferences.”; the list can be scrolled using the arrows.
Every row gives the following information:
DD = Day of the month of the measure
HH = Hour of the day when the measure was taken
Temp. = Kiln temperature ((C)
T.I. = Ideal kiln temperature

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