Radar Crossection Area Reduction Techniques Presentation

1. By
Mr. Mukul Wadhokar
Radar Crossection Area Reduction
Technique

2. Outine
• Introduction
• Radar Crossection of aircraft
• RCS Reduction techniques
o Shaping
o Radar absorabnt Material
o Passive Cancellation
o Active Cancellation
• The penalties of RCSR
• Conclusion

3. Introduction
• Stealth technology-
-Technique of making object invisible
-E.g Fighter Aircraft
-A stealth aircraft (which is designed to have low detectability) will
have design features that give it a low RCS
- Low Observable technology(LOT)

5. Types of radar signatures-
• Radar crossection
• Infrared signature
• Acoustic signature
• Visible signature
• Laser crossection
• Magnetic signature

6. Radar cross section
• RCS is an estimate of observability of a target, which in turn,
depends on its external features and properties.
• Ability to reflect radar signal
• Related to
oPhysical geometry
oDirection of radar signal
oFrequency of radar signal
oMaterial of aircraft

7. Radar cross section
• RCS can be determined by the equation-

8. RCS of different objects are as follows-

9. RCS reduction techniques-
• RCSR prevents or delays detection by radar.
• RCSR prevents or makes a correct target classification
difficult.
• RCSR prevents the lock-on of radar seeker heads or
reduces thelock-on distance.
• RCSR increases the protective range of ECM.

10. RCS reduction techniques-
• There are four basic techniques for reducing radar cross
section:
o Shaping;
o Radar absorbing materials (RAM);
o Passive cancellation;
o Active cancellation.

11. Shaping
• The should be reflecting and which diverges the radar beam
away from the incident direction
• The tail should be an acute angle
• Plane wings has to be kept at an angle
• Proper design of nose
• The engines must be within fuselage

14. Radar absorbent material coat (RAM)-
• Absorbents-
oGenerally four types of coatings
oPolymer matrix composites PMC
oMetal matrix composits MMC
oCeramic metal composite material CMC
oCarbon composite

15. Radar absorbent material coat (RAM)-
o Multilayer Dielectric Absorbers
o Magnetic Ram

16. Passive Cancellation
• In passive cancellation, the basic concept is to introduce an
echo source whose amplitude and phase can be adjusted to
cancel another echo source.
• RADAR Jamming

17. Active RCS reduction
• Reduction of RCS which occurs due to antenna and sensors ,
and radio
• In this a case, the radiation pattern of the phased antenna
array is controlled

18. Pros and Cons-
• Economical in long run in war situations
• Keeping enemy in fear and in defense mode

19. Pros and Cons-
• The Aircraft remains undetected in enemy territory increases the
chances to win dogfight
• Airstrikes mission can be accomplished without any loss of aircraft
• They have higher military technology than conventional fighter
aircrafts

20. Pros and Cons-
• Cons-
• Low speed
• Less Maneuverability
• Extremely high cost
• E.g B2 bomber $70 million
F22 $100 million
• Due to wing shape, Unstable Flight
• Not Enough uplift force

21. Pros and Cons-
• Reduced payload
• Reduced range
• Added weight
• Increased maintenance.

22. Conclusion-
• Stealth technology is future military combat technology
• Various ways to reduce the RCS of the aircraft are-
• Shaping
• RADAR absorbent materials
• Active Cancellation
• Passive cancelation
• The main problem is high cost
• It is next level military technology, gives global recognition