This document provides information about adverbs including: 1) Adverbs describe verbs, modify adjectives and other adverbs. They answer questions like how, when, where, etc. but do not modify nouns. 2) There are three degrees of comparison for adverbs - positive, comparative, and superlative. Adverbs form comparatives and superlatives using "er", "est", "more", and "most". 3) Most adverbs are formed by adding "-ly" to adjectives. Some adverbs are identical to adjectives while others are not derived from other words.

1. Asalammualaikum and Good
Morning

2. Adverb
Group 4 :
MUHAMMAD SYAZWAN IZZAT BIN NORMAN ZAIDI
GUGANESH A/L VELLEN
FATIN FARISHA BINTI MOHD SAAD
SITI NUR AQILAH BINTI MOHD SHUKRI

3. DEFINITION OF ADVERB
• Adverbs describe verbs and modify adjectives and other adverbs .adverbs ,unlike adjective
,do not modify nouns .adverbs can also modify phrases ,clauses and sentences .adverbs
answer one of the following questions ;when ?where? Why? How?under what conditions ?
• Example
• The teacher had to speak LOUDLY to be heard over the students (loudly modifies the verb
speak )
• The children were REALLY bad during the movie (really modifies the adjective bad )
• She eats SLOWLY ( it shows that girl eats very slow )

5. Adverbs of manner quiz
1) I could hear my neighbour shouting ___ at each other
A) angry
B) angrily
C) angerily
2)We waited ___ for the bus to arrive
A) Patiently
B) patient
C) punctually

6. Comparison of adverbs
• There are three degrees of comparison in adverbs –the positive ,the
comparatives ,and the superlative .the adverbs form their comparatives and
superlatives using –er and –est ,and more and most . Adverbs that end in –ly
use the words more and most to form their comparatives and superlatives .
• The one –syllable adverbs use –er in the comparative form and –est in the
superlative form

7. Absolute Comparative Superlative
Loud Louder Loudest
Faster Fasters Fastest
Late Later Latest
The one – syllable adverbs use –er in the comparative form , and –est in the superlative form

8. Absolute Comparative Superlative
Brightly More brightly Most brightly
Freely More freely Most freely
Loudly More loudly Most loudly
Sweetly More sweetly Most sweetly
Adverbs which end in –ly or have three or more syllables each form the
comparative with more and superlative with most

9. The comparative form is used to campare two things
Example
- We must not reach there later than 7 o clock .
- You speak more loudly than a loudspeaker
- Sirius shines more brightly than all the other stars
The superlative form is used to compare three or more things
Example
- He arrived the earliest so he had to wait for the others .
- Why do you have to speak the most loudly of all at the meeting ?
- Of all the girls ,your sister sang the most sweetly
It is not correct to use –er and more together ,or –est and most together
Example
- incorrect: The tree is more taller than the giraffe
- Correct : The tree is taller than the giraffe
- Incorrect : This turkey is the most oldest in the farm
- Correct : This turkey is the oldest in the farm

10. Quiz of comparison
1) He arrived ___ than expected ( early )
2) He hit his arm ___than before (hard )
3)The Spanish athlete ran ___than the other runners (fast )
Answer ; Earlier
Answer ; Harder
Answer; Faster

11. Forming adverbs
• There are three forms of adverbs ;adverb formed by adding –ly to an
adjective ,adverb that shares an identical word with an adjective ,and adverb
not derived from an adjective or any other world.

12. a) Most adverb are formed by adding –ly to an adjective
example
- He had a sudden heart attack while jogging (adjective)
- He suddenly had a heart attack while jogging (adverb )
- she had a quick walk to get there on time (adjective )
- She walk quickly to get there on time (adverb )
Converting a number of adjective to adverbs by adding –ly entails removing a letter in the
following
Example
- By adding –ly or –ally to the end of an adjective (quick –quickly ,heroic ,heroically )
- By adding – ly after removing the last e- form an adjective (comfortable –
comfortably,possible, possibly )
- By dropping the last y from an adjective and replacing it with –ily (easy –easily ,happy –
happily)

13. b) Adverbs that share identical words with an adjective .
some example of adverbs that have the same form as adjective and have similar meanings
are :far ,fast ,hard ,long right ,straight ,tight ,wrong
Example
- I got cheap pair of shoes in the sale (adjective )
- I got a pair of shoes cheap in the sale(adverbs )
- The workers find the new machine easy to operate ( adjective )
- The workers operate the new machine easily (adverbs)
- She found the work quite hard (adjective )
- She worked quite hard (adverb)

14. c) There are adverbs not derived form an adjective or any othjer word
Adverbs :as ,even , how ,never ,next ,now ,rather , so, soon ,still, and too
Example
- He doesn’t even know where the pacific ocean is
- He said he had never been to a circus
- She has eaten two big pizzas and is still hungry
There are many adverbs that do not end –ly . Adverbs ( in bold ) coming after verbs do not end in –ly
Example
- The climbers strove hard to reach the top
- The boy jumped over the fence
- The train will arrive soon .

15. Adverb are also formed from other parts of speech such as noun (accident ),verb (hurry ),adjective (bad )and form
present participle (frightening ).
Example
- She deleted my file by accident (noun)
- She accidentally deleted my file ( adverb )
- Nick hurried to answer the telephone (verb )
- Nick moved hurriedly to answer the telephone (adverb)
- Excessive smoking is bad for the health (adjective )
- His health is badly damaged by excessive smoking ( adverb )

16. Forming adverb quiz
Convert adjective to adverb
1)Calm –
2)Brave –
3)Quiet –
4)Silent –
Answer ; Calmly
Answer ; Bravely
Answer ; Quietly
Answer ; Silently