The document outlines India's fundamental rights as defined in Part 3 of the constitution. It discusses the 7 original fundamental rights, of which right to property has since been removed. The 6 key remaining rights are right to equality, right to freedom, right against exploitation, right to freedom of religion, cultural and educational rights, and right to constitutional remedies. Each right is further explained, with articles of the constitution cited. For example, right to equality includes equality before law and prohibition of discrimination. Fundamental rights aim to protect basic human rights of all citizens irrespective of personal attributes and provide remedies if these rights are violated.

1. FUNDAMENTAL
RIGHTS By - Deeksha Giri

2. FUNDAMENTAL
RIGHTS
• Right to equality
• Right to freedom
• Right against exploitation
• Right to freedom of religion
• Cultural and educational rights
• Right to constitutional remedies
• Right to property (removed from fundamental rights to legal rights)

3. The basic human rights of all the citizens are said to be Fundamental Rights in our
constitution. These rights are defined in part 3rd of the constitution, and applied
irrespective of race, caste, religion, place of birth or gender.
Earlier we had 7 fundamental rights but during the 44th amendment in 1978 the
right to property (Article 31) has been removed from fundamental rights to legal
rights and the 6 remaining rights are-
•Right to equality
•Right to freedom
•Right against exploitation
•Right to freedom of religion
•Cultural and educational rights
•Right to constitutional remedies
FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS

4. Right to equality (article 14-18)
• Article 14( Equality before law): Either the person is foreigner or an
Indian citizens, the laws will be equal for all.
• Article 15(Prohibition of discrimination): Nobody can discriminate
anyone on the basis of race, caste, sex, religion, place of birth and
many others.
• Article16(Equality of opportunity in public employment): In every
kind of public employment either private or government everyone will
have equal opportunities but women SCs and STs will have some
reserved seats.
• Article 17(Abolition of untouchability): Untouchability will not be there
in the country.
• Article 18(Abolition of titles): Neither the Indians nor the foreigners
could give any of the official titles to anyone by themselves

5. • Article19: Freedom of speech, expression, assemble peacefully, form associations, move freely, settle
anywhere, any profession.
• Article 20(Protection in respect of conviction of offence): Nobody can convict anyone forcefully for any
crime.
• No ex post facto- The punishment given to the victim will only be regulated on the law of that particular day.
• No double jeo party- A person cannot be punished again and again for different issues at the same time. He
will be punished only once.
• No self incrimination- No criminal can give testimony for himself.
• Article 21(Protection of life and personal liberty): Every person in India have right to live with human
dignity, health, decent environment, free legal aid, livelihood, privacy, shelter, delayed execution, speedy trial,
hand coughing, travel abroad, fair trail, information, reputation, women to be treated with dignity and also
right against inhuman treatment ,bonded labour, custodial harassment.
• Article 22(Protection against arrest and detention): Any criminal must be taken to magistrate in 24 hours
of arrestion, except the travelling time taken to reach.
Right to freedom (article 19-22)

6. • Article 23(Prohibition of traffic in human
beings and forced labours): No slavery would
be done either with children or women and also
the men in some cases.
• Article 24(Prohibits child labour): No children
would be allowed to work by force especially in
dangerous works only if compulsory then in
innocent works.
Right against exploitation
(Article 23-24)

7. • Article 25: Freedom to profess, practice and propagate any religion.
• Article 26(freedom to manage religious affairs): One can legally administer any
religious works or affairs in their property.
• Article 27(freedom from taxation on promotion of religion): For promoting
anyone’s religion each person is free.
• Article 28(Freedom from attending religious instructions): Everyone is free to
accept any religious instructions.
Right to freedom of religion
(Article 25-28)

8. • Article 29(Protection of interest of
minorities): If any minority wants to protect
their language, script, culture or anything then
they are free to take steps they need to but
legally.
• Article 30: Right of minorities to establish and
administer educational institutions.
Cultural and
Educational Rights
(Article 29-30)

9. Article32 (heart and soul of the constitution)- If the
fundamental rights of any person is being exploited by
any person, community or group or government then that
person can go to supreme court and supreme court will
reveal 5 writs to protect his rights.
Those 5 writs are –
• Habeas corpus(to have the body)
• Quo-Warranto (by what warrant/authority)
• Mandamus(we command “supreme court”)
• Prohibition(to prohibit)
• Certiorari(to be certified/sure/informed)
Right to
Constitutional remedies
(Article 29-32)

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