Presentation on Fundamental Rights for the benefit of law students, based on provisions of Human Rights Law and Constitution of India

1. Fundamental Rights
Made by- Ishita Srivastava

2. Definition
• Fundamental Rights are essential human rights
that are offered to every citizen irrespective of
caste, race, creed, place of birth, religion or
gender. These are equal to freedoms and these
rights are essential for personal good and the
society at large.

3. Six Fundamental Rights
• Right to Equality
• Right to Freedom
• Right to Freedom from Exploitation
• Right to Freedom of Religion
• Cultural and Educational Rights
• Right to Constitutional Remedies

4. Right to Equality
• Art 14 Equality before law.
• Art 15 Prohibition of discrimination
on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of
birth.
• Art 16 Equality of opportunity in matters of public
employment.
• Art 17 Abolition of Untouchability.
• Art 18 Abolition of titles.
Maneka Gandhi v. UOI, AIR 1978 SC, 567

5. Right to Freedom
• Art 19 Protection of certain rights
regarding freedom of speech etc.
• Art 20 Protection in respect of conviction for offences.
• Art 21 Protection of life and personal liberty.
• Art 22 Protection against arrest and detention in
certain cases.
Indian Express Newspaper v. UOI, 1985 SC 641

6. Right against Exploitation
• Art. 23 Prohibition of traffic in human beings and
forced labor.
• Art. 24 Prohibition of employment of children in
factories, etc.
M.C. Mehta v. State of Tamil Nadu and ors.
AIR 1997 SC 699

7. Right to Freedom of
Religion
• Art. 25 Freedom of conscience and
free profession, practice and propagation
of religion.
• Art. 26 Freedom to manage religious affairs.
• Art. 27 Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion
of any particular religion.
• Art. 28 Freedom as to attendance at religious
instruction or religious worship in certain educational
institutions.
Mohd. Hanif Quareshi v. State of Bihar,
AIR 1958 SC 731

8. Cultural and
Educational Rights
• Art 29 Protection of interest of
Minorities.
• Art 30 Right of minorities to established and
administered educational institution.
Azeez Basha v. Union of India

9. Right to Constitutional
Remedies
• Art 32 Remedies for enforcement of
rights conferred by this part.
• Art 33 Power of parliament to modify the rights
conferred by this part in their application to forces etc.
• Art 34 Restriction on rights to conferred by this part
while martial law is in force in any area.
• Art 35 Legislation to give effect to the provisions of this
part.

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