In this power point i am trying to explain the defining of the term sports training, conditioning, coaching, adaptation and training load.

1. SPORTS
TRAINING

2. THOUGHT OF THE DAY
•“The capacity to learn is a gift; the ability to learn is a skill; the
willingness to learn is a choice.” – Brian Herbert

3. MEANING
• Training is the process of preparation for some task. This process
invariably extends to number of days and even months and years.
• Training in the field of sports, training is a process, which involves
preparation of a sportsperson to attain highest level of sports
performance.
• Sports training is a complex process of preparation of sports person and
human beings for better sports performance or physical performance.
• It is the process of planning, implementation, assessment and regulation
of sports training in its totality.

4. • Sports training is a pedagogical process, based on scientific principles,
aiming at preparing sportsmen for higher performances in sports
competitions.
• Sports training aims at improving the personality of the sportsperson.
Therefore sports training is an educational(pedagogical) process.
• Sports training is a systematic process extending over a long period. For
best results the system of training has to be based and conducted on
scientific facts and lines.
• This complex nature of sports training, in order to effective and
beneficial, requires knowledge and assistance from other sports science
disciplines e.g. sports medicine, exercise, and sports physiology, sports
bio-mechanics, sports nutrition, and so on.

5. DEFINITION
• “Sports training is a planned and controlled process in which, for
achieving a goal, changes in complex sports motor performance, ability
to act and behavior are made through measures of content, methods
and organization ”. –Martin 1979.
• “Sports training is the basic form of preparation of sportsmen”.-
Matwejew 1981
• “Sports training is a scientifically based and pedagogically organized
process which through planned and systematic , effect on performance
ability and performance readiness aims at sports perfection and
performance improvement as well as at the contest in sports
competition”. –Thiess and Schnabel 1986.

6. COACHING
• The task of the coach is to help the athlete to achieve excellence.
• The coach offers knowledge and time to athletes, and assists them to
enhance their skills fulfill their potential .
• A coach has to formulate the training programme keeping in mind
certain individual characteristics namely biological chronological and
training ages; training state; psychological factors like personality;
intelligence; temperament; total load taking capacity and possibility to
recover.
• The coach has to ensure that the training of his sportsperson is
uninterrupted and the training and the training load is steadily increased
as soon as the sportsperson gets adapted to the load.

7. • In general sense the term ‘coaching’ refers to providing help so that a
person can execute his job efficiently.
• A technical skill which involves coordination of factors like time
sequence, action movement and speed so as to enable a sportsperson
to attain highest level of efficiency in a specific sports.
• Coaching involves teaching, training, instructing and helping people to
learn skills of games and sports, improve performance and reach their
potential.
• It is also about recognizing , understanding, and providing for the social,
emotional and personal needs of the sportspersons.

8. CONDITIONING
• Conditioning is a process of gradually preparing the body for strenuous
physical activity thus focusing attention on development of physical and
motor fitness components (strength, speed, endurance, flexibility,
coordinative abilities) and indirectly enhancing sports performance.
• The act or process of training a person or animal to do something or to
behave in a certain way in a particular situation
• Physical conditioning refers to the development of physical fitness
through the adaptation of the body and its various systems to an
exercise program.

9. TRAINING LOAD
• The training state of a sportsperson develops as a result of application
of motor stimulus (movement) resulting in improvement and
maintenance of performance capacity.
• Load in training and competition is mostly good for health whereas
stress indicates something negative effect in health.
• Load leads to a temporary disturbance of homeostasis.
• Load always causes physical and psychic changes or disturbances.
• Training load is the process of tackling training and competition
demands which causes temporary disturbance of psychic and physical
state of homeostasis.

10. • In addition to improvement of performance, the training loads also
facilitate maintenance and stabilization of performance capacity.
• Load is also given sometimes for the purpose of accelerating the
recovery processes.
• Training load can be defines as Volume × Intensity.
• The most easy way is to do it exactly as a formula:
• 60 minute workout with average HR. 60 × 121 = 7260 training load.
• Physiological and psychological demands placed on the individual
through motor stimulus (movement) resulting in improvement and
maintenance of performance capacity.

11. ADAPTATION
• In literal sense the word adaptation means to get adjusted with.
• The human organism changes to a new state of performance efficiency
as a result of administration of external load. In fact load and adaptation
go side by side.
• This process of adaptation is a bio-chemical process and is applicable to
improvement of conditional abilities (strength, speed endurance) only.
• As a sportsperson is exposed to the training and competition demands,
this results in disturbance of the homeostasis (internal body balance).
• In case the bodily homeostasis is disturbed again and again for a certain
period of time than the human body responds by causing structural and
metabolic changes, which enable the body to withstand the load more
easily. This is called adaptation.

12. AIM & TASK OF SPORTS TRAINING
• The aim of sports training is to prepare a sportsperson physically,
physiologically and psychologically for a possible highest sports
performance at the time of main competition, in a specific sport.
• To ensure this, the following four tasks are to be achieved:
1. Physical Fitness or Condition/ physical preparation:
– The physical fitness or condition is the sum total of five motor
abilities namely strength, speed, endurance, flexibility and co-
ordinative abilities.
– The improvement and maintenance of physical fitness or condition is
perhaps the most important aim of sports training.

13. • Technical skill or technical preparation:
– Sports Performances are possibly only through sports motor actions
or movements.
– The performance of a sportsperson is significantly affected by the
skill with which these actions or movements are performed.
– Learning of sport technical skills therefore, is an important aim of
sports training.
– Higher the level of skill, higher will be the performance. In order to
acquire skill mastery, one has to undergo technical training.

14. • Tactical efficiency or tactical preparation:
– The tactical efficiency consists of three elements
– Knowledge of competition rules
– Possibilities of exploiting various internal and external factors for
achieving best possible results ; tactical abilities and tactical Skills.
– Tactical efficiency is important in all sports but its role is different in
different sports.
– The total volume of tactical training increases with the increase in the
level of performance

15. • Education or intellectual training:
– Sports performance is the product of the total personality of the sports person.
– Beliefs, values, motives, interests, attitudes etc.
– Cognitive abilities e.g., perception, thinking, memory etc.
– Emotional abilities e.g., control of emotions.
– Personality traits e.g., regularity, sincerity, hard work.
– Habits e.g., habits of eating, sleeping, hygiene etc.

16. THANK YOU AND HAVE A GREAT DAY