Principles of sports Training

1. Principles of Sports Training 01
(Intro and objectives of training)
Kaushal Manawadu
PhD in Biomechanics (reading/Loughborough university)
B.sc(sp) Sports science (USJP)
100m Butterfly National champion- 2017

2. Course Content
1. Introduction to training theory
2. Objectives of sports training
3. Factors affecting performance
4. Scope of Training
5. Bio motor abilities
6. Skill classification
7. Sources of Energy
8. Variables of Training

3. What is Sports training?
• Sports training is a special process of preparation of sports
persons based on scientific principles aimed at improving
and maintaining higher performance capacity in different
sports activities.
• It is a particular type of training designed to improve fitness
and abilities to perform in a given sport.
• It includes various types of training.

4. Definition
of Sports
training
“Sports training is a planned and controlled
process for achieving a goal, changes in
complex sports, motor performance ability
to act and behavior are made through
measures of content, method of
organization”. --- Martin
“Sports training is the basic form of
preparation of sportsman” matwejew

5. Why sports training theories?
Identify – what is needed
Implement – what is relevant
Improve – skill/ performance
Track – LTAD/ testing
Bigger toolbox – generate ideas for different situations

6. Objectives of
training
• Objectives of sports training varies
depending on the team or athlete’s
target. But mostly the targets or
the objectives remain the same.
• Some of the objectives will be
explained in next slides.

7. Improvement of physical fitness
Improving all the physical capacities
Speed/ agility/ quickness
Strength
Endurance
Coordination
flexibility

8. Acquisition of sports skills
Sports specific skills
Biomechanical understanding
Sports specific conditioning

9. Multilateral Physical Development
• Athletes need multilateral physical development as a training base as
well as overall physical fitness. The purpose is to increase endurance
and strength, develop speed, improve flexibility, and refine
coordination, thus achieving a harmoniously developed body. We
expect athletes with a strong base and a good overall development to
improve athletic performance faster and better than those without
this foundation. In addition, such athletes will have a superior body
form, which increases their self-esteem and reflects a strong
personality.

10. Sport-
Specific
Physical
Development
• Sport-specific development improves
absolute and relative strength, muscle
mass and elasticity, specific strength
(power or muscular endurance)
according to the sport's requirements,
movement and reaction time, and
coordination and suppleness. This
training creates the ability to perform all
movements, especially those required by
the sport, with ease and smoothness.

11. Technical
Factors
• Technical training involves developing
the capacity to perform all technical
actions correctly; perfecting the
required technique based on a rational
and economical performance, with the
highest possible velocity, high
amplitude, and a demonstration of
force; performing specific techniques
under normal and unusual
circumstances (e.g., weather);
improving the technique of related
sports; and ensuring the ability to
perform all movements correctly.

12. Tactical
Factors
• Tactical factors include improving strategy by
studying the tactics of future opponents,
expanding the optimal tactics within
athletes' capabilities, perfecting and varying
strategies, and developing a strategy into a
model considering future opponents.

13. Psychological Aspects
• Psychological preparation is also
necessary to ensure enhanced
physical performance.
• Psychological training improves
discipline, perseverance, willpower,
confidence, and courage.

14. Team Capability
In some sports (team sports, relays, rowing, cycling, etc.), team preparation is one of the
coach's main objectives.
The coach can accomplish this by establishing harmony in the team's physical, technical, and
strategic preparation. The coach must establish such a concord for psychological preparation,
meaning sound relationships, friendships, and common goals among teammates.
Training competitions and social gatherings consolidate the team and enhance the feeling of
belonging. The coach must encourage the team to act as a unit and should establish specific
plans and roles for each athlete according to the needs of the team.

15. Health Factors
Strengthening each athlete's health is important.
Proper health is maintained by periodic medical
examinations, a proper correlation of training intensity
with individual effort capacity and alternating hard
work with an appropriate regeneration phase.
Following illness or injury, the athlete must begin
training only when completely recovered, ensuring
adequate progression.

16. Injury Prevention
• Prevent injuries by following all safety precautions; increasing
flexibility beyond the level required; strengthening muscles,
tendons, and ligaments, especially during the initiation phase
of a beginner; and developing muscle strength and elasticity
to such a degree that when athletes perform unaccustomed
movements accidents will be unlikely.

17. Theoretical
Knowledge
• Training increases athletes'
knowledge of the physiological
and psychological basis of training,
planning, nutrition, and
regeneration. Coaches should
discuss athlete-coach, athlete-
opponent, and teammate
relationships to help athletes work
together to reach the set goals.